Hop mosaic virus (HpMV), a member of the genus Carlavirus, is importance to hop production worldwide. We identified variation in nucleic and amino acid sequences among 23 HpMV isolates from Australia, the USA, the Czech Republic, South Africa and Japan using a 1,455-bp fragment covering the 3' end of the virus genome including ORFs 4, 5 and 6. Three clusters of two or more isolates were identified in phylogenies of the total nucleotide sequence and the coat protein (ORF5) amino acid sequence. Two of these clusters combined in analyses of ORF4 and ORF6 amino acid sequences. Isolates from within and outside of Australia were found in each cluster, indicating that sequence variation was not associated with geographic source. Monitoring of HpMV variants in the field and evaluation of the impact of variants on vector association, rate of spread, and hop yield and quality can now be undertaken.

• MeSH
• Carlavirus klasifikace   genetika   izolace a purifikace   MeSH
• fylogeneze MeSH
• Humulus virologie   MeSH
• molekulární sekvence - údaje MeSH
• nemoci rostlin virologie   MeSH
• otevřené čtecí rámce MeSH
• polymorfismus genetický * MeSH
• RNA virová genetika   MeSH
• sekvenční analýza DNA MeSH
• sekvenční homologie aminokyselin MeSH
• shluková analýza MeSH
• virové plášťové proteiny genetika   MeSH
• Publikační typ
• časopisecké články MeSH
• Geografické názvy
• Austrálie MeSH
• Česká republika MeSH
• Japonsko MeSH
• Jihoafrická republika MeSH
• Spojené státy americké MeSH
• Názvy látek
• RNA virová MeSH
• virové plášťové proteiny MeSH

Triple gene block (TGB) sequences derived from isolates of ordinary Potato virus S (PVS-O) and Chenopodium-systemic (PVS-CS) were analyzed. Although the TGB sequences did not reveal any specific difference within the 7K protein, some specific differences within the 25K and 12K ORFs were found. In order to investigate a possible functional divergence of PVS-O and PVS-CS TGB variants, these genes were propagated in chimeric Potato virus X (PVX). Both PVS TGB variants partly complemented PVX TGB in Nicotiana benthamiana. The recombinant viruses multiplied to lower titer than the wild-type PVX in N. benthamiana showed attenuated symptoms. Whereas the recombinant PVX variants were also propagated systemically in Nicotiana glutinosa, Celosia argentea, Nicotiana occidentalis and chimeric PVX bearing TGB from PVS-O in Solanum lycopersicum, neither were propagated systemically in Chenopodium quinoa nor in Nicotiana tabacum cv. Samsun nn and the PVX-resistant Solanum tuberosum cv. Szignal. The potential for recombinant viruses to be transmitted by the aphid Myzus persicae was investigated. Aphid transmission in the recombinant virus was obtained by replacing PVX TGB by TGB from the PVS-CS isolate. These results show the potential function of Carlavirus TGB in aphid transmissibility and underlines the possible biological risks from certain recombinant virus variants.

• MeSH
• Carlavirus genetika   patogenita   MeSH
• Celosia virologie   MeSH
• Chenopodium quinoa virologie   MeSH
• faktory virulence genetika   fyziologie   MeSH
• molekulární sekvence - údaje MeSH
• mšice virologie   MeSH
• nemoci rostlin virologie   MeSH
• sekvence aminokyselin MeSH
• sekvenční homologie aminokyselin MeSH
• shluková analýza MeSH
• Solanum lycopersicum virologie   MeSH
• tabák virologie   MeSH
• testy genetické komplementace MeSH
• virové proteiny genetika   fyziologie   MeSH
• virulence MeSH
• zvířata MeSH
• Check Tag
• zvířata MeSH
• Publikační typ
• časopisecké články MeSH
• práce podpořená grantem MeSH
• Názvy látek
• faktory virulence MeSH
• virové proteiny MeSH

Complete genomes of three isolates of Potato virus S (PVS) were cloned and sequenced. The PVS ORF-1 was characterized for the first time. It encodes a putative replication protein (RPT) that shares the highest homology (about 52%) with that of Blueberry scorch virus (BlScV). ORF-1 motifs, characteristic for carlaviruses were found for methyltransferase (MTR), helicase (HEL) and RNA-dependent RNA polymerase (RdRp). The complete sequence of PVS genome enabled to develop an immunocapture RT-PCR probing of the PVS genome. Using this system, the sequence variability of 11 genome zones was examined for 34 PVS isolates including 15 PVS-CS variants that caused a systemic infection in Chenopodium quinoa. A broad variability between PVS isolates and diverse sequence variants was found. cDNA fragments covering the coat protein (CP) leader and CP-coding region (approx. 420 bp) were pooled for PVS-O and Chenopodium-systemic PVS isolates (PVS-CS) and corresponding cDNA libraries were screened for sequence variants. Both cDNA pools differred mainly in the 5'-end of the CP gene. Methionine at the position 17 in combination with serine at the position 34 were frequently associated with the CS character of PVS. In general, hydrophobic and polar amino acids were characteristic for the positions 17 and 34, respectively in PVS-CS isolates. Genome probing and evolutionary distances suggested that the PVS-CS isolates analyzed were close to the ordinary European isolates of ordinary strain of PVS (PVS-O) but distant to the original Andean strain of PVS (PVS-A).

• MeSH
• Carlavirus chemie   genetika   MeSH
• genom virový * MeSH
• molekulární sekvence - údaje MeSH
• polymerázová řetězová reakce s reverzní transkripcí MeSH
• sekvenční analýza DNA MeSH
• sekvenční seřazení MeSH
• Solanum tuberosum virologie   MeSH
• virové proteiny genetika   MeSH
• Publikační typ
• časopisecké články MeSH
• práce podpořená grantem MeSH
• Názvy látek
• virové proteiny MeSH

Four mouse monoclonal antibodies (MoAbs)) against potato virus S Andean strain (PVSA) were tested. While MoAbs 2 and 3 reacted only with complete virions and were apparently specific for epitopes dependent on quaternary structure, MoAbs 1 and 4 appared to be conformation independent and reacted with exposed regions on native virions as well as on the surface of dissociated coat protein subunits. This seems to be an evidence of metatope existence. The results of competitive binding tests together with reaction patterns of individual MoAbs suggest that the used MoAbs reacted with at least two different epitopes on PVSA particles or polypeptide subunits. Immunoblot analysis of proteolytically cleaved PVSA capsid protein (CP) confirmed close proximity of epitopes recognized by MoAbs 1 and 4. Anti-PVS polyclonal antibody recognized both intact CP and its natural or artificial digest, while the MoAbs bound to intact CP only. These results indicate that the surface virus-specific epitopes are located near the terminus of CP molecule as it is characteristic for potyviruses.

• MeSH
• antigeny virové imunologie   MeSH
• Carlavirus imunologie   MeSH
• ELISA MeSH
• epitopy klasifikace   imunologie   MeSH
• imunoblotting MeSH
• kompetitivní vazba MeSH
• monoklonální protilátky imunologie   MeSH
• myši inbrední BALB C MeSH
• myši MeSH
• protilátky virové imunologie   MeSH
• Solanum tuberosum virologie   MeSH
• zvířata MeSH
• Check Tag
• myši MeSH
• zvířata MeSH
• Publikační typ
• časopisecké články MeSH
• práce podpořená grantem MeSH
• Názvy látek
• antigeny virové MeSH
• epitopy MeSH
• monoklonální protilátky MeSH
• protilátky virové MeSH