- MeSH
- Technology, Dental methods methods MeSH
- Ceramics therapeutic use therapeutic use MeSH
- Compomers therapeutic use MeSH
- Middle Aged MeSH
- Humans MeSH
- Maxilla MeSH
- Incisor MeSH
- Treatment Outcome MeSH
- Outcome and Process Assessment, Health Care MeSH
- Dental Veneers MeSH
- Check Tag
- Middle Aged MeSH
- Humans MeSH
- Male MeSH
- Publication type
- Case Reports MeSH
... Bad, or Indifferent 13 -- The Work of Cells 14 -- Cells Build and Degrade Numerous Molecules and Structures ... ... Covalent Bonds and Noncovalent -- Interactions 32 -- The Electronic Structure of an Atom Determines the ... ... AND -- FUNCTION 63 -- QQ[ Hierarchical Structure of Proteins 64 -- The Primary Structure of a Protein ... ... Motifs Are Regular Combinations of -- Secondary and Tertiary Structures 68 -- Structural and Functional ... ... Domains Are Modules of Tertiary Structure 70 -- Proteins Associate into Multimeric Structures and -- ...
6th ed. xxxvii, 1150 s. : il., tab. ; 29 cm
- MeSH
- Cell Biology MeSH
- Molecular Biology MeSH
- Publication type
- Monograph MeSH
- Conspectus
- Biochemie. Molekulární biologie. Biofyzika
- NML Fields
- biologie
- cytologie, klinická cytologie
Most DNA synthesis in HeLa cell nucleus is concentrated in discrete foci. These synthetic sites can be identified by electron microscopy after allowing permeabilized cells to elongate nascent DNA in the presence of biotin-dUTP. Biotin incorporated into nascent DNA can be then immunolabeled with gold particles. Two types of DNA synthetic sites/replication factories can be distinguished at ultrastructural level: (1) electron-dense structures--replication bodies (RB), and (2) focal replication sites with no distinct underlying structure--replication foci (RF). The protein composition of these synthetic sites was studied using double immunogold labeling. We have found that both structures contain (a) proteins involved in DNA replication (DNA polymerase alpha, PCNA), (b) regulators of the cell cycle (cyclin A, cdk2), and (c) RNA processing components like Sm and SS-B/La auto antigens, p80-coilin, hnRNPs A1 and C1/C2. However, at least four regulatory and structural proteins (Cdk1, cyclin B1, PML and lamin B1) differ in their presence in RB and RF. Moreover, in contrast to RF, RB have structural organization. For example, while DNA polymerase alpha, PCNA and hnRNP A1 were diffusely spread throughout RB, hnRNP C1/C2 was found only at the very outside. Surprisingly, RB contained only small amounts of DNA. In conclusion, synthetic sites of both types contain similar but not the same sets of proteins. RB, however, have more developed microarchitecture, apparently with specific functional zones. This data suggest possible differences in genome regions replicated by these two types of replication factories.
- MeSH
- Cell Nucleus metabolism ultrastructure MeSH
- Cyclin B genetics MeSH
- DNA Polymerase I metabolism MeSH
- DNA genetics chemistry MeSH
- Financing, Organized MeSH
- HeLa Cells MeSH
- Microscopy, Immunoelectron MeSH
- Immunohistochemistry MeSH
- Lamin Type B genetics MeSH
- Humans MeSH
- Antibodies, Monoclonal diagnostic use MeSH
- CDC2 Protein Kinase genetics MeSH
- Cell Cycle Proteins physiology MeSH
- DNA Replication genetics MeSH
- RNA biosynthesis metabolism MeSH
- Tissue Embedding MeSH
- Check Tag
- Humans MeSH
