Q21522251
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Pro všední den, ISSN 2464-6245 90.
Vydání 1. 23 stran : barevné ilustrace, faksimile ; 21 cm
Publikace z Mikrobiologického ústavu AV ČR, v. v. i., přináší přehled dosud vydaných známek s tematikou mikroskpických hub.; Přehled dosud vydaných poštovních známek s tematikou mikroskopických hub.
- Konspekt
- Poštovní služby a správa
- NLK Obory
- humanitní vědy a umění
- NLK Publikační typ
- brožury
- MeSH
- filatelie * MeSH
- houby * MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- peniciliny MeSH
- významné osobnosti MeSH
- Check Tag
- lidé MeSH
- O autorovi
- Fleming, Alexander, 1881-1955 Autorita
- MeSH
- dějiny 20. století MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- objevování léků dějiny MeSH
- peniciliny * dějiny MeSH
- Check Tag
- dějiny 20. století MeSH
- lidé MeSH
Movile Cave, a unique groundwater ecosystem in southern Romania, was discovered in 1986. This chemoautotrophic cave contains an abundant and diverse fauna with terrestrial and aquatic invertebrate communities, including 33 endemic species. Since its discovery, studies have focused mainly on cave chemoautotrophic bacteria, while the microfungal community has been largely neglected. In this study, we determined the microfungal species living on various substrates in Movile Cave and compared this spectrum with the mycobiota detected outside the cave (outside air-borne and soil-borne microfungi). To investigate all of the niches, we collected samples for two consecutive years from the dry part of the cave (cave air and sediment, corroded limestone walls, isopod feces, and isopod and spider cadavers) and from the post-siphon part of the cave, i.e., Airbell II (sediment and floating microbial mat). A total of 123 microfungal species were identified from among several hundred isolates. Of these, 96 species were only detected in the cave environment and not outside of the cave, while 90 species were from the dry part of the cave and 28 were from Airbell II. The most diverse genera were Penicillium (at least 18 species) and Aspergillus (14 species), followed by Cladosporium (9 species). Surprisingly, high CFU counts of air-borne microfungi were found inside the cave; they were even higher than outside the cave during the first year of investigation.
Aspergillus candidus is a species frequently isolated from stored grain, food, indoor environments, soil and occasionally also from clinical material. Recent bioprospecting studies highlighted the potential of using A. candidus and its relatives in various industrial sectors as a result of their significant production of enzymes and bioactive compounds. A high genetic variability was observed among A. candidus isolates originating from various European countries and the USA, that were mostly isolated from indoor environments, caves and clinical material. The A. candidus sensu lato isolates were characterized by DNA sequencing of four genetic loci, and agreement between molecular species delimitation results, morphological characters and exometabolite spectra were studied. Classical phylogenetic methods (maximum likelihood, Bayesian inference) and species delimitation methods based on the multispecies coalescent model supported recognition of up to three species in A. candidus sensu lato. After evaluation of phenotypic data, a broader species concept was adopted, and only one new species, Aspergillus dobrogensis, was proposed. This species is represented by 22 strains originating from seven countries (ex-type strain CCF 4651T=NRRL 62821T=IBT 32697T=CBS 143370T) and its differentiation from A. candidus is relevant for bioprospecting studies because these species have different exometabolite profiles. Evaluation of the antifungal susceptibility of section Candidi members to six antifungals using the reference EUCAST method showed that all species have low minimum inhibitory concentrations for all tested antifungals. These results suggest applicability of a wide spectrum of antifungal agents for treatment of infections caused by species from section Candidi.
- MeSH
- akademie a ústavy MeSH
- houby MeSH
- kongresy jako téma MeSH
- mikrobiologie trendy MeSH
- mykologické určovací techniky MeSH
- mykologie * MeSH
- Publikační typ
- zprávy MeSH
