We aimed to determine the persisting effects of various exercise modalities and intensities on functional capacity after periods of training cessation in older adults. A comprehensive search was conducted across the Cochrane Library, PubMed/MEDLINE, Scopus, and Web of Science Core Collection up to March 2024 for randomized controlled trials examining residual effects of physical exercise on functional capacity in older adults ≥ 60 years. The analysis encompassed 15 studies and 21 intervention arms, involving 787 participants. The exercise and training cessation periods ranged from 8 to 43 weeks and 4 to 36 weeks, respectively. Meta-analyses were performed using change scores from before the physical exercise to after the training cessation. The effect sizes (ES) were calculated as the standardized mean differences between the intervention and control groups' change scores. Subgroup analyses and meta-regressions explored the influence of participant characteristics, the magnitude of the effect produced by the initial training program, various exercise modalities (resistance and multicomponent training) and intensities (high and low), and subdomains of functional capacity (agility, balance, standing ability, walking ability, and stair walking). The findings revealed that exercise interventions had a significant effect on preserving functional capacity after training cessation (ES = 0.87; p < 0.01). This protective effect was consistent across various exercise modalities and intensities (ES ≥ 0.67; p ≤ 0.04). The benefits obtained during the training program were positively associated with the residual effects observed after training cessation (β = 0.73; p < 0.01), while age negatively influenced the persisting adaptations (β = -0.07; p < 0.01). Current evidence suggests that exercise-based interventions, irrespective of modality and intensity, are highly effective in preventing functional declines after training cessation among older adults.
- MeSH
- cvičení * fyziologie MeSH
- lidé středního věku MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- odporový trénink metody MeSH
- posturální rovnováha fyziologie MeSH
- randomizované kontrolované studie jako téma MeSH
- senioři MeSH
- Check Tag
- lidé středního věku MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- senioři MeSH
- Publikační typ
- časopisecké články MeSH
- metaanalýza MeSH
- přehledy MeSH
- systematický přehled MeSH
Background and Objectives: The aim of this study was to determine the effect of immersive virtual reality used as a short-term multifaceted activity with a focus on motor and cognitive function in patients with Parkinson's Disease. The sub-objective focused on quality of life in the study group of patients. Materials and Methods: Nineteen patients (64.2 ± 12.8 years) were included in this study. Inclusion criteria for this study: adult patients in Hoehn and Yahr's stage 1-3, cooperative, with stable health status, independent and mobile. IVR therapy was performed twice a week for 20 min for one month. Input and output measurements were taken within 14 days of starting or ending therapy. The 10 Meter Walk test was used to examine and assess both comfortable and fast walking, and the Timed Up and Go (TUG) + s dual task was applied to quickly assess the highest possible level of functional mobility. The Berg Balance Scale test (BBS) was used to assess balance with a 14-item balance scale containing specific movement tasks. The standardized Parkinson's Disease Questionnaire (PDQ-39) was used to assess quality of life. Data were processed in the PAST program using a nonparametric paired Wilcoxon test. The significance level was set at α = 0.05. The value of the r score was used to evaluate the effect size. Results: A significant reduction in the time in the fast walk 10MWT (p = 0.006; r = 0.63) and TUG (p < 0.001; r = 0.80) parameter were found after therapy. Significant improvement in the BBS score was found after applied therapy (p = 0.016; r = 0.55). In the PDQ-39 questionnaire, significant improvements were found in the study group after therapy in the domains of mobility (p = 0.027; r = 0.51) and emotional well-being (p = 0.011; r = 0.58). Conclusions: The results of this study indicate a positive effect of virtual reality therapy on balance and gait, which is also good in terms of reducing the risk of falls in the study group. Therapy also promoted quality of life in the study group.
- MeSH
- kognice fyziologie MeSH
- kvalita života * psychologie MeSH
- lidé středního věku MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- Parkinsonova nemoc * psychologie patofyziologie terapie komplikace MeSH
- posturální rovnováha fyziologie MeSH
- průzkumy a dotazníky MeSH
- senioři MeSH
- terapie pomocí virtuální reality metody MeSH
- virtuální realita * MeSH
- Check Tag
- lidé středního věku MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- mužské pohlaví MeSH
- senioři MeSH
- ženské pohlaví MeSH
- Publikační typ
- časopisecké články MeSH
This study evaluated the effects of a neuromuscular training (NMT) warm-up program on injury incidence, neuromuscular function, and program adherence, maintenance and acceptance in adolescent basketball players. A total of 275 players from 20 Slovenian teams (15 ± 1.7 years of age), were randomized into an intervention group (IG, n=129) and a control group (CG, n=146). Over three months, the IG incorporated NMT into their warm-ups, while the CG followed their usual practice. Measurements of body anthropometry, muscle contractile properties, and balance were taken before and after the intervention. Also, the injury incidence, training adherence and maintenance were reported. Both groups showed improved balance, with no significant difference between them. However, IG demonstrated reduced delay times in specific muscles, indicating improved neuromuscular function. Injury prevalence proportion (%) during the whole study period was higher in the control group compared to intervention (IG: 10.9% vs. CG: 23.3%), and incidence rate. Moreover, the incidence rate ratio for sustaining an injury was 2.6 on average (ranging from 0.88 to 7.07 for tendon and muscle injuries, respectively), indicating significantly lower injury risk in IG than CG. These findings highlight the effectiveness of NMT warm-ups in reducing injury risk and enhancing neuromuscular function, emphasizing the value of structured injury prevention strategies in youth sports..
- MeSH
- antropometrie MeSH
- basketbal * zranění fyziologie MeSH
- incidence MeSH
- kondiční příprava metody MeSH
- kosterní svaly zranění fyziologie MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- mladiství MeSH
- poranění šlachy prevence a kontrola epidemiologie MeSH
- posturální rovnováha fyziologie MeSH
- sportovní úrazy * prevence a kontrola epidemiologie MeSH
- svalová kontrakce fyziologie MeSH
- svalová síla fyziologie MeSH
- zahřívací cvičení * MeSH
- Check Tag
- lidé MeSH
- mladiství MeSH
- mužské pohlaví MeSH
- Publikační typ
- časopisecké články MeSH
- randomizované kontrolované studie MeSH
- Geografické názvy
- Slovinsko MeSH
BACKGROUND: Whole-body vibration (WBV) is being used in rehabilitation and sport. Studies confirm its positive impact on muscle strength and power or regulating muscle hypertension. However, there are some uncertainties regarding its influence on postural stability. This issue seems particularly interesting in the case of individuals with generalized joint hypermobility (GJH), for whom proprioceptive training and muscle strengthening exercises are recommended while techniques that decrease muscle tension are not advised. OBJECTIVE: The aim of the study was to evaluate the acute effect of WBV on postural stability in adults with GJH. METHODS: 60 participants were categorized into the groups: 1) hypermobility with vibration (GJH+WBV), 2) hypermobility without vibration (GJH-WBV), 3) control group with vibration (CTRL+WBV), 4) control group without vibration (CTRL-WBV). The first and the third group completed WBV (frequency: 15 Hz and 30 Hz, amplitude 3 mm, 3 × 3 min). The second and fourth groups participated only in measurement sessions. GJH was assessed using the Beighton test. Postural stability was measured as the overall stability index (OSI) on the Biodex Balance System on the stable and unstable platform with open and closed eyes. Measurements were taken before and after WBV for two weeks. RESULTS: At a frequency of 15 Hz, a significant time effect was observed for measurements Before and After in CTRL-WBV on the stable platform with open eyes (p= 0.012) and on the unstable platform with closed eyes (p= 0.000) for the GJH+WBV and CTRL+WBV groups. There were no significant interactions (p> 0.05) between factors. At a frequency of 30 Hz, there was a significant time effect Before and After (p= 0.047) on the stable platform with open eyes, but no interaction was found between factors (p= 0.835). CONCLUSION: There is no positive acute effect of WBV on postural stability in adults with and without GJH.
- MeSH
- dospělí MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- mladý dospělý MeSH
- nestabilita kloubu * patofyziologie rehabilitace terapie MeSH
- posturální rovnováha * fyziologie MeSH
- vibrace * terapeutické užití MeSH
- Check Tag
- dospělí MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- mladý dospělý MeSH
- mužské pohlaví MeSH
- ženské pohlaví MeSH
- Publikační typ
- časopisecké články MeSH
- srovnávací studie MeSH
- MeSH
- časná diagnóza MeSH
- dítě MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- muskuloskeletální manipulace * metody MeSH
- novorozenec MeSH
- pohyby očí fyziologie MeSH
- posturální rovnováha fyziologie MeSH
- reflexní terapie * metody MeSH
- tortikolis * diagnóza etiologie komplikace rehabilitace MeSH
- Check Tag
- dítě MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- mužské pohlaví MeSH
- novorozenec MeSH
- Publikační typ
- kazuistiky MeSH
- přehledy MeSH
BACKGROUND: Low energy availability (LEA) causes pathophysiology of the female athlete's body affecting the bone and reproductive health and was observed to have a high prevalence in recreational female athletes previously. The aim of this study was to analyse the relationship between low energy availability in females questionnaire (LEAF-Q), bone mineral density (BMD), and postural stability in recreational athletes. METHODS: Recreational female athletes (n = 24, age: 23.71 ± 2.94, Tier I) completed LEAF-Q, postural stability measurement during quiet stance (Zebris platform FDM; GmbH) and their BMD was measured using DXA (Hologic QDR Horizon A). Non-parametric statistical tests were used to analyse the relationships between LEAF-Q, BMD, and postural stability and to compare differences between participants divided by the LEAF-Q score and its subscales. RESULTS: Risk of LEA was observed in 50% of recreational athletes participating in this study. Up to 46% of participants perceived menstrual bleeding changes related to training and 37.50% experienced menstrual dysfunction. Body composition and body weight fluctuations were observed to affect postural stability and BMD. With the risk score for LEA, the BMD and postural stability were not negatively affected in recreational athletes. However, the high number of recreational athletes in the risk score for LEA and menstrual dysfunctions highlights the need for public health programs aimed to increase awareness of LEA and its health consequences and for open communication about the menstrual cycle. Future longitudinal studies observing LEA, BMD, menstrual function, postural stability, and their interrelationship in female athletes are needed to increase the knowledge of this topic.
- MeSH
- absorpční fotometrie MeSH
- dospělí MeSH
- kostní denzita * fyziologie MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- mladý dospělý MeSH
- posturální rovnováha fyziologie MeSH
- průzkumy a dotazníky MeSH
- relativní energetický deficit sportovce epidemiologie MeSH
- složení těla fyziologie MeSH
- sportovci * statistika a číselné údaje MeSH
- sportovní úrazy patofyziologie epidemiologie MeSH
- Check Tag
- dospělí MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- mladý dospělý MeSH
- ženské pohlaví MeSH
- Publikační typ
- časopisecké články MeSH
PURPOSE: The aim of the study is to capture the difference between the groups in direct relation to the type of electrode array insertion during cochlear implantation (CI). The robotic insertion is expected to be a more gently option. As recent studies have shown, there is a difference in perception of visual vertical (SVV) and postural control related to the CI. We assume that there can be differences in postural control and space perception outcomes depending on the type of the surgical method. METHODS: In total, 37 (24 females, mean age ± SD was 42.9 ± 13.0) candidates for CI underwent an assessment. In 14 cases, the insertion of the electrode array was performed by a robotic system (RobOtol, Colin, France) and 23 were performed conventionally. In all of these patients, we performed the same examination before the surgery, the first day, and 3 weeks after the surgery. The protocol consists of static posturography and perception of visual vertical. RESULTS: The both groups, RobOtol and conventional, responded to the procedure similarly despite the dissimilar electrode insertion. There was no difference between two groups in the dynamic of perception SVV and postural parameters. Patients in both groups were statistically significantly affected by the surgical procedure, SVV deviation appeared in the opposite direction from the implanted ear: 0.90° ± 1.25; - 1.67° ± 3.05 and - 0.19° ± 1.78 PRE and POST surgery (p < 0.001). And this deviation was spontaneously adjusted in FOLLOW-UP after 3 weeks (p < 0.01) in the both groups. We did not find a significant difference in postural parameters between the RobOtol and conventional group, even over time. CONCLUSION: Although the robotic system RobOtol allows a substantial reduction in the speed of insertion of the electrode array into the inner ear, our data did not demonstrate a postoperative effect on vestibular functions (SVV and posturography), which have the same character and dynamics as in the group with standard manual insertion. REGISTRATION NUMBER: The project is registered on clinicaltrials.gov (registration number: NCT05547113).
- MeSH
- dospělí MeSH
- kochleární implantace * metody MeSH
- kochleární implantáty MeSH
- lidé středního věku MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- posturální rovnováha * fyziologie MeSH
- roboticky asistované výkony * metody MeSH
- vnímání prostoru * fyziologie MeSH
- výsledek terapie MeSH
- Check Tag
- dospělí MeSH
- lidé středního věku MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- mužské pohlaví MeSH
- ženské pohlaví MeSH
- Publikační typ
- časopisecké články MeSH
- srovnávací studie MeSH
BACKGROUND: The Dynamic Neuromuscular Stabilization (DNS) diaphragm test and intra-abdominal pressure regulation test (IAPRT) are qualitative clinical tests that assess postural stability provided by the diaphragm. OBJECTIVE: Evaluate the inter-rater reliability of the diaphragm test and IAPRT between an experienced and novice DNS clinician among individuals with non-specific low back pain (LBP) and neck pain. METHODS: Forty-five participants with non-specific LBP and/or neck pain were assessed by an experienced and novice DNS physiotherapist in the diaphragm test and IAPRT, and scored on a visual analog scale (VAS) according to five different criteria. RESULTS: Moderate reliability was noted when assessing LBP and neck pain patients in the diaphragm test and IAPRT (p < 0.001). Moderate reliability also existed when assessing only LBP (p < 0.001) or neck pain (p = 0.002, p = 0.009) independently. Patients with lower pain (NPRS score of 5 or < ) demonstrated lower intra-class correlation coefficients, yet still moderate reliability in the diaphragm test (p = 0.004) and IAPRT (p = 0.001). Patients with higher pain (NPRS score of 6 or > ) demonstrated greater intra-class correlation coefficients, with the diaphragm test resulting in good reliability (p < 0.001). CONCLUSIONS: The diaphragm test and IAPRT demonstrate moderate reliability between an experienced and novice DNS clinician when evaluating LBP and neck pain patients, with a greater degree of reliability noted in patients suffering from higher reported pain.
- MeSH
- bolest krku * patofyziologie diagnóza MeSH
- bránice * patofyziologie MeSH
- dospělí MeSH
- lidé středního věku MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- lumbalgie * patofyziologie diagnóza MeSH
- měření bolesti metody MeSH
- odchylka pozorovatele MeSH
- posturální rovnováha fyziologie MeSH
- reprodukovatelnost výsledků MeSH
- Check Tag
- dospělí MeSH
- lidé středního věku MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- mužské pohlaví MeSH
- ženské pohlaví MeSH
- Publikační typ
- časopisecké články MeSH
- práce podpořená grantem MeSH
Recently, transcranial electrical stimulation (tES) has gained increasing popularity among researchers, especially for recovery and improvement, but interpretation of these results is difficult due to variations in study methods and outcome measurements. The main goal of this study was to better understand the postural and balance indicators affected by cerebellar tES, as the cerebellum is the main brain region responsible for controlling balance. For this systematic literature review, three databases were searched for articles where the cerebellum was stimulated by any type of tES in either healthy participants or those with neurologic disorders. Postural, dynamic, and/or static stability measurements were recorded, and risk of bias was assessed on the PEDro scale. A total of 21 studies were included in the analysis. 17 studies reported improvements after application of tES. 14 studies stimulated the cerebellum unilaterally and 15 used this modality for 20 min. Moreover, all studies exclusively used transcranial direct current as the type of stimulation. Evaluation of PEDro results showed that studies included in the analysis utilized good methodology. Although there were some inconsistencies in study results, overall, it was demonstrated that tES can improve balance and postural index under both healthy and neurological conditions. Further research of bilateral cerebellar stimulation or the use of transcranial alternating current stimulation, transcranial random noise stimulation, and transcranial pulsed current stimulation is needed for a more comprehensive assessment of the potential positive effects of cerebellar tES on the balance system.
Východiska: Dynamická neuromuskulární stabilizace (DNS) je populárním a často používaným konceptem, který se primárně zabývá fyzioterapií a nápravou pohybového aparátu. Původně je DNS využívaná především v terapeutickém prostředí, ale rozšířila se i do léčby sportovců a prevence poruch pohybového aparátu. Přesah v používání DNS lze sledovat i na (asymptomatické) dětské populaci. Cíle: Cílem článku je analýza vědecké evidence o DNS týkající se sportovců, dětí a mládeže. Dílčím cílem je zhodnotit, zda je možné, na základě dostupných dat, považovat DNS za vhodný prostředek přípravy (léčby) sportovců a zda představuje prvek vhodný do školní tělesné výchovy (TV). Metodika: Bylo provedeno scoping review, které se orientovalo na vyhledání zdrojů v kontextu DNS a následně na texty, které pracovaly se soubory buď dětí, mládeže nebo sportovců. Vyhledávání proběhlo pomocí klíčových slov: „dynamic neuromuscular stabilisation“, „DNS“, „functional assessment“, „developmental kinesiology“, „postural stabilisation“, „postural control“, „sports rehabilitation“ a využity byly databáze Web of Science, Scopus, PubMed a Google Scholar. Výsledky: Po vyřazení nevhodných zdrojů (přehledové články, teoretické stati apod.) zůstalo celkem 41 relevantních zdrojů. Studie zaměřené na skupiny dětí a sportovců byly podrobně popsány a diskutovány. Existuje velmi malá evidence potvrzující pozitivní efekt DNS u sportovců, který se odráží ve zvyšování sportov- ního výkonu nebo prevenci zranění. K věkové skupině dětí staršího školního věku jsou k dispozici pouze omezené informace, mladším dětem se nevěnovala žádná studie. Závěry: Zatím nemáme dostatečná data, která by adekvátně podpořila implementaci DNS do přípravy či terapie sportovců. Shodný stav konstatujeme také pro zařazení DNS do školní TV. Pro obě oblasti by byla vhodná další vědecká činnost.
Background: Dynamic Neuromuscular Stabilization (DNS) is a popular and frequently used concept primarily dealing with physiotherapy and musculoskeletal correction. Initially, DNS is primarily used in therapeutic settings, but has expanded into the treatment of athletes and the prevention of musculoskeletal disorders. Overlap in the use of DNS can also be seen in the (asymptomatic) paediatric population. Objective: The aim of this article is to analyse the scientific evidence on DNS in athletes, children, and adolescents. A sub-objective is to assess whether, based on the available data, DNS can be considered as a suitable tool for the preparation (treatment) of athletes and whether it represents an element suitable for physical education (PE). Methods: A scoping review was conducted, which focused on finding sources in the context of DNS and then on papers that worked with either children, adolescents, or athletes. The search was conducted using the keywords: 'dynamic neuromuscular stabilisation', 'DNS', 'functional assessment', 'developmental kinesiology', 'postural stabilisation', 'postural control', 'sports rehabilitation' and used the Web of Science, Scopus, PubMed, and Google Scholar databases. Results: After removing inappropriate sources (review articles, theoretical papers, etc.), a total of 41 relevant sources remained. Studies focusing on groups of children and athletes were described and discussed in detail. There is very little evidence to support a positive effect of DNS in athletes, resulting in increased athletic performance or injury prevention. There is also limited information on the older school-age group, and no studies have focused on younger children. Conclusions: there are not yet sufficient data to adequately support the implementation of DNS in the training or therapy of athletes. We conclude that the same is true for the inclusion of DNS in PE. Both areas would benefit from further research.
- Klíčová slova
- dynamická neuromuskulární stabilizace,
- MeSH
- kineziologie aplikovaná MeSH
- kvalitativní výzkum MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- muskuloskeletální a nervový systém - fyziologické jevy MeSH
- posturální rovnováha * fyziologie MeSH
- rehabilitace metody MeSH
- sportovci * MeSH
- tělesná výchova MeSH
- tělovýchovné lékařství * MeSH
- terapie cvičením MeSH
- Check Tag
- lidé MeSH
