The role of oestrogen in oncogenesis has been examined extensively, especially in the context of breast cancer, and receptor modulators are an integral part of targeted treatment in this disease. The role of oestrogen signalling in colonic carcinoma is poorly understood. Men are more susceptible than women to colon cancer. Furthermore, hormone-replacement therapy affords an additive protective effect for postmenopausal women, and when these women do develop cancer, they typically have less aggressive disease. The discovery of a second oestrogen receptor (ERbeta) and its over expression in healthy human colon coupled with reduced expression in colon cancer suggests that this receptor might be involved. The underlying mechanism, however, remains largely unknown. In this Review, we discuss the various hypotheses presented in the published literature. We examine the cellular and molecular mechanisms through which oestrogen is purported to exert its protective influence, and we review the evidence available to support these claims.
- MeSH
- beta receptor estrogenů genetika metabolismus MeSH
- hodnocení rizik MeSH
- imunohistochemie MeSH
- incidence MeSH
- jehlová biopsie MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- nádorové biomarkery genetika metabolismus MeSH
- nádory prsu epidemiologie patologie prevence a kontrola MeSH
- nádory tračníku epidemiologie patologie prevence a kontrola MeSH
- polymerázová řetězová reakce s reverzní transkripcí MeSH
- prognóza MeSH
- receptory pro estrogeny genetika metabolismus MeSH
- senzitivita a specificita MeSH
- střevní sliznice patologie MeSH
- Check Tag
- lidé MeSH
- ženské pohlaví MeSH
- Publikační typ
- časopisecké články MeSH
- přehledy MeSH
- srovnávací studie MeSH
