BACKGROUND: A laparoscopy-based scoring system was developed by Fagotti et al (Fagotti or Predictive Index value (PIV)score) based on the intraoperative presence or absence of carcinomatosis on predefined sites. Later, the authors updated the PIV score calculated only in the absence of one or both absolute criteria of nonresectability (mesenteric retraction and miliary carcinomatosis of the small bowel) (updated PIV model). OBJECTIVE: The aim was to demonstrate the noninferiority of ultrasound to other imaging methods (contrast enhanced computed tomography (CT) and whole-body diffusion-weighted magnetic resonance imaging (WB-DWI)/MRI) in predicting nonresectable tumor (defined as residual disease >1 cm) using the updated PIV model in patients with tubo-ovarian cancer. The agreement between imaging and intraoperative findings as a reference was also calculated. STUDY DESIGN: This was a European prospective multicenter observational study. We included patients with suspected tubo-ovarian carcinoma who underwent preoperative staging and prediction of nonresectability at ultrasound, CT, WB-DWI/MRI, and surgical exploration. Ultrasound and CT were mandatory index tests, while WB-DWI/MRI was an optional test (non-available in all centers). The predictors of nonresectability were suspicious mesenteric retraction and/or miliary carcinomatosis of the small bowel or if absent, a PIV >8 (updated PIV model). The PIV score ranges from 0 to 12 according to the presence of disease in 6 predefined intra-abdominal sites (great omentum, liver surface, lesser omentum/stomach/spleen, parietal peritoneum, diaphragms, bowel serosa/mesentery). The reference standard was surgical outcome, in terms of residual disease >1 cm, assessed by laparoscopy and/or laparotomy. The area under the receiver operating characteristic curve (AUC) to assess the performance of the methods in predicting nonresectability was reported. Concordance between index tests at the detection of disease at 6 predefined sites and intraoperative exploration as reference standard was also calculated using Cohen's kappa. RESULTS: The study was between 2018 and 2022 in 5 European gynecological oncology centers. Data from 242 patients having both mandatory index tests (ultrasound and CT) were analyzed. 145/242 (59.9%) patients had no macroscopic residual tumor after surgery (R0) (5/145 laparoscopy and 140/145 laparotomy) and 17/242 (7.0%) had residual tumor ≤1 cm (R1) (laparotomy). In 80/242 patients (33.1%), the residual tumor was>1 cm (R2), 30 of them underwent laparotomy and maximum surgery was carried out, and 50/80 underwent laparoscopy only, because cytoreduction was not feasible in all of them. After excluding 18/242 (7.4%) patients operated on but not eligible for extensive surgery, the predictive performance of 3 imaging methods was analyzed in 167 women. The AUCs of all methods in discriminating between resectable and nonresectable tumor was 0.80 for ultrasound, 0.76 for CT, 0.71 for WB-DWI/MRI, and 0.90 for surgical exploration. Ultrasound had the highest agreement (Cohen's kappa ranging from 0.59 to 0.79) than CT and WB-DWI/MRI to assess all parameters included in the updated PIV model. CONCLUSION: Ultrasound showed noninferiority to CT and to WB-DWI/MRI in discriminating between resectable and nonresectable tumor using the updated PIV model. Ultrasound had the best agreement between imaging and intraoperative findings in the assessment of parameters included in the updated PIV model. Ultrasound is an acceptable method to assess abdominal disease and predict nonresectability in patients with tubo-ovarian cancer in the hands of specially trained ultrasound examiners.

• MeSH
• Diffusion Magnetic Resonance Imaging methods   MeSH
• Adult MeSH
• Laparoscopy methods   MeSH
• Middle Aged MeSH
• Humans MeSH
• Ovarian Neoplasms * diagnostic imaging   surgery   pathology   MeSH
• Tomography, X-Ray Computed * MeSH
• Predictive Value of Tests * MeSH
• Prospective Studies MeSH
• Neoplasm, Residual diagnostic imaging   MeSH
• Aged MeSH
• Neoplasm Staging MeSH
• Ultrasonography MeSH
• Check Tag
• Adult MeSH
• Middle Aged MeSH
• Humans MeSH
• Aged MeSH
• Female MeSH
• Publication type
• Journal Article MeSH
• Multicenter Study MeSH
• Observational Study MeSH

PURPOSE: To compare the ability of Prostate Health Index (PHI) to diagnose csPCa, with that of total PSA, PSA density (PSAD) and the multiparametric magnetic resonance (mpMRI) of the prostate. METHODS: We analysed a group of 395 men planned for a prostate biopsy who underwent a mpMRI of the prostate evaluated using the PIRADS v1 criteria. All patients had their PHI measured before prostate biopsy. In patients with an mpMRI suspicious lesions, an mpMRI/ultrasound software fusion-guided biopsy was performed first, with 12 core systematic biopsy performed in all patients. A ROC analysis was performed for PCa detection for total PSA, PSAD, PIRADS score and PHI; with an AUC curve calculated for all criteria and a combination of PIRADS score and PHI. Subsequent sub-analyses included patients undergoing first and repeat biopsy. RESULTS: The AUC for predicting the presence of csPCa in all patients was 59.5 for total PSA, 69.7 for PHI, 64.9 for PSAD and 62.5 for PIRADS. In biopsy naive patients it was 61.6 for total PSA, 68.9 for PHI, 64.6 for PSAD and 63.1 for PIRADS. In patients with previous negative biopsy the AUC for total PSA, PHI, PSAD and PIRADS was 55.4, 71.2, 64.4 and 69.3, respectively. Adding of PHI to PIRADS increased significantly (p = 0.007) the accuracy for prediction of csPCa. CONCLUSION: Prostate Health Index could serve as a tool in predicting csPCa. When compared to the mpMRI, it shows comparable results. The PHI cannot, however, help us guide prostate biopsies in any way, and its main use may, therefore, be in pre-MRI or pre-biopsy triage.

• MeSH
• Middle Aged MeSH
• Humans MeSH
• Multiparametric Magnetic Resonance Imaging * MeSH
• Prostatic Neoplasms diagnostic imaging   pathology   MeSH
• Predictive Value of Tests MeSH
• Retrospective Studies MeSH
• Aged MeSH
• Image-Guided Biopsy MeSH
• Check Tag
• Middle Aged MeSH
• Humans MeSH
• Male MeSH
• Aged MeSH
• Publication type
• Journal Article MeSH
• Multicenter Study MeSH
• Comparative Study MeSH

Cardiac arrhythmias are a very frequent illness. Pharmacotherapy is not very effective in persistent arrhythmias and brings along a number of risks. Catheter ablation has became an effective and curative treatment method over the past 20 years. To support complex arrhythmia ablations, the 3D X-ray cardiac cavities imaging is used, most frequently the 3D reconstruction of CT images. The 3D cardiac rotational angiography (3DRA) represents a modern method enabling to create CT like 3D images on a standard X-ray machine equipped with special software. Its advantage lies in the possibility to obtain images during the procedure, decreased radiation dose and reduction of amount of the contrast agent. The left atrium model is the one most frequently used for complex atrial arrhythmia ablations, particularly for atrial fibrillation. CT data allow for creation and segmentation of 3D models of all cardiac cavities. Recently, a research has been made proving the use of 3DRA to create 3D models of other cardiac (right ventricle, left ventricle, aorta) and non-cardiac structures (oesophagus). They can be used during catheter ablation of complex arrhythmias to improve orientation during the construction of 3D electroanatomic maps, directly fused with 3D electroanatomic systems and/or fused with fluoroscopy. An intensive development in the 3D model creation and use has taken place over the past years and they became routinely used during catheter ablations of arrhythmias, mainly atrial fibrillation ablation procedures. Further development may be anticipated in the future in both the creation and use of these models.

• MeSH
• Action Potentials MeSH
• Surgery, Computer-Assisted MeSH
• Radiography, Interventional MeSH
• Catheter Ablation methods   MeSH
• Coronary Angiography methods   MeSH
• Humans MeSH
• Multidetector Computed Tomography methods   MeSH
• Predictive Value of Tests MeSH
• Heart Conduction System physiopathology   radiography   surgery   MeSH
• Radiographic Image Interpretation, Computer-Assisted * MeSH
• Software MeSH
• Arrhythmias, Cardiac physiopathology   radiography   surgery   MeSH
• Imaging, Three-Dimensional * MeSH
• Animals MeSH
• Check Tag
• Humans MeSH
• Animals MeSH
• Publication type
• Journal Article MeSH
• Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't MeSH
• Review MeSH

V souboru 500 pacientů bylo realizováno bronchoskopické vyšetření v NBI modu a následně v bílém světle (WL). Indikací k vyšetření byl patologický CT nebo rtg nález ve 420 případech (84,0 %), hemoptýza v 33 (6,6 %), follow-up po operaci pro plicní nádor 12 (2,4 %), follow-up po chemoterapii a po radioterapii v 21 (4,2 %) a follow-up po neoadjuvantní chemoterapii v 14 (2,8 %) případech. Patologické nálezy v NBI modu byly rozděleny do 4 skupin: 1. obraz “tečkovaných“ cév s klikatým průběhem (dotted vessels with tortuous course), 2. obraz abruptovaných cév (abrupt-ending vessels) s narušenou architektonikou, 3. avaskulární obraz typický pro nekrózu a 4. obraz uniformně zmnožených cév. Patologické nálezy v bílém světle byly hodnoceny dle obecně platných kritérii svědčících pro patologický maligní proces. Z místa každého patologického nálezu v obou modech byla provedena biopsie k histologickému vyšetření. Výsledky histologických vyšetření byly hodnoceny s ohledem na relativní senzitivitu a relativní míru falešně pozitivních výsledků oproti WL. Statistická významnost byla určena prostřednictvím McNemarova testu. Patologický bronchoskopický obraz byl nalezen celkově u 382 pacientů (76,4 %). Pozitivní nález v NBI i WL modu byl detekován u 331 pacientů (66,2 %). Nesouhlasný nález NBI–/WL+ byl zjištěn u 29 případů (5,8 %) a NBI+/WL– u 22 případů (4,4 %). Byla provedena analýza relativní senzitivity a míry falešně pozitivních výsledků NBI oproti WL pro histologické nálezy zhoubného nádoru nebo těžké dysplazie. Relativní senzitivita NBI oproti WL je 1,06 (p < 0,01; senzitivita NBI je významně vyšší). Relativní míra falešně pozitivních výsledků NBI oproti WL je 0,91 (p = 0,01; míra falešně pozitivních výsledků je u NBI významně nižší). Provedené statistické hodnocení ukazuje statisticky významné zvýšení přesnosti vyšetření ve srovnání s WL. NBI vyšetření dobře odliší nekrotickou avaskulární oblast v tumoru od viabilní tkáně. To vede k přesnějšímu určení nejvhodnějšího místa k odběru bioptického materiálu.

• MeSH
• Bronchoscopy * methods   MeSH
• Diagnostic Techniques, Respiratory System MeSH
• Diagnostic Imaging MeSH
• False Positive Reactions MeSH
• Histological Techniques methods   MeSH
• Clinical Studies as Topic MeSH
• Humans MeSH
• Lung Neoplasms * diagnostic imaging   MeSH
• Lung diagnostic imaging   MeSH
• Predictive Value of Tests MeSH
• Statistics as Topic MeSH
• Narrow Band Imaging * methods   MeSH
• Check Tag
• Humans MeSH
• Male MeSH
• Female MeSH

Cílem sdělení je seznámit s novými zobrazovacími metodami používanými k neinvazivní diagnostice onemocnění prsu - magnetickou rezonancí (MR) a scintimamografií (SM). Na souboru 277 žen, u nichž bylo provedeno 187 MR a 259 SM, popisují autoři vlastní zkušenosti s oběma druhy vyšetření. Podrobněji je rozebrán soubor histologický ověřených nálezů ve 153 prsech, na němž byly zhodnoceny možnosti diferenciální diagnostiky benigních a maligních lézí prsu. Dosažené výsledky senzitivity, specificity, pozitivní a negativní prediktivní ceny byly pro MR 1 78,9 %, 87,3 %, 75,0 %, 89,6 %, pro SM 80,0 %, 89,9 %, 78,0 %, 90,9 %. MR i SM stojí v diagnostickém algoritmu zobrazování prsu za mamografií a ultrazvukovým vyšetřením, které nadále zůstávají základními metodami pro zobrazování onemocnění prsu. MR a SM mohou pomoci snížit narůstající počty invazivních diagnostických výkonů. Jsou indikovány zejména při diferenciální diagnostice mezi benigními a maligními lézemi, k odlišení pooperačních a postiradiačních změn od recidívy, k vyloučení multifokálních, multicentrických a bilaterálnich lézí a pri vyšetření prsní žlázy s implantáty.

The objective of the paper is to provide information on new imaging methods used for the non-invasive diagnosis of breast disease - magnetic resonance (MR) and scintimammography (SM). Based on a group of 277 women where 187 MR and 259 SM were carried out the authors describe their own experience with both types of examinations. They discuss in more detail the group of histologically confirmed findings in 153 breasts where they evaluated the possibilities of differential diagnosis of benign and malignant breast lesions. The achieved results of sensitivity, specificity, positive and negative predictive value for MR were 78.9 %, 87.3 %, 75%, 89.6%, for SM 90.0%, 89.9%, 78.0% and 90.9%. MR and SM have their place in the diagnostic algorithm of breast imaging after mammographic and ultrasonographic examinations which still remain the basic methods for imaging of breast disease. MR and SM may help to reduce the increasing numbers of invasive diagnostic procedures. They are indicated in particular in the differential diagnosis of benign and malignant lesions, for differentiating postoperative and postirradiation changes from relapses, to rule out multifocal, multicentric and bilateral lesions and for examination of mammary glands with implants.

• MeSH
• Adult MeSH
• Carcinoma MeSH
• Middle Aged MeSH
• Humans MeSH
• Magnetic Resonance Imaging methods   MeSH
• Adolescent MeSH
• Breast Diseases diagnosis   MeSH
• Radionuclide Imaging methods   MeSH
• Aged MeSH
• Check Tag
• Adult MeSH
• Middle Aged MeSH
• Humans MeSH
• Adolescent MeSH
• Aged MeSH
• Female MeSH
• Publication type
• Review MeSH

BACKGROUND: One option for the palliative treatment of recurrent malignant pleural effusion is powdered talc using thoracoscopy. This paper presents the results of selected systemic and local manifestations of the talc-induced inflammatory reaction using a videothoracoscope. METHOD: A total of 114 patients with repeated malignant pleural effusion were treated at the Cardiac Surgery Clinic in Hradec Kralove from January 2010 to December 2012. Those with a life expectancy more than ≥ 3 months were eligible for talcage surgery. The group was retrospectively divided according to treatment results into Group A (N1 = 98 - successful) and Group B (N2 = 16 - relapsing). The pleural effusion was quantified using ultrasound over 1 year at 3-month intervals. Systemic changes due to the inflammatory reaction (body temperature, serum leukocyte and CRP levels) were evaluated. Local indicators of inflammation included changes in the leukocyte cell population in the effusion and changes in the pleural CRP levels. The dynamics of local expression of membrane receptors TLR-2 and CD-64 on granulocyte and monocyte cell populations in the pleural effusion were also evaluated. RESULTS: The reaction after talcage, included a significant increase in axillary temperature and leukocyte count, 12 h after the procedure. The dynamics were different in the two groups. The dynamics of local inflammatory changes were an early increase in the pleural CRP levels in both groups. The time interval of local inflammatory development and duration was related to the treatment efficacy and showed a significant rise 2 h after talcage in Group A. In Group B the local inflammatory reaction was slower and the rise was only observed 24 h after talc application. A decrease in lymphocyte count and an increase in granulocyte count 2 h after talcage were found. After an initial drop in monocyte level, a rise occurred within 24 h after talcage. Changes in the expression of TLR-2 and CD-64 receptors in relation to their cell carriers were observed depending on time after talcage. CONCLUSION: The differences in the serum and pleural effusion CRP levels suggest that the surgical stress manifests itself locally in the pleural space with a lower intensity and time delay. The TLR-2 and CD-64 receptors exhibit different behaviour depending on the type of cell membrane where they are found. The inverse relation between the granulocyte increase and TLR-2 receptor decrease in the membrane immediately after talcage is a new finding. The dynamics of TLR-2 expression on the monocytes demonstrates a direct proportion between the increasing expression of the TLR-2 receptor and increasing percent fraction of the cell carrier.

• MeSH
• C-Reactive Protein metabolism   MeSH
• Length of Stay MeSH
• Leukocytes physiology   MeSH
• Middle Aged MeSH
• Humans MeSH
• Lymphoma complications   MeSH
• Pleural Effusion, Malignant diagnostic imaging   etiology   therapy   MeSH
• Talc administration & dosage   adverse effects   MeSH
• Neoplasm Metastasis MeSH
• Mesothelioma complications   MeSH
• Lung Neoplasms complications   MeSH
• Palliative Care methods   MeSH
• Pleurisy chemically induced   MeSH
• Pleurodesis adverse effects   methods   MeSH
• Predictive Value of Tests MeSH
• Recurrence MeSH
• Retrospective Studies MeSH
• Aged MeSH
• Body Temperature physiology   MeSH
• Thoracoscopy methods   MeSH
• Ultrasonography MeSH
• Treatment Outcome MeSH
• Check Tag
• Middle Aged MeSH
• Humans MeSH
• Male MeSH
• Aged MeSH
• Female MeSH
• Publication type
• Journal Article MeSH
• Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't MeSH

PURPOSE: Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) is a promising tool for risk assessment, potentially reducing the burden of unnecessary prostate biopsies. Risk prediction models that incorporate MRI data have gained attention, but their external validation and comparison are essential for guiding clinical practice. The aim is to externally validate and compare risk prediction models for the diagnosis of clinically significant prostate cancer (csPCa). METHODS: A cohort of 4606 patients across fifteen European tertiary referral centers were identified from a prospective maintained database between January 2016 and April 2023. Transrectal or transperineal image-fusion MRI-targeted and systematic biopsies for PI-RADS score of ≥ 3 or ≥ 2 depending on patient characteristics and physician preferences. Probabilities for csPCa, defined as International Society of Urological Pathology (ISUP) grade ≥ 2, were calculated for each patients using eight models. Performance was characterized by area under the receiver operating characteristic curve (AUC), calibration, and net benefit. Subgroup analyses were performed across various clinically relevant subgroups. RESULTS: Overall, csPCa was detected in 2154 (47%) patients. The models exhibited satisfactory performance, demonstrating good discrimination (AUC ranging from 0.75 to 0.78, p < 0.001), adequate calibration, and high net benefit. The model described by Alberts showed the highest clinical utility for threshold probabilities between 10 and 20%. Subgroup analyses highlighted variations in models' performance, particularly when stratified according to PSA level, biopsy technique and PI-RADS version. CONCLUSIONS: We report a comprehensive external validation of risk prediction models for csPCa diagnosis in patients who underwent MRI-targeted and systematic biopsies. The model by Alberts demonstrated superior clinical utility and should be favored when determining the need for a prostate biopsy.

• MeSH
• Risk Assessment methods   MeSH
• Middle Aged MeSH
• Humans MeSH
• Magnetic Resonance Imaging * methods   MeSH
• Prostatic Neoplasms * pathology   diagnostic imaging   MeSH
• Predictive Value of Tests MeSH
• Prostate * pathology   diagnostic imaging   MeSH
• Aged MeSH
• Image-Guided Biopsy methods   MeSH
• Check Tag
• Middle Aged MeSH
• Humans MeSH
• Male MeSH
• Aged MeSH
• Publication type
• Journal Article MeSH
• Multicenter Study MeSH
• Comparative Study MeSH
• Validation Study MeSH

Cíl: Analýza prediktivních parametrů pro nález karcinomu prostaty (KP) v saturační biopsii prostaty (SBP) a porovnání s kontrolním souborem standardních rebiopsií prostaty. Metoda: V období září 2010 až leden 2012 jsme provedli na našem pracovišti celkem 108 SBP. Saturační biopsii vždy předcházela nejméně jedna standardní biopsie s negativním nebo suspektním výsledkem. U všech pacientů byly zaznamenány hodnoty celkového a volného prostatického specifického antigenu (PSA), velikost prostaty dle transrektální sonografie (TRUS), PSA denzita, počet odebraných vzorků, celková délka vzorků v milimetrech, histologický nález, počet pozitivních vzorků a délka KP v milimetrech, Gleasonovo skóre (GS), počet předchozích biopsii a celkový počet předchozích vzorků. Kontrolní soubor tvořila skupina pacientů se shodnými vstupními parametry, kteří místo SBP podstoupili další standardní biopsii. Vztahy mezi proměnnými byly stanoveny metodou Spearmanova koeficientu korelace. Kontrolní soubor byl vybrán pomocí Wilcoxonova testu, porovnání souboru SBP a kontrolního souboru i hodnocení vlivu vstupních parametrů na záchyt KP při SBP bylo provedeno metodou chi-square testu. Výsledky: Střední věk pacientů byl 64 let (50-83), průměrná hladina celkového PSA 10,4 ng/ml (2,64-39,7), průměrná PSA denzita 0, 229 (0,043-1,329), klinická klasifikace Tle byla stanovena u 65,1% pacientů. Suspektní palpační nález byl přítomen u 21,7% a suspektní TRUS obraz u 28,3% pacientů. Střední velikost prostaty byla 52 g (17-116). V předchozích standardních biopsiích bylo odebráno průměrně 24 (8-64) vzorků. Bylo zaznamenáno celkem pět komplikací, dvakrát febrilní stav a třikrát enterorhagie bez nutnosti krevních převodů. Adenokarcinom prostaty byl diagnostikován celkem u 35 pacientů (33%) v 1-8 vzorcích. Ve většině případů bylo popsáno GS 6 (3 + 3). Pouze pět pacientů vstoupilo při nálezu KP do protokolu aktivního sledování. V kontrolní skupině 98 pacientů se standardní biopsií byl KP diagnostikován ve 22 % případů (p = 0, 0928). Poměr volného a vázaného PSA (p = 0,0302) a hmatný nález per rektum (p = 0,0125) byly statisticky signifikantní faktory pro predikci pozitivní SBR. Závěr: Saturační biopsie prostaty je bezpečnou metodou diagnostiky KP. Na základě klinických parametrů je možné pouze v omezené míře předpovědět výsledek SBR V porovnání se standardní biopsií vykazuje SBP vyšší záchyt KP.

Aim: The aim of this study was to identify parameters predictive of prostate cancer (PC) in saturation prostate biopsy (SPB) and its comparison to outcomes of prostate re-biopsy using the standard technique. Methods: A total of 108 patients underwent SPB at the Dpt. of Urology, General Teaching Hospital, Prague between September 2010 and January 2012. Prior to SPB each patient underwent at least one standard biopsy with negative or suspicious result. In addition following parameters were recorded in each patient: Total and free prostate-specific antigen (PSA) value, prostate size, PSA density, number of cores, total length of cores, histological result, number of positive cores, length of PC in millimeters, Gleason score (GS), number of previous biopsies and a total number of cores taken in standard biopsies. The results of SPB were compared to a control group of patients with identical initial parameters that had undergone re-biopsy using the standard prostate biopsy. Relationships between variables were assessed using Spearman's rank correlation coefficient. Control group was selected using the Wilcoxon test. Comparison between the SPB and standard biopsy groups, as well as the effect of baseline parameters on detection of PC was done using the chi-square test. Results: Median age was 64 years (50-83), mean PSA level was 10.4 ng/ml (2.64-39.7), mean PSA density was 0.229 (0.043-1.329). Tic classification was recorded in 65.1% of cases. Positive digital rectal exam (DRE) and ultrasonogra-phy finding was present in 21.7% and 28.3% of patients, respectively. Median prostate size was 52 g (17-116). A total of 5 complications was recorded; two septic reactions and three cases of enterorrhagia. Prostate cancer was detected in a total of 35 patients (33%) in 1-8 biopsy cores. Most cases were classified as Gleason score 6 (3 + 3). Only five patients with PC entered an active surveillance protocol. Prostate cancer was found in 22% of cases from the control group of 98 standard biopsies (p = 0.0928). The ratio of free to total PSA (p = 0.0302) and positive DRE (p = 0.0125) were statistically significant in predicting PC detection in SPB. Conclusion: Saturation prostate biopsy is a safe method of PC detection. Clinical data showed limited potential of predicting the result of SPB. SPB has a significantly higher PC detection rate compared to standard biopsy.

• Keywords
• diagnostika, transrektální sonografie,
• MeSH
• Financing, Organized MeSH
• Middle Aged MeSH
• Humans MeSH
• Prostatic Neoplasms * blood   pathology   ultrasonography   MeSH
• Predictive Value of Tests * MeSH
• Prostate-Specific Antigen * analysis   blood   MeSH
• Biopsy, Fine-Needle * methods   statistics & numerical data   MeSH
• Ultrasonography methods   statistics & numerical data   MeSH
• Check Tag
• Middle Aged MeSH
• Humans MeSH
• Male MeSH

INTRODUCTION: Narrow Band Imaging (NBI) is an endoscopic optical imaging enhancement technology that improves the contrast of mucosal surface texture and enhances visualization of mucosal and submucosal vasculature. Due to its properties, it can visualize suspected malignant or precancerous lesions earlier than conventional white light endoscopy. The aim of this study was to analyze the benefit of NBI in visualization of precancerous and malignant lesions in preoperative and intraoperative diagnostics and correlation with histopathologic results. METHODS: A total of 589 patients with suspicious laryngeal or hypopharyngeal lesion were investigated using conventional white light endoscopy (WLE) and NBI endoscopy with high-definition TV (HDTV NBI) from 10/2013 to 12/2019. Patients were divided into two groups based on pre-operative NBI examination (group A, 345 patients) and intraoperative NBI examination (group B, 244 patients). All suspicious lesions were graded to 5 types of Ni classification and correlated with histopathologic results. The SPSS version 8.0.4 statistical software package was used for statistical analysis. In diagnosing premalignant and malignant lesions sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value, and negative predictive value were calculated. RESULTS: The agreement between NBI endoscopy and histopathological analysis in group A was statistically significant (Қ = 0.76, p < 0.001), with a sensitivity of 86.2% (95% IS: 65.4-95.2) and specificity of 90.9% (95% IS: 70.6-94.1). Moreover, in group B was proven almost perfect agreement between NBI and histopathological analysis (Қ = 0.8461, p < 0.001), with a sensitivity of 84.0% (95% IS: 60.2-92.4) and specificity of 96.0% (95% IS: 87.0-99.2). CONCLUSIONS: Based on our results, NBI using the Ni classification has great potential in improving diagnosis of precancerous and malignant lesions and correlates strongly with histopathologic results. It serves as a useful adjunct to white light endoscopy in the diagnosis of laryngeal and hypopharyngeal lesions, especially using HDTV NBI.

• MeSH
• Diagnosis, Differential MeSH
• Adult MeSH
• Hypopharynx diagnostic imaging   MeSH
• Laryngoscopy MeSH
• Middle Aged MeSH
• Humans MeSH
• Pharyngeal Neoplasms diagnostic imaging   MeSH
• Laryngeal Neoplasms diagnostic imaging   MeSH
• Pharyngeal Diseases diagnostic imaging   MeSH
• Laryngeal Diseases diagnostic imaging   MeSH
• Predictive Value of Tests MeSH
• Precancerous Conditions diagnostic imaging   MeSH
• Prospective Studies MeSH
• Aged, 80 and over MeSH
• Aged MeSH
• Sensitivity and Specificity MeSH
• Narrow Band Imaging methods   MeSH
• Check Tag
• Adult MeSH
• Middle Aged MeSH
• Humans MeSH
• Male MeSH
• Aged, 80 and over MeSH
• Aged MeSH
• Female MeSH
• Publication type
• Journal Article MeSH

It has been shown that besides positron emission tomography, single photon emission computed tomography and magnetic resonance imaging; contrast echocardiography can be used for qualitative and quantitative myocardial perfusion assessment. In this review, the properties of ultrasound contrast agents, imaging techniques and acquisition methods are shortly described and the possibilities of perfusion echocardiography are summarized. The main focus is put on the description of three perfusion models: mathematical models, physical models assuming an ideal inflow and physical models including inflow measurement.

• MeSH
• Echocardiography MeSH
• Image Interpretation, Computer-Assisted MeSH
• Contrast Media diagnostic use   MeSH
• Coronary Circulation MeSH
• Humans MeSH
• Models, Cardiovascular MeSH
• Predictive Value of Tests MeSH
• Myocardial Perfusion Imaging methods   MeSH
• Animals MeSH
• Check Tag
• Humans MeSH
• Animals MeSH
• Publication type
• Review MeSH