Macrolepiota procera (MP) is an edible mushroom used in the treatment of diabetes, hypertension and inflammation. However, the structure and biological effects of its polysaccharides (PSs) are unclear. This study investigates the structural features of a PS complex from MP (MP-PSC), its immunomodulatory activities and effects on probiotic and pathogenic bacteria. MP-PSC was obtained by boiling water, and PSs were characterized by 2D NMR spectroscopy. The immunomodulatory effects on blood and derived neutrophils, other leukocytes, and murine macrophages were studied by flow cytometry, chemiluminescence, spectrophotometry, and ELISA. The total carbohydrate content of MP-PSC was 74.2%, with glycogen occupying 36.7%, followed by β-D-glucan, α-L-fuco-2-(1,6)-D-galactan, and β-D-glucomannan. MP-PSC (200 μg/mL) increased the number of CD14+ monocyte cells in the blood, after ex vivo incubation for 24 h. It dose-dependently (50-200 μg/mL) activated the spontaneous oxidative burst of whole blood phagocytes, NO, and interleukin 6 productions in RAW264.7 cells. MP-PSC exhibited a low antioxidant activity and failed to suppress the oxidative burst and NO generation, induced by inflammatory agents. It (2.0%, w/v) stimulated probiotic co-cultures and hindered the growth and biofilm development of Escherichia coli, Streptococcus mutans and Salmonella enterica. MP PSs can be included in synbiotics to test their immunostimulating effects on compromised immune systems and gut health.

• Klíčová slova
• Clostridium beijerinckii, Escherichia coli, Macrolepiota procera, NMR, biofilm, immunomodulatory activity, inflammation, polysaccharides, prebiotic activity, probiotic bacteria,
• Publikační typ
• časopisecké články MeSH

New foods and natural biological modulators have recently become of scientific interest in the investigation of the value of traditional medical therapeutics. Glucans have an important part in this renewed interest. These fungal wall components are claimed to be useful for various medical purposes and they are obtained from medicinal mushrooms commonly used in traditional Oriental medicine. The immunotherapeutic properties of fungi extracts have been reported, including the enhancement of anticancer immunity responses. These properties are principally related to the stimulation of cells of the innate immune system. The discovery of specific receptors for glucans on dendritic cells (dectin-1), as well as interactions with other receptors, mainly expressed by innate immune cells (e.g., Toll-like receptors, complement receptor-3), have raised new attention toward these products as suitable therapeutic agents. We briefly review the characteristics of the glucans from mycelial walls as modulators of the immunity and their possible use as antitumor treatments.

• MeSH
• adjuvancia imunologická chemie   terapeutické užití   MeSH
• Agaricales chemie   MeSH
• beta-glukany chemie   terapeutické užití   MeSH
• buněčné extrakty terapeutické užití   MeSH
• dendritické buňky účinky léků   MeSH
• lektiny typu C metabolismus   MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• makrofágy účinky léků   imunologie   MeSH
• myši MeSH
• přirozená imunita účinky léků   MeSH
• protinádorové látky chemie   imunologie   terapeutické užití   MeSH
• signální transdukce imunologie   MeSH
• tradiční orientální medicína MeSH
• zvířata MeSH
• Check Tag
• lidé MeSH
• myši MeSH
• zvířata MeSH
• Publikační typ
• časopisecké články MeSH
• práce podpořená grantem MeSH
• přehledy MeSH
• Názvy látek
• adjuvancia imunologická MeSH
• beta-glukany MeSH
• buněčné extrakty MeSH
• dectin 1 MeSH Prohlížeč
• lektiny typu C MeSH
• protinádorové látky MeSH