An unusual reassortant rotavirus A (RVA) strain was isolated during RVA surveillance in two previously hospitalized children in 2018. G/P typing revealed uncommon G9P[4] genotypes, so the strains were further characterized by Illumina next-generation sequencing. Whole-genome typing showed that the two strains had a DS-1-like backbone except for NSP2: G9-P[4]-I2-R2-C2-M2-A2-N1-T2-E2-H2. The two strains shared 99.9-100% nucleotide sequence identity in all genes.

• MeSH
• Phylogeny MeSH
• Genome, Viral MeSH
• Infant MeSH
• Humans MeSH
• Rotavirus Infections virology   MeSH
• Rotavirus classification   genetics   isolation & purification   MeSH
• Base Sequence MeSH
• Whole Genome Sequencing MeSH
• Check Tag
• Infant MeSH
• Humans MeSH
• Female MeSH
• Publication type
• Journal Article MeSH
• Geographicals
• Czech Republic MeSH

Rotavirus C (RVC) is a cause of gastroenteritis in swine and has a worldwide distribution. A total of 448 intestinal or faecal samples from pigs of all ages were tested for viruses causing gastroenteritis. RVC was detected in 118 samples (26.3%). To gain information on virus diversity, the complete coding nucleotide sequences of the VP7, VP4, VP6, NSP2, NSP4, and NSP5 genes of seven RVC strains were determined. Phylogenetic analysis of VP7 nucleotide sequence divided studied Czech strains into six G genotypes (G1, G3, G5-G7, and a newly described G10 genotype) based on an 85% identity cutoff value at the nucleotide level. Analysis of the VP4 gene revealed low nucleotide sequence identities between two Czech strains and other porcine (72.2-75.3%), bovine (74.1-74.6%), and human (69.1-69.3%) RVC strains. Thus, we propose that those two Czech porcine strains comprise a new RVC VP4 genotype, P8. Analysis of the VP6 gene showed 79.9-86.8% similarity at the nucleotide level between the Czech strains and other porcine RVC strains. According to the 87% identity cutoff value, we propose the existence of three new RVC VP6 genotypes, I8-I10. Analysis of the NSP4 gene divided porcine RVC strains into two clusters (the E1 genotype and the new E4 genotype, based on an 85% nucleotide sequence identity cutoff value). Our results indicate a degree of high genetic heterogeneity, not only in the variable VP7 and VP4 genes encoding the outer capsid proteins, but also in more-conserved genes encoding the inner capsid protein VP6 and the non-structural proteins NSP2, NSP4, and NSP5. This emphasizes the need for a whole-genome-sequence-based classification system.

• MeSH
• Phylogeny * MeSH
• Genetic Variation * MeSH
• Humans MeSH
• Molecular Sequence Data MeSH
• Swine Diseases virology   MeSH
• Cattle Diseases virology   MeSH
• Swine MeSH
• Rotavirus Infections veterinary   virology   MeSH
• Rotavirus chemistry   classification   genetics   isolation & purification   MeSH
• Amino Acid Sequence MeSH
• Base Sequence MeSH
• Sequence Analysis, DNA MeSH
• Sequence Homology, Amino Acid MeSH
• Cattle MeSH
• Viral Proteins chemistry   genetics   MeSH
• Animals MeSH
• Check Tag
• Humans MeSH
• Cattle MeSH
• Animals MeSH
• Publication type
• Journal Article MeSH
• Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't MeSH
• Geographicals
• Czech Republic MeSH
• Names of Substances
• Viral Proteins MeSH

The surveillance study of rotavirus gastroenteritis at the University Teaching Hospital Trenčín area, Slovakia, during 2006-2011 confirmed that the genotype profile of circulating rotaviruses was not stable. While G1P[8] dominating genotype dropped from 75 to 7.3 % in the period 2009-2011, genotype G2P[4] that was not detected in 2009 raised to 45.1 % in 2011. Vaccination coverage rose from 4.4 to 22.1 % in the period 2008-2011. Among the community and hospital cases, we observed that the average age of patients with nosocomial infections was significantly less (10.6 months) than in the cases of community rotavirus gastroenteritis (RVGE) cases. Compared to the nosocomial infection cases, the duration of the disease and the duration of hospitalization among the community cases were significantly longer by 0.22 and 3.63 days, respectively, during 2006-2011. Though the vaccination coverage was found to correlate with changes in the type of the circulating rotaviruses, the natural circulation in rotavirus genotypes may not be excluded as important factor contributing to the emergence of G2P[4] strain during the survey period.

• MeSH
• Gastroenteritis epidemiology   virology   MeSH
• Genotype MeSH
• Cross Infection epidemiology   virology   MeSH
• Community-Acquired Infections epidemiology   virology   MeSH
• Humans MeSH
• Molecular Epidemiology MeSH
• Rotavirus Infections epidemiology   virology   MeSH
• Rotavirus classification   genetics   isolation & purification   MeSH
• Check Tag
• Humans MeSH
• Publication type
• Journal Article MeSH
• Geographicals
• Slovakia epidemiology   MeSH

Group C rotavirus (RVC) has been described to be a causative agent of gastroenteritis in humans and animals. In the current study, the presence of porcine RVC was confirmed in 25.6 % of 293 porcine faecal samples collected from seven Czech farms. A significantly larger (p < 0.05) number of RVC-positive samples was detected in groups of finisher pigs and post-weaning piglets (4-12 weeks of age). Phylogenetic analysis of nine RVC-positive Czech strains and their comparison with available sequence data for the gene encoding RVC group antigen VP6 revealed two separate lineages within porcine cluster I1.

• MeSH
• Antigens, Viral genetics   MeSH
• Feces virology   MeSH
• Phylogeny MeSH
• Genetic Variation MeSH
• Humans MeSH
• Swine Diseases epidemiology   virology   MeSH
• Swine MeSH
• Prevalence MeSH
• Rotavirus Infections epidemiology   veterinary   virology   MeSH
• Rotavirus classification   MeSH
• Cluster Analysis MeSH
• Capsid Proteins genetics   MeSH
• Animals MeSH
• Check Tag
• Humans MeSH
• Male MeSH
• Female MeSH
• Animals MeSH
• Publication type
• Journal Article MeSH
• Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't MeSH
• Geographicals
• Czech Republic epidemiology   MeSH
• Names of Substances
• Antigens, Viral MeSH
• Capsid Proteins MeSH
• VP6 protein, Rotavirus MeSH Browser

A total of 260 feces samples from children with confirmed rotavirus infection collected during 1999-2002 were serotyped, using enzymoimmunoassay with VP7 specific monoclonal antibodies for G1-G4 serotypes. The serotypes were identified in 185 feces, i.e. 71.2 %. Individual serotypes occurred in 43, 2, 16 and 2 %; 8 % samples reacted with 2 type-specific monoclonal antibodies. The G1 serotype was prevalent over the whole period. The G3 type occurred with a statistically higher significance in children of up to 36 months (chi2 = 4.6, p = 0.028). In 4 children a different serotype was demonstrated in the first and second, or in the second and third stools, respectively. No dominant serotype was found in children with nosocomial infection.

• MeSH
• Child MeSH
• Dysentery diagnosis   virology   MeSH
• Feces virology   MeSH
• Immunoassay methods   MeSH
• Cross Infection diagnosis   virology   MeSH
• Community-Acquired Infections diagnosis   virology   MeSH
• Infant MeSH
• Humans MeSH
• Infant, Newborn MeSH
• Child, Preschool MeSH
• Prospective Studies MeSH
• Rotavirus Infections diagnosis   virology   MeSH
• Rotavirus classification   isolation & purification   MeSH
• Serotyping methods   MeSH
• Check Tag
• Child MeSH
• Infant MeSH
• Humans MeSH
• Infant, Newborn MeSH
• Child, Preschool MeSH
• Publication type
• Journal Article MeSH
• Multicenter Study MeSH
• Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't MeSH
• Geographicals
• Czech Republic epidemiology   MeSH

A total of 368 rotavirus RNA-positive (PAGE) stool samples collected continually during 1992-95 from infants and young children under five years of age hospitalized with acute gastroenteritis were serotyped using an enzyme immunoassay with VP7-specific monoclonal antibodies (ELISA with MAbs) for serotypes G1-G4. The serotype was identified in 106 stool samples (29%). Comparison of electropherotype and serotype profile in individual samples did not show any remarkable correlation. The members of three electropherotypes (A, C, K) belonged to all 4 serotypes. The representatives of two electropherotypes (E, G) and of mixed electropherotype did not react with any of the specific monoclonal antibodies used. The distribution of the serotypes was scored as 52, 13, 14 and 7.5% for G1 G4, respectively, whereas 13% of samples reacted with two or more type-specific monoclonal antibodies. The G1 serotype dominated during the period followed.

• MeSH
• Antigens, Viral analysis   MeSH
• Electrophoresis, Polyacrylamide Gel MeSH
• Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay MeSH
• Feces virology   MeSH
• Infant MeSH
• Humans MeSH
• Child, Preschool MeSH
• Diarrhea epidemiology   microbiology   MeSH
• RNA, Viral analysis   MeSH
• Rotavirus Infections epidemiology   microbiology   MeSH
• Rotavirus classification   genetics   isolation & purification   MeSH
• Serotyping MeSH
• Check Tag
• Infant MeSH
• Humans MeSH
• Child, Preschool MeSH
• Publication type
• Journal Article MeSH
• Geographicals
• Slovakia epidemiology   MeSH
• Names of Substances
• Antigens, Viral MeSH
• RNA, Viral MeSH

During 1987-1989 the authors investigated by electrophoresis in a polyacrylamide gel (PAGE) the circulation of rotavirus electropherotypes in younger children admitted with diarrhoeal diseases to the infectious and paediatric clinic of the Faculty Hospital in Plzen. From 275 specimens of faeces with evidence of rotaviruses the electropherotype was assessed in 165 cases (60%). During the investigation period among the children five basic electropherotypes circulated. The authors did not reveal a predominance of a certain type. In the aetiology of 24 nosocomial infections, where the electropherotype was diagnosed, only types were represented found during the appropriate period in children admitted to the investigated department.

• MeSH
• Electrophoresis, Polyacrylamide Gel MeSH
• Infant MeSH
• Humans MeSH
• Infant, Newborn MeSH
• Diarrhea, Infantile microbiology   MeSH
• Rotavirus Infections diagnosis   microbiology   MeSH
• Rotavirus classification   isolation & purification   MeSH
• Check Tag
• Infant MeSH
• Humans MeSH
• Infant, Newborn MeSH
• Publication type
• English Abstract MeSH
• Journal Article MeSH

Using the method of electrophoresis in polyacrylamide gel (PAGE), the authors assessed electropherotypes of rotavirus RNA in extracts of 119 specimens of faeces of sick children and from neonates with asymptomatic rotavirus infection. In both investigated groups they detected electropherotypes of five profiles: of these three had the nature of "long" electropherotypes and were detected in 91.6% of the tested samples. In the group of sick children they recorded circulation of four electropherotypes with exchange of the dominant type of electropherotype after a three-year interval. In the group of healthy neonates they detected in the course of 21 months the same electropherotype, which was not detected in the group of sick children throughout the period of investigation. The identity of RNA profiles of strains from neonates was confirmed by co-electrophoresis.

• MeSH
• Child MeSH
• Electrophoresis, Polyacrylamide Gel * MeSH
• Gastroenteritis microbiology   MeSH
• Humans MeSH
• Infant, Newborn MeSH
• RNA, Viral analysis   MeSH
• Rotavirus classification   genetics   isolation & purification   MeSH
• Check Tag
• Child MeSH
• Humans MeSH
• Infant, Newborn MeSH
• Publication type
• English Abstract MeSH
• Journal Article MeSH
• Geographicals
• Czechoslovakia MeSH
• Names of Substances
• RNA, Viral MeSH