The purpose of this systematic review was to analyze the effects of concurrent training on one repetition maximum (1RM), maximum oxygen consumption (VO2max), and peak oxygen consumption (VO2peak) in healthy adults. The review followed PRISMA recommendations using randomized controlled trials in nine databases. Twenty-one studies met the inclusion criteria, totaling a sample of 796 subjects to perform the meta-analysis. As result, concurrent training provides similar increases in 1RM as strength training for upper limbs (standardized mean difference [SMD]: 0.12; 95% IC: [-0.18; 0.41]; p=0.43) and for the lower limbs (SMD: -0.32; 95% IC: [-0.79; 0.15]; p=0.19). Similarly, no difference was found in the aerobic capacity between the concurrent training vs. aerobic training groups ([SMD - VO2max]: -0.19; 95% IC: [-0.71; 0.33]; p=0.48 and [SMD - VO2peak]: -0.24; 95% IC: [-0.57; 0.08]; p=0.14). Based on the results found, we can affirm that a) similar to strength training, concurrent training provides maximum strength development for upper and lower limbs; and b) cardiorespiratory capacity is not impaired by concurrent training in relation to aerobic training, demonstrating the compatibility of the two training sessions.
- MeSH
- dolní končetina MeSH
- dospělí MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- odporový trénink * metody MeSH
- spotřeba kyslíku MeSH
- svalová síla * MeSH
- tolerance zátěže MeSH
- Check Tag
- dospělí MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- Publikační typ
- časopisecké články MeSH
- metaanalýza MeSH
- systematický přehled MeSH
The potential anti-fatigue and performance benefits of hydrogen rich water (HRW) have resulted in increased research interest over the past 5 years. The aim of this study was to assess physiological and perceptual responses to an incremental exercise protocol after administration of 600 ml HRW within 30 min before exercise. This randomized, double blinded placebo-controlled cross over study included twelve healthy males aged 27.1±4.9 years. The exercise protocol consisted of a 10 min warm-up at 1.0 W.kg-1, followed by 8 min at 2.0, 3.0, and 4.0 W.kg-1, respectively. Cardio-respiratory variables, lactate and ratings of perceived exertion (RPE) were assessed in the last minute of each step. A significantly lower blood lactate was found with HRW (4.0±1.6 and 8.9±2.2 mmol.l-1) compared to Placebo (5.1±1.9 and 10.6±3.0 mmol.l-1) at 3.0, and 4.0 W.kg-1, respectively. Ventilatory equivalent for oxygen and RPE exhibited significantly lower values with HRW (32.3±7.2, and 17.8±1.2 points, respectively) compared to Placebo (35.0±8.4, and 18.5±0.8 points, respectively) at 4 W.kg-1. To conclude, acute pre-exercise supplementation with HRW reduced blood lactate at higher exercise intensities, improved exercise-induced perception of effort, and ventilatory efficiency.
- MeSH
- cvičení fyziologie psychologie MeSH
- dospělí MeSH
- dvojitá slepá metoda MeSH
- dýchání * MeSH
- kyselina mléčná krev MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- mladý dospělý MeSH
- percepce fyziologie MeSH
- pití * MeSH
- spotřeba kyslíku fyziologie MeSH
- srdeční frekvence fyziologie MeSH
- svalová únava fyziologie MeSH
- tělesná námaha fyziologie MeSH
- voda chemie MeSH
- vodík * MeSH
- Check Tag
- dospělí MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- mladý dospělý MeSH
- mužské pohlaví MeSH
- Publikační typ
- časopisecké články MeSH
- randomizované kontrolované studie MeSH
The aim of this study was to determine the effect of muscular strength, strength asymmetries, and fatigue on the speed and accuracy of an instep kick in soccer players. We measured ball velocity (BV) and kicking accuracy (KA) in the preferred (PL) and non-preferred leg (NPL) before (PRE) and after (POST) physical load in the PL. Maximum peak muscle torque of the knee extensors and flexors in the PL and NPL as well as ipsilateral knee flexors and knee extensors ratio (H:Q ratio) for both legs were assessed. BV was significantly decreased in POST physical load (5.82%, BVPRE=30.79±1.70 m·s-1, BVPOST=29.00±1.70 m·s-1, t19=3.67, p=0.00, d=1.05). Instep kick accuracy after the physical load worsened by an average of 10% in the most accurate trials. Results revealed a significant decrease in instep kick accuracy after physical loading (KAPRE=2.74±0.70 m, KAPOST=3.85±1.24 m, t19=-3.31, p=0.00, d=1.10). We found an insignificant correlation between H:Q ratio and KA in PRE test value, whereas a lower ipsilateral ratio (higher degree of strength asymmetry) in the POST physical load significantly correlated with KA in all angular velocities (r=-0.63 up to -0.67, p=0.00).
- MeSH
- biomechanika MeSH
- fotbal fyziologie MeSH
- koleno fyziologie MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- mladý dospělý MeSH
- motorické dovednosti fyziologie MeSH
- sportovní výkon fyziologie MeSH
- svalová síla fyziologie MeSH
- svalová únava fyziologie MeSH
- Check Tag
- lidé MeSH
- mladý dospělý MeSH
- mužské pohlaví MeSH
- Publikační typ
- časopisecké články MeSH
The primary aim of this study was to assess performance (Perf) changes in response to a new training strategy. Specifically, based on spectral analysis of heart rate variability (SA HRV) to determine autonomic nervous system (ANS) activity, training doses were adjusted to maintain vagal activity at a high and relatively stable level during training preparation. Trained athletes (5 male and 5 female) aged 23.2±4.2 years voluntarily participated in the study. ANS activity was assessed during an orthoclinostatic test, and was represented by calculating HRV variables and a total score index. Over 17 weeks, improvement (1.4-8.5%) and deterioration (0.1-8.8%) in Perf were detected in 7 and 3 athletes, respectively. A relationship (rs=0.684; P<0.05) between the change in Perf (ΔPerf) and supine PHF during season was found. Supine HRV indices (PHF, PT, and MSSD) for the last 3 weeks of the HRV-adjusting period correlated (rs=0.636; 0.648; 0.648, P<0.05) with ΔPerf. Based on the results, a high and relative stable vagal activity during preparation may indicate a readiness to train or appropriate recovery that positively affects Perf. In conclusion, daily quantification of ANS activity by SA HRV seems to be a promising tool for the enhancement of Perf.
- MeSH
- dospělí MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- mladý dospělý MeSH
- nervus vagus fyziologie MeSH
- sportovní výkon fyziologie MeSH
- srdeční frekvence fyziologie MeSH
- tělesná výchova metody MeSH
- Check Tag
- dospělí MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- mladý dospělý MeSH
- mužské pohlaví MeSH
- ženské pohlaví MeSH
- Publikační typ
- časopisecké články MeSH
- práce podpořená grantem MeSH
Progressive increases in exercise intensity cause significant decreases in vagal activity (VA) until a critical point called the vagal threshold (TVA) is reached. This is where further increases in exercise intensity cause negligible change in VA. This study was designed to develop the algorithm for the TVA determination and to assess the effects of age and gender on its level. The sample consisted of 40 subjects who were divided according to age and gender into 4 groups with 10 subjects each: G1-Men age 25-31, G2-Men age 40-57, G3-Women age 24-28, and G4-Women age 43-56. The vagal responses were assessed by spectral analysis of the heart rate variability method while walking on a treadmill in a steady-state at intensities of 20-70% of the maximal heart rate reserve (MHRR). The mean intensity of 45% MHRR was suggested as the TVA level which is related neither to age nor gender. Heart rate related to TVA (TVA-HR) was affected by gender. High frequency power at TVA was influenced by age. The TVA-HR was considered to be a promising tool for the prescription of a safe level of physical activity for subjects with higher risks of health complications involving elevated sympathoadrenal activity during exercise.
- MeSH
- algoritmy MeSH
- dospělí MeSH
- lidé středního věku MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- mladý dospělý MeSH
- nervus vagus fyziologie MeSH
- sexuální faktory MeSH
- spektrální analýza MeSH
- srdeční frekvence fyziologie MeSH
- věkové faktory MeSH
- zátěžový test metody MeSH
- Check Tag
- dospělí MeSH
- lidé středního věku MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- mladý dospělý MeSH
- mužské pohlaví MeSH
- ženské pohlaví MeSH
- Publikační typ
- časopisecké články MeSH
- práce podpořená grantem MeSH
