Banana Fusarium wilt caused by Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. cubense (Foc) is one of the most destructive soil-borne diseases. In this study, young tissue-cultured plantlets of banana (Musa spp. AAA) cultivars differing in Foc susceptibility were used to reveal their differential responses to this pathogen using digital gene expression (DGE). Data were evaluated by various bioinformatic tools (Venn diagrams, gene ontology (GO) annotation and Kyoto encyclopedia of genes and genomes (KEGG) pathway analyses) and immunofluorescence labelling method to support the identification of gene candidates determining the resistance of banana against Foc. Interestingly, we have identified MaWRKY50 as an important gene involved in both constitutive and induced resistance. We also identified new genes involved in the resistance of banana to Foc, including several other transcription factors (TFs), pathogenesis-related (PR) genes and some genes related to the plant cell wall biosynthesis or degradation (e.g., pectinesterases, β-glucosidases, xyloglucan endotransglucosylase/hydrolase and endoglucanase). The resistant banana cultivar shows activation of PR-3 and PR-4 genes as well as formation of different constitutive cell barriers to restrict spreading of the pathogen. These data suggest new mechanisms of banana resistance to Foc.

• MeSH
• anotace sekvence MeSH
• banánovník genetika   mikrobiologie   MeSH
• fluorescenční protilátková technika MeSH
• Fusarium * MeSH
• genová ontologie MeSH
• kořeny rostlin genetika   MeSH
• náchylnost k nemoci MeSH
• nemoci rostlin genetika   mikrobiologie   MeSH
• odolnost vůči nemocem MeSH
• polymerázová řetězová reakce MeSH
• regulace genové exprese u rostlin * MeSH
• stanovení celkové genové exprese MeSH
• transkriptom * MeSH
• výpočetní biologie metody   MeSH
• Publikační typ
• časopisecké články MeSH

Banana Fusarium wilt caused by Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. cubense (Foc) is soil-borne disease of banana (Musa spp.) causing significant economic losses. Extensins and arabinogalactan proteins (AGPs) are cell wall components important for pathogen defence. Their significance for Foc resistance in banana was not reported so far. In this study, two banana cultivars differing in Foc sensitivity were used to monitor the changes in transcript levels, abundance and distribution of extensins and AGPs after wounding and Foc inoculation. Extensins mainly appeared in the root cap and meristematic cells. AGPs recognized by JIM13, JIM8, PN16.4B4 and CCRC-M134 antibodies located in root hairs, xylem and root cap. Individual AGPs and extensins showed specific radial distribution in banana roots. At the transcript level, seven extensins and 23 AGPs were differentially expressed between two banana cultivars before and after treatments. Two extensins and five AGPs responded to the treatments at the protein level. Most extensins and AGPs were up-regulated by wounding and pathogen inoculation of intact plants but down-regulated by pathogen attack of wounded plants. Main components responsible for the resistance of banana were MaELP-2 and MaPELP-2. Our data revealed that AGPs and extensins represent dynamic cell wall components involved in wounding and Foc resistance.

• MeSH
• banánovník mikrobiologie   fyziologie   MeSH
• epitopy imunologie   MeSH
• Fusarium * MeSH
• glykoproteiny genetika   metabolismus   MeSH
• interakce hostitele a patogenu genetika   MeSH
• kořeny rostlin genetika   metabolismus   mikrobiologie   MeSH
• mukoproteiny genetika   metabolismus   MeSH
• nemoci rostlin genetika   mikrobiologie   MeSH
• odolnost vůči nemocem genetika   MeSH
• regulace genové exprese u rostlin * MeSH
• rostlinné proteiny genetika   imunologie   metabolismus   MeSH
• transport proteinů MeSH
• Publikační typ
• časopisecké články MeSH
• práce podpořená grantem MeSH
• Research Support, U.S. Gov't, Non-P.H.S. MeSH

Banana is one of the most important food and fruit crops in the world and its growth is ceasing at 10-17 °C. However, the mechanisms determining the tolerance of banana to mild (>15 °C) and moderate chilling (10-15 °C) are elusive. Furthermore, the biochemical controls over the photosynthesis in tropical plant species at low temperatures above 10 °C is not well understood. The purpose of this research was to reveal the response of chilling-sensitive banana to mild (16 °C) and moderate chilling stress (10 °C) at the molecular (transcripts, proteins) and physiological levels. The results showed different transcriptome responses between mild and moderate chilling stresses, especially in pathways of plant hormone signal transduction, ABC transporters, ubiquinone, and other terpenoid-quinone biosynthesis. Interestingly, functions related to carbon fixation were assigned preferentially to upregulated genes/proteins, while photosynthesis and photosynthesis-antenna proteins were downregulated at 10 °C, as revealed by both digital gene expression and proteomic analysis. These results were confirmed by qPCR and immunofluorescence labeling methods. Conclusion: Banana responded to the mild chilling stress dramatically at the molecular level. To compensate for the decreased photosynthesis efficiency caused by mild and moderate chilling stresses, banana accelerated its carbon fixation, mainly through upregulation of phosphoenolpyruvate carboxylases.

• MeSH
• banánovník genetika   metabolismus   MeSH
• fosfoenolpyruvátkarboxylasa genetika   metabolismus   MeSH
• fotosyntéza * MeSH
• reakce na chladový šok * MeSH
• regulace genové exprese u rostlin MeSH
• rostlinné proteiny genetika   metabolismus   MeSH
• transkriptom * MeSH
• upregulace MeSH
• Publikační typ
• časopisecké články MeSH