Between 2014 and 2017, 6,662 Enterobacterales and 1,953 P. aeruginosa isolates were collected by 19 centers in four central European countries and Israel. A further 2,585 Enterobacterales and 707 P. aeruginosa isolates were collected in 2018 by 28 centers in seven European countries and Israel as part of the Antimicrobial Testing Leadership and Surveillance (ATLAS) study. A central laboratory performed antimicrobial susceptibility testing using broth microdilution panels according to Clinical Laboratory Standards Institute (CLSI) guidelines. Susceptibility rates among Enterobacterales were highest to ceftazidime-avibactam (≥98.5%), colistin (≥97.3%), and meropenem (≥95.8%). Ceftazidime-resistant and multidrug-resistant (MDR) Enterobacterales subsets were highly susceptible to ceftazidime-avibactam (≥94.9%) and colistin (≥94.7%). Susceptibility rates to colistin among all P. aeruginosa were ≥97.4% and were ≥96.3% among ceftazidime-resistant and MDR subsets. Susceptibility rates to ceftazidime-avibactam were 91.9% (2014-2017), 86.3% (2018) and, in common with comparator agents, were lower among ceftazidime-resistant (≥51.7%) and MDR isolates (≥57.1%).
- MeSH
- antibakteriální látky farmakologie MeSH
- azabicyklické sloučeniny farmakologie MeSH
- bakteriální léková rezistence účinky léků MeSH
- ceftazidim farmakologie MeSH
- Enterobacteriaceae účinky léků izolace a purifikace MeSH
- enterobakteriální infekce mikrobiologie MeSH
- fixní kombinace léků MeSH
- inhibitory beta-laktamasy farmakologie MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- mikrobiální testy citlivosti MeSH
- pseudomonádové infekce mikrobiologie MeSH
- Pseudomonas aeruginosa účinky léků izolace a purifikace MeSH
- Check Tag
- lidé MeSH
- Publikační typ
- časopisecké články MeSH
- Geografické názvy
- Evropa MeSH
- Izrael MeSH
The aim of this study was to evaluate the serum levels of calprotectin and calgranulin C and routine biomarkers in patients with bacterial sepsis (BS). The initial serum concentrations of calprotectin and calgranulin C were significantly higher in patients with BS (n = 66) than in those with viral infections (n = 24) and the healthy controls (n = 26); the level of calprotectin was found to be the best predictor of BS, followed by the neutrophil-lymphocyte count ratio (NLCR) and the level of procalcitonin (PCT). The white blood cell (WBC) count and the NLCR rapidly returned to normal levels, whereas PCT levels normalized later and the increased levels of calprotectin, calgranulin C, and C-reactive protein persisted until the end of follow-up. Our results suggest that the serum levels of calprotectin are a reliable biomarker of BS and that the WBC count and the NLCR are rapid predictors of the efficacy of antimicrobial therapy.
- MeSH
- bakteriální infekce krev diagnóza MeSH
- biologické markery krev MeSH
- C-reaktivní protein analýza MeSH
- dospělí MeSH
- kinetika MeSH
- leukocytární L1-antigenní komplex krev MeSH
- lidé středního věku MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- neutrofily cytologie MeSH
- počet leukocytů MeSH
- počet lymfocytů MeSH
- protein S100A12 krev MeSH
- senioři MeSH
- senzitivita a specificita MeSH
- sepse krev diagnóza MeSH
- virové nemoci krev diagnóza MeSH
- Check Tag
- dospělí MeSH
- lidé středního věku MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- mužské pohlaví MeSH
- senioři MeSH
- ženské pohlaví MeSH
- Publikační typ
- časopisecké články MeSH
We investigated the genetic basis of glycopeptide resistance in laboratory-derived strains of S. haemolyticus with emphasis on differences between vancomycin and teicoplanin. The genomes of two stable teicoplanin-resistant laboratory mutants selected on vancomycin or teicoplanin were sequenced and compared to parental S. haemolyticus strain W2/124. Only the two non-synonymous mutations, VraS Q289K and WalK V550L were identified. No other mutations or genome rearrangements were detected. Increased cell wall thickness, resistance to lysostaphin-induced lysis and adaptation of cell growth rates specifically to teicoplanin were phenotypes observed in a sequenced strain with the VraS Q289K mutation. Neither of the VraS Q289K and WalK V550L mutations was present in the genomes of 121S. haemolyticus clinical isolates. However, all but two of the teicoplanin resistant strains carried non-synonymous SNPs in vraSRTU and walKR-YycHIJ operons pointing to their importance for the glycopeptide resistance.
- MeSH
- antibakteriální látky farmakologie MeSH
- bakteriální léková rezistence genetika MeSH
- DNA bakterií genetika MeSH
- fenotyp MeSH
- genom bakteriální genetika MeSH
- histidinkinasa genetika MeSH
- jednonukleotidový polymorfismus genetika MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- rezistence na vankomycin genetika MeSH
- sekvence nukleotidů MeSH
- sekvenční analýza DNA MeSH
- stafylokokové infekce mikrobiologie MeSH
- Staphylococcus haemolyticus účinky léků genetika izolace a purifikace MeSH
- teikoplanin farmakologie MeSH
- vankomycin farmakologie MeSH
- Check Tag
- lidé MeSH
- Publikační typ
- časopisecké články MeSH
- Geografické názvy
- Polsko MeSH
ST252 Enterobacter cloacae, producing GES-5 carbapenemase, was isolated in a Czech hospital. blaGES-5was part of a novel class 1 integron, In1406, which also included a new allele of the aadA15 gene cassette. In1406 was located on a ColE2-like plasmid, pEcl-35771cz (6953bp).
- MeSH
- bakteriální proteiny genetika MeSH
- beta-laktamasy genetika MeSH
- Enterobacter cloacae enzymologie genetika MeSH
- enterobakteriální infekce mikrobiologie MeSH
- integrony genetika MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- multilokusová sekvenční typizace MeSH
- nemocnice MeSH
- Check Tag
- lidé MeSH
- Publikační typ
- časopisecké články MeSH
- Geografické názvy
- Česká republika MeSH
A VIM-1-producing ST92 Enterobacter cloacae was isolated in a Czech hospital. blaVIM-1 was part of the class 1 integron In110 carried by a Tn1721-like transposon. Tn1721-like was located on a ColE1-like plasmid, pEncl-30969cz (33,003 bp). Target site duplications at the boundaries of Tn1721-like suggested its transposition into the pEncl-30969cz backbone.
- MeSH
- antibakteriální látky farmakologie MeSH
- bakteriální proteiny genetika MeSH
- beta-laktamasy genetika MeSH
- beta-laktamová rezistence genetika MeSH
- DNA bakterií analýza genetika MeSH
- Enterobacter cloacae genetika MeSH
- enterobakteriální infekce mikrobiologie MeSH
- integrony genetika MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- mikrobiální testy citlivosti MeSH
- plazmidy genetika MeSH
- Check Tag
- lidé MeSH
- Publikační typ
- časopisecké články MeSH
Sequence type 11 Klebsiella pneumoniae, coproducing NDM-1 and VIM-1 metallo-β-lactamases, were isolated in a Greek hospital. blaNDM-1 was part of a Tn125 derivative, located on an ~90-kb plasmid similar to the NDM-1-encoding plasmid pB-3002cz. blaVIM-1 was located in an In-e541-like integron, carried on a multireplicon (IncA/C and IncR) plasmid of ~180kb.
- MeSH
- bakteriální proteiny genetika metabolismus MeSH
- beta-laktamasy genetika metabolismus MeSH
- infekce bakteriemi rodu Klebsiella farmakoterapie mikrobiologie MeSH
- karbapenemy farmakologie MeSH
- Klebsiella pneumoniae klasifikace genetika izolace a purifikace MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- mikrobiální testy citlivosti MeSH
- nemocnice MeSH
- Check Tag
- lidé MeSH
- Publikační typ
- časopisecké články MeSH
- Geografické názvy
- Řecko MeSH
Minim typing is derived from the multi-locus sequence typing (MLST). It targets the same genes, but sequencing is replaced by high resolution melt analysis. Typing can be performed by analysing six loci (6MelT), four loci (4MelT) or using data from four loci plus sequencing the tonB gene (HybridMelT). The aim of this study was to evaluate Minim typing to discriminate extended-spectrum beta-lactamase producing Klebsiella pneumoniae (ESBL-KLPN) isolates at our hospital. In total, 380 isolates were analyzed. The obtained alleles were assigned according to both the 6MelT and 4MelT typing scheme. In 97 isolates, the tonB gene was sequenced to enable HybridMelT typing. We found that the presented method is suitable to quickly monitor isolates of ESBL-KLPN; results are obtained in less than 2 hours and at a lower cost than MLST. We identified a local ESBL-KLPN outbreak and a comparison of colonizing and invasive isolates revealed a long term colonization of patients with the same strain.
- MeSH
- beta-laktamasy sekrece MeSH
- časové faktory MeSH
- centra terciární péče MeSH
- infekce bakteriemi rodu Klebsiella mikrobiologie MeSH
- Klebsiella pneumoniae klasifikace enzymologie izolace a purifikace MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- molekulární typizace metody MeSH
- polymerázová řetězová reakce MeSH
- přenašečství mikrobiologie MeSH
- sekvenční analýza DNA MeSH
- tranzitní teplota MeSH
- Check Tag
- lidé MeSH
- Publikační typ
- časopisecké články MeSH
Bordetella parapertussis is a causative agent of whooping cough in humans, and B. bronchiseptica is causing wide variety of respiratory infections in mammals, including humans. Specific diagnostic tests are not currently available. Our first objective was to develop a real-time PCR test for the specific detection of B. bronchiseptica based on the previously described end-point PCR, targeting an intergenomic sequence of the fla gene locus, but it has not been reached. However, there is cross-reactivity between B. parapertussis and B. bronchiseptica. Therefore, the targeted region of several clinical isolates of both species was sequenced, and alignment of the sequences allowed the development of a 2-step real-time PCR assay. The first PCR assay detected the DNA of all clinical isolates of both B. bronchiseptica and B. parapertussis tested. The second PCR assay detected only the DNA of B. parapertussis clinical isolates, thereby allowing discrimination between B. parapertussis and B. bronchiseptica.
- MeSH
- Bordetella bronchiseptica genetika izolace a purifikace MeSH
- Bordetella parapertussis genetika izolace a purifikace MeSH
- diagnostické techniky molekulární metody MeSH
- diferenciální diagnóza MeSH
- DNA bakterií chemie genetika MeSH
- infekce bakteriemi rodu Bordetella diagnóza mikrobiologie MeSH
- kvantitativní polymerázová řetězová reakce metody MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- molekulární sekvence - údaje MeSH
- sekvenční analýza DNA MeSH
- Check Tag
- lidé MeSH
- Publikační typ
- časopisecké články MeSH
- hodnotící studie MeSH
- práce podpořená grantem MeSH
One third of the world's population is latently infected with Mycobacterium tuberculosis (Mtb) and up to 10% of infected individuals develop active tuberculosis (TB) in their lifetime. Among the major challenges in the control of TB is the implementation of sensitive methods for detection of latent tuberculosis infection (LTBI). Currently, in vitro interferon gamma release assays, yielding single value readout, are used as an alternative to the traditional tuberculin skin test for the diagnosis of LTBI. More complex characterization of immune status of LTBI individuals, however, is desirable for indication of LTBI subjects for preventative chemotherapy. Here we describe a quantitative polymerase chain reaction (qPCR) for determination of expression levels of 14 genes, additional to interferon gamma, which was applied for comparison of the specific Mtb-antigen immune response of blood cells from healthy, latently infected, and TB individuals. With the use of principal component analysis and discriminant analysis, a pattern of mRNA levels of 6 genes was identified, allowing discrimination of healthy individuals from active TB and LTBI subjects. These results open the way to development of multimarker qPCR for the detection of LTBI.
- MeSH
- antigeny bakteriální imunologie MeSH
- diagnostické techniky molekulární metody MeSH
- dospělí MeSH
- kvantitativní polymerázová řetězová reakce metody MeSH
- latentní tuberkulóza diagnóza MeSH
- leukocyty mononukleární imunologie MeSH
- lidé středního věku MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- Mycobacterium tuberculosis imunologie MeSH
- senioři nad 80 let MeSH
- senioři MeSH
- stanovení celkové genové exprese metody MeSH
- Check Tag
- dospělí MeSH
- lidé středního věku MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- mužské pohlaví MeSH
- senioři nad 80 let MeSH
- senioři MeSH
- ženské pohlaví MeSH
- Publikační typ
- časopisecké články MeSH
- hodnotící studie MeSH
- práce podpořená grantem MeSH
