Colletotrichum species are known as important pathogens of plants with an impact on crop production. Some of these species are also known as a cause of rare ophthalmic infections in humans. A case of keratitis caused by Colletotrichum dematium after corneal trauma in a 56-year-old woman is presented. Infection was diagnosed based on positive microscopy and culture. The fungal isolate was identified by morphological characteristics and DNA sequencing of the ITS rDNA region, β-tubulin (tub2) and glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase (gapdh) genes. The patient responded well to topical therapy with amphotericin B combined with intravenous amphotericin B but improvement was associated with the corneal collagen cross-linking. The review of the literature revealed another 13 cases of C. dematium keratitis, all but one patient having at least one keratitis risk factor in their history. Almost all patients (n = 12) were treated with topical polyene antibiotics (natamycin or amphotericin B), improvement and cure were achieved in eight of them.

• MeSH
• Amphotericin B administration & dosage   MeSH
• Antifungal Agents administration & dosage   MeSH
• Administration, Topical MeSH
• Colletotrichum classification   genetics   isolation & purification   MeSH
• Molecular Diagnostic Techniques MeSH
• Adult MeSH
• Glyceraldehyde-3-Phosphate Dehydrogenase (Phosphorylating) genetics   MeSH
• Keratitis diagnosis   microbiology   pathology   MeSH
• Middle Aged MeSH
• Humans MeSH
• DNA, Ribosomal Spacer genetics   MeSH
• Microbiological Techniques MeSH
• Adolescent MeSH
• Young Adult MeSH
• Mycoses diagnosis   microbiology   pathology   MeSH
• Eye Injuries complications   MeSH
• Sequence Analysis, DNA MeSH
• Tubulin genetics   MeSH
• Treatment Outcome MeSH
• Check Tag
• Adult MeSH
• Middle Aged MeSH
• Humans MeSH
• Adolescent MeSH
• Young Adult MeSH
• Male MeSH
• Female MeSH
• Publication type
• Journal Article MeSH
• Case Reports MeSH
• Systematic Review MeSH