Markers of xenobiotic metabolization (cytochrome P450, ethoxyresorufin-O-deethylase, glutathione and glutathione-S-transferase) were investigated in the liver of the common carp Cyprinus carpio after 28-day exposure to different pesticide formulations.The fish exposed to herbicide Sencor 70 WG (metribuzin 700 g/kg) of 0.25 and 2.5 mg/l showed no change in cytochrome P450 and activity of ethoxyresorufin-O-deethylase when compared to control.Successor 600 (pethoxamid 600 g/l) of 0.06; 0.22 and 0.60 mg/l did not affect either cytochrome P450 or the activity of ethoxyresorufin-O-deethylase. However, in fish exposed to Successor 600 of 0.22 and 0.60 mg/l, there was a rise in glutathione and in the activity of glutathione-S-transferase (p<0.05), with Spearman's correlation r = 0.23 at p<0.05.Spartakus (prochloraz 450 g/l) of 0.36 and 1.08 mg/l induced cytochrome P450 and ethoxyresorufin-O-deethylase (p<0.05), with Spearman's correlation r=0.49 at p<0.01. Glutathione increased in fish exposed to 1.08 mg/l (p<0.05), the activity of glutathione-S-transferase rose (p<0.05) in all concentrations tested (0.108; 0.36 and 1.08 mg/l). Spearman's correlation between glutathione and GST was r=0.38; p<0.01).The obtained data contribute to a better understanding of detoxification of the selected xenobitics in fish. Although biomarkers of the first phase of metabolization are considered to be more sensitive, our results indicate higher sensitivity of the second phase biomarkers.
- Publikační typ
- časopisecké články MeSH
The aim of the present study is to assess aquatic ecosystem contamination using selected biochemical markers: cytochrome P450, ethoxyresorufin-O-deethylase (EROD), glutathione S-transferase (GST), tripeptide glutathione, vitellogenin, and 11-ketotestosterone in chub (Leuciscus cephalus L.). Seven locations on the Svitava and Svratka rivers (in the Brno conurbation, Czech Republic) were assessed. The results were compared with the levels of the most important inductors of these biomarkers: organic pollutants hexachlorocyclohexane (HCH), hexachlorobenzene (HCB), DDT and its metabolites, polychlorinated biphenyls, and polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons in bottom sediment, fish muscle, and semipermeable membrane devices (SPMDs) and metals in sediment. The highest levels of pollutants were observed at sites situated downstream from Brno, especially at Modrice and Rajhradice. Significant positive correlations (p < 0.05) were found between EROD activity and HCH concentration in SPMDs, and also between GST and EROD activity with HCB concentration in muscle, after adjusting for age.
- MeSH
- biologické markery MeSH
- chemické látky znečišťující vodu analýza MeSH
- Cyprinidae metabolismus MeSH
- cytochrom P-450 CYP1A1 metabolismus MeSH
- endokrinní disruptory analýza MeSH
- glutathiontransferasa metabolismus MeSH
- monitorování životního prostředí MeSH
- organické látky analýza MeSH
- řeky chemie MeSH
- testosteron analogy a deriváty krev MeSH
- vitelogeniny krev MeSH
- zvířata MeSH
- Check Tag
- mužské pohlaví MeSH
- zvířata MeSH
- Publikační typ
- časopisecké články MeSH
- práce podpořená grantem MeSH
- Geografické názvy
- Česká republika MeSH
OBJECTIVES: We investigated the effects of the herbicide preparation Successor 600 on biochemical and haematological indices and the histolopathological parameters of common carp after 28 day exposure. Furthermore, the hepatosomatic index and induction of xenobiotic metabolizing enzymes and biomarkers were assessed. DESIGN: Juvenile fish were exposed to sublethal concentrations of Successor(R) 600 (0.06 mg L-1, 0.22 mg L-1 or 0.60 mg L-1) for 28 days. Haematological indices were assessed using unified methods of haematological examination in fish. Plasma biochemical indices were measured by biochemical analyzer, the vitellogenin concentration in male fish plasma was estimated by direct sandwich ELISA. In hepatopancreas, ethoxyresorufin-O-deethylase (EROD) activity was measured spectrofluorimetrically, concentration of total cytochrome P450 (CYP), glutathion (GSH) content and glutathion-S-transferase (GST) activity were determined spectrophotometrically. Histological changes in samples of hepatopancreas, skin, gills, spleen, head kidney and trunk kidney were examined by light microscopy. RESULTS: Haemoglobin, MCH and MCHC were significantly (p<0.05) reduced in fish treated with Successor(R) 600 of 0.22 and 0.60 mg L-1. LDH was enhanced (p<0.05), in the highest concentration of the preparation. Vitellogenin was detected in all male fish, with no difference between groups. HSI, GSH and GST were elevated (p<0.05), owing to the exposure, whereas CYP and EROD were not affected. Slight histopathological changes were demonstrated in skin, gills and hepatopancreas, with steroid tissue in head kidney samples of 0.60 mg L-1 treated fish. CONCLUSION: Successor 600 affected the haematological profile of the treated fish, while the effects on biochemical indices were less expressed. Male plasma vitellogenin concentrations were not indicative of estrogen disruptive effects after 28 days. The importance of GSH and GST for the metabolisation were demonstrated. In contrast, CYP and EROD were not influenced by any concentration tested. HSI was found to reflex pollution with Successor 600. Histopathological indices caused by the treatment were observed in various tissue samples of the treated fish.
- MeSH
- biologické markery krev metabolismus MeSH
- herbicidy aplikace a dávkování toxicita MeSH
- kapři metabolismus MeSH
- náhodné rozdělení MeSH
- stárnutí MeSH
- vztah mezi dávkou a účinkem léčiva MeSH
- zvířata MeSH
- Check Tag
- mužské pohlaví MeSH
- zvířata MeSH
- Publikační typ
- časopisecké články MeSH
- práce podpořená grantem MeSH
OBJECTIVES: The study was designed to assess the pollution of the Svitava and Svratka rivers in and around the industrial city of Brno (Czech Republic) by persistent organic pollutants using selected biochemical markers in chub. DESIGN: Levels of selected biochemical markers were measured in liver and plasma samples of chub. The concentrations of persistent organic pollutants (POPs) were determined in bottom sediment, semi-permeable membrane devices (SPMDs) and muscle samples, and consequently used for correlation with biochemical markers. RESULTS: Significant alterations (p < 0.05) in some biochemical markers were observed and associated with combined exposure to pollutants. The highest levels of pollutants were found at sites situated downstream from Brno. The most widespread changes were identified in the function of phase I detoxifying enzymes. Significant positive correlations were observed in cytochrome P450 content and DDT concentration in the semi-permeable membrane device (p = 0.019, rs = 0.886), and between ethoxyresorufin-O-deethylase activity and content of DDT (p = 0.041, rs = 0.352) and polychlorinated biphenyls (p = 0.034, rs = 0.365) in muscle tissues of indicator fish. CONCLUSION: The results presented in our study indicate the highest contamination of sites situated downstream from Brno, where the intensive industrial and agricultural activities as well as domestic waste and sewage most probably comprise the main impact sources of the enhanced level of pollutants and some biochemical markers in fish.
- MeSH
- biologické markery analýza krev metabolismus MeSH
- Cyprinidae metabolismus MeSH
- cytochrom P-450 CYP1A1 metabolismus MeSH
- DDT analýza metabolismus MeSH
- játra chemie enzymologie metabolismus MeSH
- kosterní svaly chemie enzymologie metabolismus MeSH
- látky znečišťující vodu analýza metabolismus MeSH
- polychlorované bifenyly analýza metabolismus MeSH
- řeky chemie MeSH
- systém (enzymů) cytochromů P-450 metabolismus MeSH
- vystavení vlivu životního prostředí MeSH
- znečištění vody analýza MeSH
- zvířata MeSH
- Check Tag
- mužské pohlaví MeSH
- zvířata MeSH
- Publikační typ
- časopisecké články MeSH
- práce podpořená grantem MeSH
- Geografické názvy
- Česká republika MeSH
- MeSH
- financování organizované MeSH
- Publikační typ
- abstrakty MeSH
