AIMS: This study aimed to examine changes in the repertoire of functional T-cells specific for six leukemia-associated antigens (LAA), including WT1, PRAME, MUC1, CCNA1, NPM1, and NPM1c, during immune reconstitution following allogeneic transplantation of hematopoietic stem cells (HSCT) in patients with acute myeloid leukemia. PATIENTS & METHODS: LAA-specific T cell response was measured by ELISPOT- IFNγ and intracellular cytokine staining in 47 patients before starting conditioning therapy (baseline) and 7 months after HSCT. RESULTS: The positive cumulative LAA-specific T cell response before HSCT was associated with a decreased risk of relapse after HSCT. The prevalent genetic aberration - an internal tandem duplication of Fms 3 - related receptor tyrosine kinase, which has been previously implicated in immune escape mechanisms, is presented here for the first time as a factor associated with the absence of an adaptive T cell response against multiple LAAs. T-cell specific responses against wild-type and mutated NPM1 antigens were less frequent in the study cohort and did not correlate with mutations in the NPM1 gene. CONCLUSIONS: Our results showed that the T-cell response to LAA can be reconstituted after HSCT. Measurement of functional pre-transplant T-cell responses against multiple LAAs could help to find patients with an increased risk of relapse.

• MeSH
• akutní myeloidní leukemie * terapie   imunologie   genetika   MeSH
• antigeny nádorové imunologie   MeSH
• dospělí MeSH
• homologní transplantace MeSH
• jaderné proteiny genetika   MeSH
• lidé středního věku MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• mladý dospělý MeSH
• mucin 1 genetika   imunologie   MeSH
• mutace * MeSH
• nukleofosmin * MeSH
• proteiny WT1 imunologie   genetika   MeSH
• recidiva MeSH
• senioři MeSH
• T-lymfocyty * imunologie   MeSH
• transplantace hematopoetických kmenových buněk * MeSH
• tyrosinkinasa 3 podobná fms * genetika   MeSH
• Check Tag
• dospělí MeSH
• lidé středního věku MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• mladý dospělý MeSH
• mužské pohlaví MeSH
• senioři MeSH
• ženské pohlaví MeSH
• Publikační typ
• časopisecké články MeSH

Atopic dermatitis (AD) is a chronic inflammatory disease affecting ~ 10% of adults and ~ 20% of children globally. Many patients with moderate-to-severe AD receiving systemic therapies, including biologics and Janus kinase (JAK) inhibitors, fail to reach or maintain treatment goals due to lack of durable response or safety/tolerability issues. Rocatinlimab is a T-cell rebalancing therapy that inhibits and reduces pathogenic T cells by targeting the OX40 receptor. ROCKET, a large, global phase 3 program of eight clinical trials (NCT05398445; NCT05651711; NCT05724199; NCT05899816; NCT05704738; NCT05633355; NCT05882877; NCT06224192), will evaluate the efficacy, durability of response, and long-term safety of rocatinlimab as monotherapy and combination therapy in adult and adolescent patients with moderate-to-severe AD with or without prior exposure to biologics or systemic JAK inhibitors.

• MeSH
• atopická dermatitida * farmakoterapie   MeSH
• dítě MeSH
• dospělí MeSH
• humanizované monoklonální protilátky terapeutické užití   škodlivé účinky   MeSH
• inhibitory Janus kinas terapeutické užití   MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• mladiství MeSH
• receptory OX40 antagonisté a inhibitory   MeSH
• stupeň závažnosti nemoci MeSH
• výsledek terapie MeSH
• Check Tag
• dítě MeSH
• dospělí MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• mladiství MeSH
• mužské pohlaví MeSH
• ženské pohlaví MeSH
• Publikační typ
• časopisecké články MeSH
• klinické zkoušky, fáze III MeSH

BACKGROUND: The present study aimed to investigate the prognostic and predictive roles of Hb/RDW ratio in patients with mRCC treated with first-line immunotherapy combinations (TKI plus ICI or ICI plus ICI). MATERIALS AND METHODS: We performed a sub-analysis of a multicenter retrospective observational study (ARON-1 project) involving patients with mRCC treated with first-line immunotherapy combinations. RESULTS: Three hundred and twenty-nine patients were enrolled, 244 males and 85 females. Median age was 65.5 years. The prognostic impact of the Hb/RDW ratio on PFS and OS was observed in the whole population examined. Hb/RDW ratio had a correlation with neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio (NLR), a blood inflammatory parameter. CONCLUSION: Hb/RDW ratio is a new inflammatory prognostic factor, easy to use in daily clinical practice.

• MeSH
• dospělí MeSH
• erytrocytární znaky MeSH
• hemoglobiny * analýza   metabolismus   MeSH
• imunoterapie * metody   MeSH
• inhibitory kontrolních bodů terapeutické užití   MeSH
• karcinom z renálních buněk * farmakoterapie   terapie   krev   MeSH
• lidé středního věku MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• nádory ledvin * farmakoterapie   terapie   krev   patologie   mortalita   imunologie   MeSH
• prognóza MeSH
• retrospektivní studie MeSH
• senioři nad 80 let MeSH
• senioři MeSH
• Check Tag
• dospělí MeSH
• lidé středního věku MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• mužské pohlaví MeSH
• senioři nad 80 let MeSH
• senioři MeSH
• ženské pohlaví MeSH
• Publikační typ
• časopisecké články MeSH
• multicentrická studie MeSH
• pozorovací studie MeSH

This report delves into the challenges and potential solutions associated with flexible, customized subcutaneous immunoglobulin (SCIG) infusion regimens for patients with primary antibody deficiency disease (PAD). Advances in the treatment of inborn errors of immunity, particularly PAD, have converted fatal diseases into chronic, complex, long-term conditions that make adherence to treatment a critical issue. Conventional SCIG infusion regimens, while clinically effective, may not always align with the varied lifestyles, changing lifestyles and commitments of patients which can lead to missed doses, diminishing adherence thus posing potential health risks and compromising the overall effectiveness of treatment. For these reasons, it's important to develop flexible infusion regimens tailored to meet individual patient needs. Patient-centric strategies that promote shared decision-making and awareness of patient status not only promote medical efficacy but also enhance the overall patient experience. The authors of this report call attention for a need to shift toward more adaptable and individualized SCIG treatment plans for PAD patients whose needs may change over the long-term course of treatment.

• MeSH
• imunoglobuliny terapeutické užití   aplikace a dávkování   MeSH
• individualizovaná medicína MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• péče orientovaná na pacienta * MeSH
• primární imunodeficience terapie   imunologie   MeSH
• subkutánní infuze * MeSH
• syndromy imunologické nedostatečnosti * terapie   farmakoterapie   MeSH
• Check Tag
• lidé MeSH
• Publikační typ
• časopisecké články MeSH
• práce podpořená grantem MeSH
• přehledy MeSH

Aim: To compare the efficacy of first-line immune checkpoint inhibitor (ICI)-based combinations in metastatic renal cell carcinoma (mRCC) patients stratified by chronological age. Methods: According to Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) guidelines, hazard ratios for overall survival (OS) from randomized controlled trials were synthesized. Results: Five RCTs were eligible for meta-analyses. ICI-based combinations significantly improved OS compared with sunitinib alone, both in younger (<65 years) and older (≥65 years) patients, whereas the OS benefit was significantly better in younger patients (p = 0.007). ICI-based combinations did not improve OS in patients aged ≥75 years. Treatment rankings showed age-related differential recommendations regarding improved OS. Conclusion: OS benefit from first-line ICI-based combinations was significantly greater in younger patients. Age-related differences could help enrich shared decision-making.

• MeSH
• imunoterapie MeSH
• inhibitory kontrolních bodů MeSH
• karcinom z renálních buněk * terapie   MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• nádory ledvin * terapie   MeSH
• sunitinib MeSH
• Check Tag
• lidé MeSH
• Publikační typ
• časopisecké články MeSH
• metaanalýza MeSH
• přehledy MeSH

Aim: We aimed to review the evidence of reducing the dose or number of BCG instillations in non-muscle invasive bladder cancer (NMIBC) patients. Material & methods: A literature search was done according to Preferred Reporting Items for Meta-Analyses statement. Results: Overall, 15 and 13 studies were eligible for qualitative and quantitative synthesis, respectively. In patients with NMIBC, lowering either the dose or number of BCG instillations increases the risk of recurrence, but not the risk of progression. Lowering the dose of BCG decreases the risk of adverse events compared with standard-dose BCG. Conclusion: Standard-dose and -number of BCG is preferred for NMIBC patients based on oncologic efficacy; however, low-dose BCG could be considered in selected patients who suffer from significant adverse events.

• MeSH
• adjuvancia imunologická terapeutické užití   MeSH
• aplikace intravezikální MeSH
• BCG vakcína terapeutické užití   MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• lokální recidiva nádoru MeSH
• nádory močového měchýře neinvadující svalovinu * MeSH
• nádory močového měchýře * farmakoterapie   MeSH
• Check Tag
• lidé MeSH
• Publikační typ
• časopisecké články MeSH
• metaanalýza MeSH
• přehledy MeSH
• systematický přehled MeSH

Aim: To evaluate the effect of pleuran (β-glucan from Pleurotus ostreatus) administration on the immune profile of patients with endocrine-dependent breast cancer (clinical stages I-II) in clinical and imaging remission. Methodology: Antitumor cellular immunity (CD19+, CD3+, CD4+ and CD8+ T lymphocytes and natural killer cells) of 195 patients (49 in the pleuran group and 146 in the control group) was measured by flow cytometry. Results: We observed a significant increase in the absolute number of CD3+, CD19+, CD4+ and CD8+ T lymphocytes in the pleuran group compared with the control group. Conclusion: Our results suggest potential benefit of continuous pleuran administration on immune rehabilitation of cellular antitumor immunity and better prognosis in breast cancer patients in remission.

• MeSH
• beta-glukany imunologie   MeSH
• imunomodulace imunologie   MeSH
• lidé středního věku MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• nádory prsu imunologie   MeSH
• Pleurotus imunologie   MeSH
• Check Tag
• lidé středního věku MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• ženské pohlaví MeSH
• Publikační typ
• časopisecké články MeSH
• práce podpořená grantem MeSH

Background: The prevalence of allergic rhinoconjunctivitis (AR) has been increasing over the years, and allergen immunotherapy (AIT) remains the only disease-modifying treatment. However, cost-effectiveness data remain scarce. Methods: In this single-arm, noninterventional, prospective, multicenter study, we describe the effectiveness, safety and costs of subcutaneous AIT for pollen-induced allergic rhinoconjunctivitis. Results: Of 471 new AIT users, 317 completed three courses of treatment, and symptoms improved in 96%; no serious adverse reactions were reported. The cost of symptomatic medication decreased by 49% and the cost of unscheduled specialist visits decreased by 73%. Except for AIT administration, total healthcare costs decreased by 54% compared with the baseline pollen season without AIT. Conclusion: In clinical practice, subcutaneous AIT is an effective treatment generating savings on symptomatic medication and unscheduled consultations.

• MeSH
• alergeny * terapeutické užití   MeSH
• alergie * terapie   MeSH
• desenzibilizace imunologická MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• prospektivní studie MeSH
• pyl MeSH
• Check Tag
• lidé MeSH
• Publikační typ
• časopisecké články MeSH
• multicentrická studie MeSH
• Geografické názvy
• Česká republika MeSH

Aim: We aimed to assess the prognostic value of pretreatment hematological biomarkers in patients with metastatic renal cell carcinoma (mRCC) treated with immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs). Methods: PubMed, Web of Science and Scopus databases were searched for articles according to the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses statement. Results: Fifteen studies comprising 1530 patients were eligible for meta-analysis. High levels of neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio (NLR), platelet-to-lymphocyte ratio (PLR), C-reactive protein and lactate dehydrogenase were significantly associated with worse progression-free survival. High NLR and PLR were significantly associated with worse overall survival. Conclusion: High pretreatment NLR and PLR appear to be hematological prognostic factors of progression and overall mortality in mRCC patients treated with ICIs. These findings might help in the design of correlative biomarker studies to guide the clinical decision-making in the immune checkpoint inhibitor era.

• MeSH
• biologické markery MeSH
• inhibitory kontrolních bodů terapeutické užití   MeSH
• karcinom z renálních buněk * diagnóza   farmakoterapie   MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• lymfocyty patologie   MeSH
• nádory ledvin * MeSH
• neutrofily patologie   MeSH
• prognóza MeSH
• Check Tag
• lidé MeSH
• Publikační typ
• časopisecké články MeSH
• metaanalýza MeSH
• přehledy MeSH

Most primary immunodeficiency diseases, and select secondary immunodeficiency diseases, are treated with immunoglobulin (IG) therapy, administered intravenously or subcutaneously (SCIG). The first instance of IG replacement for primary immunodeficiency disease was a 16.5% formulation administered subcutaneously in 1952. While most SCIG products are now a 10 or 20% concentration, this review will focus on SCIG 16.5% products with a historical overview of development, including the early pioneers who initiated and refined IG replacement therapy, as well as key characteristics, manufacturing and clinical studies. In determining an appropriate IG regimen, one must consider specific patient needs, characteristics and preferences. There are advantages to SCIG, such as stable serum immunoglobulin G levels, high tolerability and the flexibility of self-administered home treatment.

• MeSH
• injekce subkutánní MeSH
• intravenózní imunoglobuliny aplikace a dávkování   imunologie   terapeutické užití   MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• pasivní imunizace metody   MeSH
• subkutánní infuze MeSH
• syndromy imunologické nedostatečnosti farmakoterapie   imunologie   MeSH
• výsledek terapie MeSH
• Check Tag
• lidé MeSH
• Publikační typ
• časopisecké články MeSH
• práce podpořená grantem MeSH
• přehledy MeSH