BACKGROUND: The objective of the present research was to study the dynamics of changes in emotional energy, work self-efficacy and perceived similarity in the crew of the Mars 520 experimental study. METHODS: The study comprised six volunteers, all men, between 27-38 yr of age (M = 32.16; SD = 4.99). The Mars 520 experimental study simulated all the elements of the proposed Mars mission that could be ground simulated, i.e., traveling to Mars, orbiting it, landing, and returning to Earth. During the simulation, measures of emotional energy, work self-efficacy, and perceived similarity were repeated every month. The data were analyzed using linear mixed effect models. RESULTS: Emotional energy, work self-efficacy, and perceived similarity gradually increased in the course of the simulation. DISCUSSION: There was no evidence for a so-called third quarter phenomenon (the most strenuous period of group isolation, psychologically, emotionally, and socially) in our data. On the contrary, work self-efficacy, emotional energy, and group cohesion (indexed here by the subject's perceived similarity to others) increased significantly in the course of the simulation, with the latter two variables showing positive growth in the group functioning.

• MeSH
• dospělí MeSH
• emoce MeSH
• fyziologická adaptace fyziologie   MeSH
• interpersonální vztahy * MeSH
• kosmický let * MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• sebeuplatnění MeSH
• sociální izolace MeSH
• uzavřené ekologické systémy MeSH
• uzavřené prostory MeSH
• Check Tag
• dospělí MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• mužské pohlaví MeSH
• Publikační typ
• časopisecké články MeSH
• práce podpořená grantem MeSH

INTRODUCTION: The major causes of in-flight fatal incapacitation in civil pilots are acute coronary events, new onset idiopathic epilepsy, and physiological problems. Less than 1% of all air accidents are due to sudden incapacitaion. The problem with acute coronary disease is very serious when occurring during critical stages of the flight, such as takeoff or landing, rather than during the cruising phase. CASE REPORT: The authors describe the fatal in-flight incapacitation in a Czech airline captain during the approach for landing. In this case, the first officer tried to communicate with the captain, but there was no response and first aid was unsuccessful. The post-mortem examination showed the cause of the sudden death to be an aortic dissection with cardiac tamponade due to cystic medial necrosis (Erdheim disease). The authors describe the clinical and histological features of Erdheim disease. DISCUSSION: The normal aorta contains collagen, elastin, and smooth muscle cells that form the vessel wall. Degenerative changes lead to breakdown of the collagen, elastin, and smooth muscle, and an increase in basophillic ground substance with the formation of cysts and accumulation of mucopolysaccharide. Medical incapacitation in the cockpit is rare. The leading causes of fatal in-flight incapacitation are myocardial infarction, cardiac arrhythmias, and epileptic seizures; cystic medial necrosis is very rare and no similar cases were found in the aviation literature.

• MeSH
• aneurysma hrudní aorty patologie   MeSH
• cysty patologie   MeSH
• disekce aorty patologie   MeSH
• letecké a kosmické lékařství MeSH
• lidé středního věku MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• náhlá smrt etiologie   MeSH
• ruptura aorty patologie   MeSH
• srdeční tamponáda etiologie   patologie   MeSH
• Check Tag
• lidé středního věku MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• mužské pohlaví MeSH
• Publikační typ
• časopisecké články MeSH
• kazuistiky MeSH