Avian tuberculosis was detected in one flock of 38 water birds of the families Ardeideae (n = 20) and Threskiornithidae (n = 18). Mycobacterium avium subsp. avium (MAA, serotype 1, genotype IS901+ and IS1245+) was more often (p = 0.01) detected in tissue and/or faecal samples in 18 (90.0%) birds form the Ardeideae family: little egret (Egretta garzetta), buff-backed heron (Bubulcus ibis), great white egret (Egretta alba), and bittern (Botaurus stellaris) in comparison to two (11.1%) birds from the Threskiornithidae family: sacred ibis (Threskiornis aethiopicus). Avian tuberculosis was not diagnosed in spoonbills (Platalea leucorodia). Tuberculous lesions were found in nine birds. MAA isolates of IS901 RFLP type F-C3 were present in all of the 20 infected birds and in all environmental isolates. A mixed infection with the MAA isolates of three RFLP types F-C3 (tissue isolate), G-C3, and T-C3 (faecal isolates) was found in one sacred ibis. All 20 tissue isolates of IS901 RFLP type F-C3 from 20 birds and 8 environmental MAA isolates were fully virulent in pullets, whilst the isolates of RFLP types G-C3 and T-C3 were non-virulent in pullets. All of the tested MAA isolates had the same IS1245 RFLP "bird profile". In 12 of 20 infected birds with MAA M.a. hominissuis isolates of serotypes 4, 8, 9 and genotype IS901- and IS1245+ were detected and in 8 other birds mycobacteria not belonging to the M. avium complex were found. The presence of MAA in the environment may be a source for further spread of the causal agent of avian tuberculosis among other groups of animals in zoological gardens, farm animals, and also among their keepers.
- MeSH
- divoká zvířata mikrobiologie MeSH
- druhová specificita MeSH
- hospodářská zvířata mikrobiologie MeSH
- mikrobiologie životního prostředí MeSH
- Mycobacterium avium klasifikace izolace a purifikace patogenita MeSH
- polymorfismus délky restrikčních fragmentů * MeSH
- ptačí tuberkulóza mikrobiologie patologie přenos MeSH
- ptáci MeSH
- sérotypizace veterinární MeSH
- techniky typizace bakterií metody veterinární MeSH
- virulence MeSH
- zvířata v ZOO mikrobiologie MeSH
- zvířata MeSH
- Check Tag
- zvířata MeSH
- Publikační typ
- časopisecké články MeSH
- práce podpořená grantem MeSH
We defined the role of the syrphid fly Eristalis tenax in the survival and transmission of mycobacteria in pigs. The conditionally pathogenic mycobacterial (CPM) species Mycobacterium chelonae was isolated from 10 % of liquid dung samples, and both M. chelonae and another CPM species M. fortuitum were isolated from 7 (78 %) of the examined E. tenax larvae collected from the same location. Mycobacteriosis of the lymph nodes of pigs from 3 infected farms was caused by M. avium subsp. avium, M. avium subsp. hominissuis, and M. fortuitum. M. avium subsp. avium and M. avium subsp. hominissuis of identical genotype and serotypes and M. fortuitum were isolated from 7 (1.9 %) larvae, 2 (7.4 %) puparia, and one (1.6 %) imago. The count of colony forming units isolated from larval skin covering (pouch) was higher (p < or = 0.01) than that isolated from the internal organs of larvae. These results showed the potential for E. tenax larvae to spread mycobacteria throughout pig herds and the surrounding environment.
- MeSH
- Diptera mikrobiologie MeSH
- hmyz - vektory mikrobiologie MeSH
- larva mikrobiologie MeSH
- Mycobacterium avium izolace a purifikace patogenita MeSH
- Mycobacterium izolace a purifikace MeSH
- mykobakteriózy mikrobiologie veterinární MeSH
- nemoci prasat mikrobiologie MeSH
- netuberkulózní mykobakterie izolace a purifikace MeSH
- rozdělení chí kvadrát MeSH
- Sus scrofa mikrobiologie MeSH
- zvířata MeSH
- Check Tag
- zvířata MeSH
- Publikační typ
- časopisecké články MeSH
- práce podpořená grantem MeSH
A set of 21 1-phenyl-5-benzylsulfanyltetrazoles substituted on the phenyl ring as well as on the benzyl moiety was evaluated for in vitro antimycobacterial activity against Mycobacterium avium and two strains of M. kansasii. We tried to use the Hansch approach, the Free-Wilson approach and their combination for structure-activity correlation but the calculations were statistically insignificant.
- MeSH
- antibakteriální látky chemie farmakologie MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- mikrobiální testy citlivosti MeSH
- Mycobacterium avium účinky léků patogenita MeSH
- Mycobacterium kansasii účinky léků patogenita MeSH
- techniky in vitro MeSH
- tetrazoly chemie farmakologie MeSH
- vztahy mezi strukturou a aktivitou MeSH
- Check Tag
- lidé MeSH
- Publikační typ
- časopisecké články MeSH
- práce podpořená grantem MeSH
- Názvy látek
- antibakteriální látky MeSH
- tetrazoly MeSH
A standardised method for PvuII-PstI-IS901 restriction fragment length polymorphism (RFLP) typing was developed and evaluated against 173 isolates of Mycobacterium avium subsp. avium and M. avium subsp. silvaticum originating from birds (N=46) and their aviaries (N=5), pigs (N=85), cattle (N=18), reference serotype strains (N=9), humans (N=7), a horse (N=1), a nutria (N=1), and strain M. avium subsp. avium ST 18 (formerly M. avium subsp. paratuberculosis ST 18). PvuII-IS1245 RFLP typing was also performed on all isolates. DNA was digested in parallel by restriction endonucleases PvuII or PstI and hybridised to standard probes prepared by PCR. DNA fingerprints were scanned by CCD camera and analysed by the Gel Compar (Applied Maths, Version 4.1, Kortrijk, Belgium) software using a standard isolate control profile. A total of 52 PvuII-PstI RFLP profiles was described including 25 PvuII RFLP profiles designated A to Y and 25 PstI RFLP profiles designated A1-L3. Profiles were found to be stable in vivo and in vitro after multiple subcultures. High IS901 copy number was associated with a "bird" PvuII-IS1245 RFLP profile and low IS901 copy number with M. avium subsp. avium isolates from humans and the nutria. A virulence assay of 100 IS901-positive isolates using intramuscular infections of pullets showed 83 isolates differentiated into 32 RFLP types to be virulent and 17 isolates differentiated into 12 RFLP types as nonvirulent. Attenuation of virulence for pullets could be attributed to either multiple in vitro subculture, polyclonal infection or human passage and was not related to IS901 or IS1245 profiles.
- MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- Mycobacterium avium klasifikace patogenita MeSH
- polymorfismus délky restrikčních fragmentů * MeSH
- ptáci mikrobiologie MeSH
- techniky typizace bakterií metody MeSH
- transpozibilní elementy DNA * MeSH
- virulence MeSH
- zvířata MeSH
- Check Tag
- lidé MeSH
- zvířata MeSH
- Publikační typ
- časopisecké články MeSH
- práce podpořená grantem MeSH
- Názvy látek
- transpozibilní elementy DNA * MeSH
The virulence of M. avium and M. intracellulare was studied in 16 experimentally infected pigs and on 174 animals coming from herds spontaneously infected with the mentioned Mycobacterium species. The result of the patho-anatomic examination and cultivation from samples of lymph nodes, organs, muscles, and excrements proved a higher virulence of M. avium to experimentally and spontaneously infected pigs, as compared with M. intracellulare. The strains of M. avium and M. intracellulare sensibilized all pigs to aviary tuberculin within 80 days from peroral and intranasal infection. Patho-anatomic changes in pigs spontaneously infected with M. avium were proved in 10% of the animals that showed a negative reaction to aviary tuberculin.
- MeSH
- Mycobacterium avium imunologie izolace a purifikace patogenita MeSH
- Mycobacterium izolace a purifikace patogenita MeSH
- nemoci prasat * mikrobiologie MeSH
- pozdní přecitlivělost komplikace MeSH
- prasata MeSH
- tuberkulinový test MeSH
- tuberkulóza komplikace mikrobiologie veterinární MeSH
- virulence MeSH
- zvířata MeSH
- Check Tag
- zvířata MeSH
- Publikační typ
- anglický abstrakt MeSH
- časopisecké články MeSH
