Host-Cell Repair of Animal Viruses
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BACKGROUND: Coevolution between pathogens and their hosts decreases host morbidity and mortality. Bats host and can tolerate viruses which can be lethal to other vertebrate orders, including humans. Bat adaptations to infection include localized immune response, early pathogen sensing, high interferon expression without pathogen stimulation, and regulated inflammatory response. The immune reaction is costly, and bats suppress high-cost metabolism during torpor. In the temperate zone, bats hibernate in winter, utilizing a specific behavioural adaptation to survive detrimental environmental conditions and lack of energy resources. Hibernation torpor involves major physiological changes that pose an additional challenge to bat-pathogen coexistence. Here, we compared bat cellular reaction to viral challenge under conditions simulating hibernation, evaluating the changes between torpor and euthermia. RESULTS: We infected the olfactory nerve-derived cell culture of Myotis myotis with an endemic bat pathogen, European bat lyssavirus 1 (EBLV-1). After infection, the bat cells were cultivated at two different temperatures, 37 °C and 5 °C, to examine the cell response during conditions simulating euthermia and torpor, respectively. The mRNA isolated from the cells was sequenced and analysed for differential gene expression attributable to the temperature and/or infection treatment. In conditions simulating euthermia, infected bat cells produce an excess signalling by multitude of pathways involved in apoptosis and immune regulation influencing proliferation of regulatory cell types which can, in synergy with other produced cytokines, contribute to viral tolerance. We found no up- or down-regulated genes expressed in infected cells cultivated at conditions simulating torpor compared to non-infected cells cultivated under the same conditions. When studying the reaction of uninfected cells to the temperature treatment, bat cells show an increased production of heat shock proteins (HSPs) with chaperone activity, improving the bat's ability to repair molecular structures damaged due to the stress related to the temperature change. CONCLUSIONS: The lack of bat cell reaction to infection in conditions simulating hibernation may contribute to the virus tolerance or persistence in bats. Together with the cell damage repair mechanisms induced in response to hibernation, the immune regulation may promote bats' ability to act as reservoirs of zoonotic viruses such as lyssaviruses.
- MeSH
- Chiroptera * fyziologie MeSH
- hibernace * MeSH
- Lyssavirus * MeSH
- transkriptom MeSH
- viry * MeSH
- zvířata MeSH
- Check Tag
- zvířata MeSH
- Publikační typ
- časopisecké články MeSH
- práce podpořená grantem MeSH
... Repair, Regeneration and Tissue Transplantation 96 -- I. Introduction 96 -- II. Repair 97 -- A. ... ... Defense Mechanisms of the Host 316 -- A. Local Defense Mechanisms 316 -- B. ... ... The Host-Parasite Relation 335 -- A. Types of Host-Parasite Relation 335 -- B. ... ... Factors Influencing the Host-Parasite Relation 337 -- D. ... ... The Host-Parasite Relation 347 -- References 348 -- Chapter Vili. ...
xiii, 512 stran : ilustrace, portréty ; 26 cm
- MeSH
- klinické lékařství MeSH
- nemoc klasifikace MeSH
- patologie výchova MeSH
- Publikační typ
- monografie MeSH
- Konspekt
- Patologie. Klinická medicína
- Učební osnovy. Vyučovací předměty. Učebnice
- NLK Obory
- patologie
- NLK Publikační typ
- učebnice vysokých škol
... DNA molecules are also able to induce cancer 79 -- 3.5 Tumor viruses induce multiple changes in cell ... ... by becoming part of host-cell DNA 83 -- 3.7 Retroviral genomes become integrated into the chromosomes ... ... of infected cells 87 -- 3.8 A version of the sre gene carried by RSV is also present in uninfected cells ... ... Immortalization and -- Tumorigenesis 391 -- 10.1 Normal cell populations register the number of cell ... ... cells protect themselves from destruction by -- NK cells and macrophages 765 -- 15.15 Tumor cells launch ...
2nd ed. 1 sv. (různé stránkování) : il. ; 28 cm + 1 plakát, 1 DVD-ROM
- MeSH
- biologie buňky MeSH
- genetická predispozice k nemoci MeSH
- molekulární biologie MeSH
- nádorové procesy MeSH
- nádory MeSH
- Konspekt
- Patologie. Klinická medicína
- NLK Publikační typ
- monografie
... systems 164 -- 11.8.1 Direct repair 164 -- 11.8.2 Mismatch repair 164 -- 11.8.3 Base excision repair ... ... cyclin levels during the cell cycle 189 -- 13.4 Cell cycle checkpoints 190 -- 13.5 CDK inhibitors 190 ... ... -- 13.6 The Rb protein and cell cycle regulation by signals from the cell external environment 192 - ... ... cycle control in cancer cells 195 -- MEDICAL BIOLOGY I - Cell and Molecular Biology -- 14 Cell division ... ... 262 -- 17.3.6 Lytic and lysogenic life cycle in viruses 263 -- 17.4 Interaction of animal viruses with ...
1st edition 268 stran : ilustrace ; 30 cm
- Konspekt
- Biochemie. Molekulární biologie. Biofyzika
- Učební osnovy. Vyučovací předměty. Učebnice
- NLK Obory
- biologie
- NLK Publikační typ
- učebnice vysokých škol
... , and Genomes 175 -- DNA Replication, Repair, and Recombination 237 -- How Cells Read the Genome: From ... ... -- That the Cell’s Most Important DNA Is Efficiently Repaired 271 -- The Chemistry of the DNA Bases ... ... Use a Transposition Mechanism to Move -- Themselves Into Host-Cell Chromosomes 290 -- Retroviral-like ... ... CELL MEMORY IN PLANTS AND ANIMALS -- ??? ... ... -Cdk Initiates Spindle Assembly in Prophase The Completion of Spindle Assembly in Animal Cells Requires ...
Sixth edition xxxiv, 1430 stran v různém stránkování : ilustrace (převážně barevné) ; 29 cm
- Konspekt
- Biochemie. Molekulární biologie. Biofyzika
- NLK Obory
- molekulární biologie, molekulární medicína
- NLK Publikační typ
- učebnice vysokých škol
... -- Viral Chromosomes Can Integrate Themselves into Host Chromosomes -- RNA Viruses Also Replicate Through ... ... the Formation of Complementaiy Chains -- Viral Genetic Elements Can Make Cells Cancerous How Did Viruses ... ... Reactions Simultaneously 323 -- Viruses Reveal the Existence of Highly Organized Pathways Between Host ... ... Cell Compartments 323 -- Different Viruses Follow Different Pathways Through the Cell 325 -- Summary ... ... of Migration Are Defined by the Host Connective Tissue -- The Differentiation of Neural Crest Cells ...
xxxix, 1146 s. : il., tab. ; 28 cm
- MeSH
- biologie buňky MeSH
- molekulární biologie MeSH
- Publikační typ
- monografie MeSH
- Konspekt
- Biochemie. Molekulární biologie. Biofyzika
- NLK Obory
- biologie
- cytologie, klinická cytologie
... Devilee % 296 -- A European cancer cell line resource, A. ... ... Herdewijn 329 -- DNA repair and cancer, A.R. ... ... tumour cells grown in multicellular spheroid culture, H. ... ... Schwartz 406 xiv -- Cell-cell, cell-matrix interactions in atherosclerotic plaque and smooth muscle differentiation ... ... Vrensen 594 -- The human haematopoietic stem cell, S. ...
Biomedical and health research, ISSN 0929-6743 vol. 9
xxxix, 744 s. ; 24 cm
... Range of Viruses 307 Methods Used to Study Viruses 308 -- Many Host Cells Can Be Cultivated in the Laboratory ... ... 308 Animal Viruses Can Also Form Plaque 309 Virus Infection of Cells May Change Their Appearance 309 ... ... 318 -- Interactions of Animal Viruses with Their Hosts— -- Overview 319 -- Acute Infections Result in ... ... DNA in the Host Cells 322 -- Tumors Caused by RNA Viruses Involve the Making of a DNA Copy of the Viral ... ... RNA, Which Is then Integrated into the Chromosome of the Host Cell 323 Viruses and Tumors in Humans ...
XXVIII, 812 s. : il. ; 32 cm
... 912 -- 19 DNA Technology 369 42 Animal Reproduction 937 -- 43 Animal Development 963 -- UNIT FOUR 44 ... ... are encased by cell walls 134 -- The extracellular matrix (ECM) of animal cells functions in support ... ... -- The Reproduction of Cells 204 -- Cell division functions in reproduction, growth, and repair 204 - ... ... in a protein shell 325 -- Viruses can only reproduce within a host cell 326 -- Phages exhibit two reproductive ... ... cycles: the lytic and lysogenic cycles 327 -- Animal viruses are diverse in their modes of infection ...
Fourth edition 1206, 32 stran : ilustrace ; 29 cm
