Histamine has the ability to influence the activity of immune cells including neutrophils and plays a pivotal role in inflammatory processes, which are a complex network of cellular and humoral events. One of the main functions manifested by activated neutrophils is oxidative burst, which is linked to the production of reactive oxygen species; therefore, the effects of histamine receptor agonists and antagonists on the oxidative burst of neutrophils is reviewed. A role for the well-characterized histamine H1 and H2 receptors in this process is discussed and compared to that of the recently discovered H4 receptor.

• Klíčová slova
• histamine, histamine receptor, neutrophil, oxidative burst, reactive oxygen species,
• MeSH
• agonisté histaminu farmakologie   MeSH
• antihistaminika farmakologie   MeSH
• histamin metabolismus   MeSH
• histaminový receptor H4 MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• neutrofily metabolismus   MeSH
• reaktivní formy kyslíku metabolismus   MeSH
• receptory histaminu H1 účinky léků   metabolismus   MeSH
• receptory histaminu H2 účinky léků   metabolismus   MeSH
• receptory histaminu účinky léků   metabolismus   MeSH
• receptory spřažené s G-proteiny účinky léků   metabolismus   MeSH
• respirační vzplanutí účinky léků   MeSH
• zánět metabolismus   MeSH
• zvířata MeSH
• Check Tag
• lidé MeSH
• zvířata MeSH
• Publikační typ
• časopisecké články MeSH
• práce podpořená grantem MeSH
• přehledy MeSH
• Názvy látek
• agonisté histaminu MeSH
• antihistaminika MeSH
• histamin MeSH
• histaminový receptor H4 MeSH
• HRH4 protein, human MeSH Prohlížeč
• reaktivní formy kyslíku MeSH
• receptory histaminu H1 MeSH
• receptory histaminu H2 MeSH
• receptory histaminu MeSH
• receptory spřažené s G-proteiny MeSH

INTRODUCTION: The differentiation between extra- and intracellular production of reactive oxygen species (ROS) in whole blood was measured by luminol- and isoluminol-enhanced chemiluminescence (CL). METHODS: Azide (total CL inhibition), azide + horseradish peroxidase (HRP, restoring extracellular CL), superoxide dismutase + catalase (depleting extracellular ROS) and HRP (enhancing extracellular CL) were used to modulate luminol- and isoluminol-enhanced CL (10(-6) -10(-3) m luminophores) of 125× diluted whole blood which was activated by both calcium ionophore A23187 (Ca-I) and opsonized zymosan particles (OZP) separately. RESULTS: Both activators stimulated intra- and extracellular production of ROS. Luminol-enhanced CL of Ca-I-activated samples detected the intracellular ROS, and with the addition of HRP detected the extracellular CL as well. CL enhanced with isoluminol in concentrations of 10(-4) m or less was mostly extracellular. There was a mixture of intra- and extracellular CL in OZP-activated samples, probably because of the ingestion of luminophore molecules. CONCLUSION: Measurement of Ca-I-activated CL enhanced with 10(-4) m luminol is recommended for the detection of intracellular ROS. The addition of HRP leads to the detection of overall ROS production while the OZP-activated system with its addition of HRP can only be used to detect overall ROS production. Ca-I-activated CL enhanced with 10(-4) m isoluminol and with addition of HRP is recommended for the detection of extracellular CL.

• MeSH
• krev MeSH
• krevní buňky MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• luminiscence * MeSH
• luminiscenční měření metody   MeSH
• luminol analogy a deriváty   MeSH
• reaktivní formy kyslíku analýza   MeSH
• Check Tag
• lidé MeSH
• Publikační typ
• časopisecké články MeSH
• hodnotící studie MeSH
• práce podpořená grantem MeSH
• Názvy látek
• isoluminol MeSH Prohlížeč
• luminol MeSH
• reaktivní formy kyslíku MeSH

The effect is described of selenium supplemented in an inorganic and organic form on the innate immune response of goats. Though the phagocytic activity (as a marker of the immune function) was found to be lower in organic-Se-treated group than in control (54.5 +/- 4.32 vs. 60.2 +/- 9.15 %), it did not generally exhibit any significant differences; similarly, no differences were found in the phagocytic index. The production of reactive oxygen species (ROS) was determined using the luminol-enhanced chemiluminescence (CL) (estimated as peak CL, integral CL and a peak time after addition of calcium ionophore A23187, opsonised zymosan (OZP) and phorbol-12-myristate-13-acetate as effectors. A significant ROS increase reflected in integral CL and a peak time was found in the inorganic-Se-treated group when OZP was used as activator; other parameters did not exhibit significant changes. The supplementation of Se in inorganic form can thus be seen to influence positively the innate immune system of kids.

• MeSH
• anorganické látky aplikace a dávkování   MeSH
• fagocytóza účinky léků   MeSH
• imunologické faktory aplikace a dávkování   MeSH
• kozy MeSH
• organické látky aplikace a dávkování   MeSH
• přirozená imunita účinky léků   MeSH
• reaktivní formy kyslíku metabolismus   MeSH
• selen aplikace a dávkování   MeSH
• zvířata MeSH
• Check Tag
• mužské pohlaví MeSH
• ženské pohlaví MeSH
• zvířata MeSH
• Publikační typ
• časopisecké články MeSH
• práce podpořená grantem MeSH
• Názvy látek
• anorganické látky MeSH
• imunologické faktory MeSH
• organické látky MeSH
• reaktivní formy kyslíku MeSH
• selen MeSH

The interaction of adrenergic agonists and/or antagonists with the adrenergic receptors expressed on immunologically active cells including macrophages plays an important role in regulation of inflammatory responses. Our study investigated the effects of carvedilol, a unique vasodilating beta-adrenergic antagonist, and endogenous adrenergic agonists (adrenalin, noradrenalin, and dopamine) and/or antagonists (prazosin, atenolol) on lipopolysaccharide-stimulated nitric oxide (NO) production from murine macrophage cell line RAW 264.7. The production of NO was determined as the concentration of nitrites in cell supernatants (Griess reaction) and inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) protein expression (Western blot analysis). Scavenging properties against NO were measured electrochemically. Carvedilol in a concentration range of 1, 5, 10 and 25 microM inhibited iNOS protein expression and decreased the nitrite concentration in cell supernatants. Adrenalin, noradrenalin or dopamine also inhibited the iNOS protein expression and the nitrite accumulation. Prazosine and atenolol prevented the effect of both carvedilol and adrenergic agonists on nitrite accumulation and iNOS expression in lipopolysaccharide-stimulated cells. These results, together with the absence of scavenging properties of carvedilol against NO, imply that both carvedilol and adrenergic agonists suppress the lipopolysaccharide-evoked NO production by macrophages through the activation and modulation of signaling pathways connected with adrenergic receptors.

• MeSH
• adrenergní receptory účinky léků   metabolismus   MeSH
• agonisté adrenergních receptorů farmakologie   MeSH
• alfa blokátory farmakologie   MeSH
• beta blokátory aplikace a dávkování   farmakologie   MeSH
• buněčné linie MeSH
• dusitany metabolismus   MeSH
• karbazoly aplikace a dávkování   farmakologie   MeSH
• karvedilol MeSH
• lipopolysacharidy MeSH
• makrofágy účinky léků   metabolismus   MeSH
• myši MeSH
• oxid dusnatý metabolismus   MeSH
• propanolaminy aplikace a dávkování   farmakologie   MeSH
• regulace genové exprese enzymů účinky léků   MeSH
• signální transdukce účinky léků   MeSH
• synthasa oxidu dusnatého, typ II účinky léků   metabolismus   MeSH
• vztah mezi dávkou a účinkem léčiva MeSH
• zvířata MeSH
• Check Tag
• myši MeSH
• zvířata MeSH
• Publikační typ
• časopisecké články MeSH
• práce podpořená grantem MeSH
• Názvy látek
• adrenergní receptory MeSH
• agonisté adrenergních receptorů MeSH
• alfa blokátory MeSH
• beta blokátory MeSH
• dusitany MeSH
• karbazoly MeSH
• karvedilol MeSH
• lipopolysacharidy MeSH
• oxid dusnatý MeSH
• propanolaminy MeSH
• synthasa oxidu dusnatého, typ II MeSH

• MeSH
• antagonisté histaminu H1 farmakologie   MeSH
• fagocyty * účinky léků   metabolismus   MeSH
• krysa rodu Rattus MeSH
• potkani Wistar MeSH
• reaktivní formy kyslíku metabolismus   MeSH
• zvířata MeSH
• Check Tag
• krysa rodu Rattus MeSH
• zvířata MeSH
• Publikační typ
• časopisecké články MeSH
• práce podpořená grantem MeSH
• Názvy látek
• antagonisté histaminu H1 MeSH
• reaktivní formy kyslíku MeSH

The aim was to study the antioxidant properties of four wine polyphenols (flavonoids catechin, epicatechin, and quercetin, and hydroxystilbene resveratrol). All three flavonoids exerted significant and dose-dependent scavenging effects against peroxyl radical and nitric oxide in chemical systems. The scavenging effect of resveratrol was significantly lower. All polyphenols decreased production of reactive oxygen species (ROS) by RAW264.7 macrophages. Only quercetin quenched ROS produced by lipopolysaccharide-stimulated RAW264.7 macrophages incubated for 24 h with polyphenols. Quercetin and resveratrol decreased the release of nitric oxide by these cells in a dose-dependent manner which corresponded to a decrease in iNOS expression in the case of quercetin. In conclusion, the higher number of hydroxyl substituents is an important structural feature of flavonoids in respect to their scavenging activity against ROS and nitric oxide, while C-2,3 double bond (present in quercetin and resveratrol) might be important for inhibition of ROS and nitric oxide production by RAW 264.7 macrophages.

• MeSH
• buněčné linie MeSH
• časové faktory MeSH
• fenoly chemie   farmakologie   MeSH
• flavonoidy chemie   farmakologie   MeSH
• inhibitory enzymů farmakologie   MeSH
• katechin farmakologie   MeSH
• lipopolysacharidy farmakologie   MeSH
• makrofágy účinky léků   metabolismus   MeSH
• myši MeSH
• oxidační stres účinky léků   MeSH
• polyfenoly MeSH
• quercetin farmakologie   MeSH
• reaktivní formy dusíku metabolismus   MeSH
• reaktivní formy kyslíku metabolismus   MeSH
• resveratrol MeSH
• scavengery volných radikálů chemie   farmakologie   MeSH
• stilbeny farmakologie   MeSH
• synthasa oxidu dusnatého, typ II antagonisté a inhibitory   metabolismus   MeSH
• víno * MeSH
• vztah mezi dávkou a účinkem léčiva MeSH
• vztahy mezi strukturou a aktivitou MeSH
• zvířata MeSH
• Check Tag
• myši MeSH
• zvířata MeSH
• Publikační typ
• časopisecké články MeSH
• práce podpořená grantem MeSH
• Názvy látek
• fenoly MeSH
• flavonoidy MeSH
• inhibitory enzymů MeSH
• katechin MeSH
• lipopolysacharidy MeSH
• Nos2 protein, mouse MeSH Prohlížeč
• polyfenoly MeSH
• quercetin MeSH
• reaktivní formy dusíku MeSH
• reaktivní formy kyslíku MeSH
• resveratrol MeSH
• scavengery volných radikálů MeSH
• stilbeny MeSH
• synthasa oxidu dusnatého, typ II MeSH

OBJECTIVE: Oxidative stress is one of the important complications occurring in haemodialysis. The aim of the study was to determine haemodialysis-induced changes in oxidative burst of phagocytes and the antioxidative properties of plasma. METHODS: Twenty-seven patients and 50 healthy controls were examined. Oxidative burst of phagocytes and plasma antioxidative potential were measured luminometrically. Concentrations of major plasma antioxidants (vitamin E, bilirubin and uric acid) were also determined. RESULTS: Phagocyte chemiluminescence was higher in patients before haemodialysis compared with that in controls and decreased after haemodialysis compared with predialysis status. A significant increase in plasma antioxidative potential and uric acid was found in patients before haemodialysis. These parameters decreased after haemodialysis compared with both predialysis and control values. CONCLUSIONS: The higher generation of phagocyte-derived oxidants and the decline in plasma antioxidative properties after haemodialysis confirm insufficient antioxidant defence in patients with chronic renal failure.

• MeSH
• antioxidancia analýza   MeSH
• bilirubin krev   MeSH
• chronické selhání ledvin krev   terapie   MeSH
• dialýza ledvin * MeSH
• dospělí MeSH
• fagocyty metabolismus   MeSH
• kyselina močová krev   MeSH
• lidé středního věku MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• luminiscenční měření MeSH
• oxidace-redukce MeSH
• oxidancia krev   MeSH
• reaktivní formy kyslíku škodlivé účinky   MeSH
• referenční hodnoty MeSH
• rizikové faktory MeSH
• senioři MeSH
• vitamin E krev   MeSH
• volné radikály analýza   MeSH
• Check Tag
• dospělí MeSH
• lidé středního věku MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• mužské pohlaví MeSH
• senioři MeSH
• ženské pohlaví MeSH
• Publikační typ
• časopisecké články MeSH
• práce podpořená grantem MeSH
• Názvy látek
• antioxidancia MeSH
• bilirubin MeSH
• kyselina močová MeSH
• oxidancia MeSH
• reaktivní formy kyslíku MeSH
• vitamin E MeSH
• volné radikály MeSH

Open heart surgery with a cardiopulmonary bypass (CPB) is associated with a systemic inflammatory response which significantly contributes to adverse postoperative complications. The purpose of this study was to characterize the activation of blood phagocytes during open heart surgery with CPB. Blood samples were collected during and up to 24 h after surgery. The production of reactive oxygen species (ROS) in whole blood, the expression of surface molecules by blood phagocytes and complement activity in the plasma were determined. A cDNA microarray analysis of leukocyte RNA profile of genes was performed related to the inflammatory response. Activation of the complement was already observed at the beginning of CPB. This was followed by an increase in the neutrophil number and in both spontaneous and opsonized zymosan-activated ROS production after the onset of reperfusion. The activation of blood phagocytes was affirmed by changes in surface receptors involved in the adhesion and migration of leukocytes (CD11b, CD62L and CD31). Gene arrays also confirmed the activation of leukocytes 4 h after reperfusion. In conclusion, open heart surgery with a cardiopulmonary bypass was found to be associated with a rapid and pronounced activation of blood phagocytes and complement activation which was partly independent at the onset of CPB.

• MeSH
• aktivace neutrofilů fyziologie   MeSH
• kardiochirurgické výkony škodlivé účinky   MeSH
• kardiopulmonální bypass škodlivé účinky   MeSH
• leukocyty metabolismus   MeSH
• lidé středního věku MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• neutrofily metabolismus   MeSH
• senioři MeSH
• syndrom systémové zánětlivé reakce etiologie   MeSH
• Check Tag
• lidé středního věku MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• mužské pohlaví MeSH
• senioři MeSH
• Publikační typ
• časopisecké články MeSH
• práce podpořená grantem MeSH

• MeSH
• antagonisté histaminu H1 farmakologie   MeSH
• benzothiepiny farmakologie   MeSH
• fagocyty účinky léků   fyziologie   MeSH
• krysa rodu Rattus MeSH
• leukocyty účinky léků   fyziologie   MeSH
• potkani Wistar MeSH
• receptory histaminu H1 účinky léků   fyziologie   MeSH
• respirační vzplanutí účinky léků   fyziologie   MeSH
• zvířata MeSH
• Check Tag
• krysa rodu Rattus MeSH
• zvířata MeSH
• Publikační typ
• časopisecké články MeSH
• srovnávací studie MeSH
• Názvy látek
• antagonisté histaminu H1 MeSH
• benzothiepiny MeSH
• dithiadene MeSH Prohlížeč
• receptory histaminu H1 MeSH

Cytokines play a major role in the control of inflammatory responses, participate in the regulation of blood phagocyte activities and as such are used for immunomodulatory therapy. In the present study, the influence of IL-10 on human blood phagocyte activity in the presence/absence of IL-6, IL-8 and TNF-alpha was tested in vitro. Our research analyzed the effects of cytokines on the production of reactive oxygen species measured by chemiluminescence and flow cytometry, and on the expression of surface molecules (CD11b, CD15, CD62L, CD31) measured by flow cytometry. IL-10 had no inhibitory effect on reactive oxygen species production and the expression of any examined adhesion molecule by resting or stimulated blood phagocytes within 3 h of incubation. Conversely, TNF-alpha, IL-6, and IL-8 increased reactive oxygen species production and the expression of CD11b and CD15 on both neutrophils and monocytes and decreased the expression of CD62L. These priming effects of the tested pro-inflammatory cytokines were not affected by IL-10. The obtained results suggest that IL-10 does not directly control blood phagocyte activation. These results also provide better information about the contribution of IL-6, IL-8 and TNF-alpha to the regulation of blood phagocyte-mediated inflammatory processes.

• MeSH
• antigen Lewis X metabolismus   MeSH
• antigeny CD11b metabolismus   MeSH
• antigeny CD31 metabolismus   MeSH
• časové faktory MeSH
• CD antigeny metabolismus   MeSH
• fagocyty účinky léků   metabolismus   fyziologie   MeSH
• interleukin-10 aplikace a dávkování   farmakologie   fyziologie   MeSH
• interleukin-6 aplikace a dávkování   farmakologie   MeSH
• interleukin-8 aplikace a dávkování   farmakologie   MeSH
• L-selektin metabolismus   MeSH
• leukocyty účinky léků   metabolismus   fyziologie   MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• luminiscenční měření MeSH
• monocyty účinky léků   metabolismus   fyziologie   MeSH
• neutrofily účinky léků   metabolismus   fyziologie   MeSH
• průtoková cytometrie MeSH
• reaktivní formy kyslíku metabolismus   MeSH
• respirační vzplanutí účinky léků   fyziologie   MeSH
• rhodaminy chemie   MeSH
• tetradekanoylforbolacetát farmakologie   MeSH
• TNF-alfa aplikace a dávkování   farmakologie   MeSH
• zymosan farmakologie   MeSH
• Check Tag
• lidé MeSH
• Publikační typ
• časopisecké články MeSH
• práce podpořená grantem MeSH
• Názvy látek
• antigen Lewis X MeSH
• antigeny CD11b MeSH
• antigeny CD31 MeSH
• CD antigeny MeSH
• dihydrorhodamine 123 MeSH Prohlížeč
• interleukin-10 MeSH
• interleukin-6 MeSH
• interleukin-8 MeSH
• L-selektin MeSH
• reaktivní formy kyslíku MeSH
• rhodaminy MeSH
• tetradekanoylforbolacetát MeSH
• TNF-alfa MeSH
• zymosan MeSH