The unique feature of nuclear accidents with neutron exposure is the induced radioactivity in body tissues. For dosimetry purposes, the most important stable isotopes occurring in human body, which can be activated by neutrons, are 23 Na and 32 S. The respective activation reactions are as follows:23Na(n,γ)24Na and32S(n,p)32P. While sodium occurs in human blood, sulfur is present in human hair. In order to verify the practical feasibility of this dosimetry technique in conditions of our laboratory, samples of human blood and hair were irradiated in a channel of a training reactor VR-1.24Na activity was measured by gamma-ray spectrometry.32P activity in hair was measured by means of a proportional counter. Based on neutron-spectrum calculation, relationships between neutron dose and induced activity were derived for both blood and hair.

• MeSH
• dávka záření MeSH
• krev účinky záření   MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• neutrony * MeSH
• radioaktivita MeSH
• radioizotopy fosforu analýza   MeSH
• radioizotopy sodíku MeSH
• radiometrie metody   MeSH
• síra analýza   MeSH
• sodík analýza   MeSH
• únik radioaktivních látek MeSH
• vlasy, chlupy účinky záření   MeSH
• záření gama MeSH
• Check Tag
• lidé MeSH
• Publikační typ
• časopisecké články MeSH
• Geografické názvy
• Česká republika MeSH

Salt (NaCl) represents a radiation sensitive material with a considerable potential for dosimetry in mixed radiation fields of photons and neutrons. In consequence of a gamma radiation exposure, it exhibits a strong luminescence signal following stimulation with blue light. Optically stimulated luminescence (OSL) technique can be used for measurement. Photon dose reconstruction can be done using so-called Single-Aliquot Regenerative-dose protocol. However, a part of OSL signal is caused by NaCl self-irradiation resulting from neutron reactions. This NaCl neutron sensitivity is comparable with neutron sensitivity of TLD-700. Neutron dose can be determined based on neutron activation of NaCl via reaction 23Na(n,γ)24Na. A relation between neutron dose and activity of 24Na can be derived. The total dose is thus determined based on the combination of results of OSL measurements and gamma activity measurements. Practical feasibility of this approach was experimentally verified for salt samples irradiated in a channel of a training reactor.

• MeSH
• chlorid sodný chemie   MeSH
• dávka záření MeSH
• fotony MeSH
• luminiscence MeSH
• neutrony MeSH
• pilotní projekty MeSH
• radiometrie metody   MeSH
• termoluminiscenční dozimetrie MeSH
• záření gama MeSH
• Publikační typ
• časopisecké články MeSH
• Geografické názvy
• Česká republika MeSH

The VR-1 sparrow reactor is an experimental nuclear facility for training, student education and teaching purposes. The sparrow reactor is an educational platform for the basic experiments at the reactor physic and dosimetry. The aim of this article is to describe the new experimental equipment EMK310 features and possibilities for neutron detection by different gas filled detectors at VR-1 reactor. Among the EMK310 equipment typical attributes belong precise set-up, simple control, resistance to electromagnetic interference, high throughput (counting rate), versatility and remote controllability. The methods for non-linearity correction of pulse neutron detection system and reactimeter application are presented.

• MeSH
• analýza selhání vybavení MeSH
• atomové reaktory přístrojové vybavení   MeSH
• biofyzika záření výchova   přístrojové vybavení   MeSH
• dávka záření MeSH
• design s pomocí počítače MeSH
• design vybavení MeSH
• neutrony MeSH
• radiometrie přístrojové vybavení   MeSH
• reprodukovatelnost výsledků MeSH
• senzitivita a specificita MeSH
• Publikační typ
• časopisecké články MeSH
• práce podpořená grantem MeSH
• Geografické názvy
• Česká republika MeSH