The occurrence of Staphylococcus aureus in rabbit feces, cecum and meat and its enterotoxin production, susceptibility to antibiotics and its sensitivity or resistance to bacteriocins produced by enterococci with probiotic properties were determined. Isolates were resistant to ampicillin, penicillin, phosphomycin and methicillin; a high percentage of susceptibility was also recorded to vancomycin, chloramphenicol, tetracycline and tobramycin. S. aureus isolates did not produce enterotoxins and were sensitive to partially purified enterocins (PPB) EK13, AL41 and EF2019 in the range of 100 to 12800 AU/mL; all S. aureus isolates, except the strain SA 2A/3, exhibited the highest sensitivity to PPB EK13. On the other hand, all strains were resistant to PPB CCM4231.

• MeSH
• Bacteriocins metabolism   MeSH
• Cecum microbiology   MeSH
• Feces microbiology   MeSH
• Animals, Domestic microbiology   MeSH
• Rabbits MeSH
• Meat microbiology   MeSH
• Microbial Sensitivity Tests MeSH
• Drug Resistance, Multiple, Bacterial * MeSH
• Bridged-Ring Compounds metabolism   MeSH
• Methicillin Resistance * MeSH
• Staphylococcus aureus drug effects   isolation & purification   MeSH
• Animals MeSH
• Check Tag
• Rabbits MeSH
• Male MeSH
• Female MeSH
• Animals MeSH
• Publication type
• Journal Article MeSH
• Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't MeSH
• Geographicals
• Slovakia MeSH
• Names of Substances
• Bacteriocins MeSH
• enterocin MeSH Browser
• Bridged-Ring Compounds MeSH

During 1999-2005 we treated 15 patients with linezolid for relevant infections of locomotion apparatus (7 cases with endoprosthesis infection, 5x osteomyelitis and 3x another infection). With the exception of one case the antibiotic therapy was always combined with appropriate surgical intervention. Average period of linezolid administration was 26 d; linezolid was applied from the beginning intravenously on average for 10 d, and then orally for 16 d (average). There were no undesirable effects in the file. Success rate reached 86.6%. MRSA strains were proved by standard methods: growth on Mueller-Hinton agar with increased concentration of NaCl and 2 mg/L of oxacilline, and measuring inhibitory zones around cephoxitine disk. The sensitivity to other antibiotics was specified by disk-diffusion test; that to linezolid was verified by E-test. Linezolid represents a medical reserve for the treatment of multiresistant Gram-positive infections or for emergencies, when allergy onset, high toxicity risk, intolerance, etc. do not allow to use other, in vitro effective, antibiotics.

• MeSH
• Acetamides therapeutic use   MeSH
• Anti-Infective Agents therapeutic use   MeSH
• Adult MeSH
• Prosthesis-Related Infections drug therapy   microbiology   MeSH
• Middle Aged MeSH
• Humans MeSH
• Linezolid MeSH
• Microbial Sensitivity Tests MeSH
• Osteomyelitis drug therapy   microbiology   MeSH
• Oxazolidinones therapeutic use   MeSH
• Methicillin Resistance drug effects   MeSH
• Aged MeSH
• Staphylococcal Infections drug therapy   MeSH
• Staphylococcus aureus drug effects   MeSH
• Treatment Outcome MeSH
• Check Tag
• Adult MeSH
• Middle Aged MeSH
• Humans MeSH
• Male MeSH
• Aged MeSH
• Female MeSH
• Publication type
• Journal Article MeSH
• Clinical Trial MeSH
• Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't MeSH
• Names of Substances
• Acetamides MeSH
• Anti-Infective Agents MeSH
• Linezolid MeSH
• Oxazolidinones MeSH

Mutations extended the host range of the polyvalent bacteriophage 812 of the family Myoviridae in up to 95 % of Staphylococcus aureus strains and 43 % of strains of different coagulase-positive and -negative Staphylococcus species. Mutational changes in the genome of several host-range mutants of phage 812 were identified. Host-range mutant 812F1 harbors a deletion in endolysin gene that arose together with intron excision. Four mutants (812i, 812b, 812p, 812F3) harbor deletion in the structural gene orf8 that results from a genome rearrangement associated with intron insertion. This rearrangement was also detected in the genome of the closely related phages U16 and phi131. Another intron was discovered in the recA812 gene in these four mutants. An insertion was found in a non-coding region of the restriction fragment PstI-O of three mutants (812b, 812F3, 812g) and phages U16 and phi131. The above results contribute to the explanation of genetic factors affecting the host range of polyvalent staphylococcal bacteriophages.

• MeSH
• Bacteriophages genetics   MeSH
• Endopeptidases chemistry   genetics   MeSH
• Genome, Viral * MeSH
• Molecular Sequence Data MeSH
• Mutation * MeSH
• Reverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain Reaction MeSH
• Polymorphism, Restriction Fragment Length MeSH
• Viral Tail Proteins chemistry   genetics   MeSH
• RNA, Viral chemistry   genetics   MeSH
• Amino Acid Sequence MeSH
• Base Sequence MeSH
• Sequence Alignment MeSH
• Staphylococcus aureus virology   MeSH
• Publication type
• Journal Article MeSH
• Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't MeSH
• Names of Substances
• endolysin MeSH Browser
• Endopeptidases MeSH
• Viral Tail Proteins MeSH
• RNA, Viral MeSH

We describe bacteriophage therapy in the case of a healthcare worker whose gastrointestinal tract was colonized by methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) with subsequent urinary tract infection caused by the same pathogen. Oral treatment with anti-MRSA phages resulted in eradication of the carrier status.

• MeSH
• Bacteriophages * MeSH
• Adult MeSH
• Humans MeSH
• Carrier State prevention & control   MeSH
• Infectious Disease Transmission, Professional-to-Patient prevention & control   MeSH
• Methicillin Resistance * MeSH
• Staphylococcal Infections prevention & control   therapy   virology   MeSH
• Staphylococcus aureus drug effects   virology   MeSH
• Nurses MeSH
• Check Tag
• Adult MeSH
• Humans MeSH
• Female MeSH
• Publication type
• Journal Article MeSH
• Case Reports MeSH
• Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't MeSH

A rapid and simple microdilution technique on 96-well microplate based on turbidimetry was optimized and validated for screening of antimicrobial activity against erythromycin-resistant bacterial strains of Streptococcus pyogenes and Staphylococcus simulans isolated from Finnish patients. Using S. pyogenes ATCC 12351 as reference strain the developed method was evaluated by reproducibility measurements and using parameters typically employed for screening methods, i.e. signal-to-background, signal-to-noise and a screening-window coefficient, the Z' factor. The method was further used for screening a group of natural compounds and their synthetic derivatives against resistant bacterial strains. Of these, octyl and dodecyl gallates, and usnic and ursolic acids were the most active. The described method is a rapid, homogeneous, cost-effective and easy-to-perform system for screening of new potential antimicrobial agents in drug discovery.

• MeSH
• Anti-Bacterial Agents chemistry   pharmacology   MeSH
• Drug Resistance, Bacterial * MeSH
• Time Factors MeSH
• Erythromycin pharmacology   MeSH
• Flavonoids pharmacology   MeSH
• Hydroxybenzoates pharmacology   MeSH
• Coumarins pharmacology   MeSH
• Gallic Acid analogs & derivatives   pharmacology   MeSH
• Humans MeSH
• Microbial Sensitivity Tests methods   standards   MeSH
• Nephelometry and Turbidimetry MeSH
• Penicillin G pharmacology   MeSH
• Staphylococcus drug effects   growth & development   MeSH
• Streptococcus pyogenes drug effects   growth & development   MeSH
• Check Tag
• Humans MeSH
• Publication type
• Journal Article MeSH
• Evaluation Study MeSH
• Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't MeSH
• Geographicals
• Finland MeSH
• Names of Substances
• Anti-Bacterial Agents MeSH
• Erythromycin MeSH
• Flavonoids MeSH
• Hydroxybenzoates MeSH
• Coumarins MeSH
• Gallic Acid MeSH
• lauryl gallate MeSH Browser
• octyl gallate MeSH Browser
• Penicillin G MeSH
• phenolic acid MeSH Browser