Nanofibrous zein/PEG based membranes incorporated with natural antimicrobial compounds were fabricated by electrospinning method. Structural and thermal analysis of prepared nanofibers revealed that the applied processing technique did not significantly affect the structure of pristine zein polymer. Morphological characterization showed a higher degree of polydispersity in the fibers modified with eugenol, thymol, nisin, or their combinations, and an average fiber diameter in the range from 300 to 390 nm. Nanofibrous samples with eugenol and thymol prevented the growth of Escherichia coli and Staphylococcus aureus, while the nisin or its mixtures with phenols proved a high antibacterial effect against Gram-positive Listeria ivanovii. Zein/PEG membranes with bioactive molecules significantly eliminated biofilm formation, with the most pronounced effect of zein/PEG/Eug/Thy combination. Biodegradability testing of bioactive membranes revealed no significant slowdown of degradation process in comparison to control sample. Zein/PEG hydrophilic nanofibers enriched with phenol/nisin combinations demonstrated a high potential for development of sustainable packaging to improve the shelf-life and quality of foods.
- Klíčová slova
- Antibacterial, Antibiofilm, Biodegradable, Nanofibers, Nisin, Sustainable, Zein,
- MeSH
- antibakteriální látky farmakologie chemie MeSH
- antiinfekční látky * farmakologie chemie MeSH
- biofilmy účinky léků MeSH
- Escherichia coli účinky léků MeSH
- Listeria účinky léků MeSH
- mikrobiální testy citlivosti MeSH
- nanovlákna * chemie ultrastruktura MeSH
- nisin farmakologie chemie MeSH
- obaly potravin * metody MeSH
- polyethylenglykoly * chemie MeSH
- Staphylococcus aureus účinky léků MeSH
- zein * chemie MeSH
- Publikační typ
- časopisecké články MeSH
- Názvy látek
- antibakteriální látky MeSH
- antiinfekční látky * MeSH
- nisin MeSH
- polyethylenglykoly * MeSH
- zein * MeSH
Antibacterial biodegradable PLA-based nanofibers loaded with phenolic monoterpenes - thymol, eugenol, carvacrol, and cinnamaldehyde, were prepared by electrospinning. The effect of bioactive molecule on the surface, thermal, morphological, and biological properties has been investigated about the potential pharmaceutical and food processing applications. Fiber diameters ranged from 320 nm for PLA fibrous mat up to 480 nm for PLA membrane with 6 % thymol. All the prepared active nanofibers exhibited hydrophobic surfaces with a slightly decreasing contact angle after the incorporation of phenols. Antimicrobial testing proved a strong efficiency against Escherichia coli and Staphylococcus aureus, depending on the specific type and content of the bioactive compound. A significant biofilm formation reduction of bioactive PLA nanofibers was revealed against tested microorganisms. Modification of PLA fibers with active molecules did not significantly affect the biodegradation kinetics in comparison to PLA samples with their absence. This study demonstrates the high potential of newly developed PLA-based/phenol nanofibrous membranes for use as antibacterial and antifouling systems applicable in wound dressings and food packaging.
- Klíčová slova
- Antibacterial, Antifouling, Biodegradable, Biomedical applications, Electrospinning, Polylactic acid, Sustainable,
- MeSH
- antibakteriální látky * farmakologie chemie MeSH
- biofilmy účinky léků MeSH
- cymeny MeSH
- Escherichia coli účinky léků MeSH
- fenoly * chemie farmakologie MeSH
- mikrobiální testy citlivosti MeSH
- monoterpeny * chemie farmakologie MeSH
- nanovlákna * chemie ultrastruktura MeSH
- obaly potravin MeSH
- polyestery * chemie MeSH
- Staphylococcus aureus účinky léků MeSH
- Publikační typ
- časopisecké články MeSH
- Názvy látek
- antibakteriální látky * MeSH
- carvacrol MeSH Prohlížeč
- cymeny MeSH
- fenoly * MeSH
- monoterpeny * MeSH
- poly(lactide) MeSH Prohlížeč
- polyestery * MeSH
The increasing spread of Acne vulgaris makes antibacterial agents increasingly important, especially for patients, who cannot use systemic antibacterial therapeutics. Recently, polymeric nano- and submicron-fibers with have attracted increasing interest in cosmetic and dermatological applications. Combined with the Vapor Phase Infiltration (VPI) process, the fibers serve as containers for the growth of metal oxides for a later use. We address the use of antibacterial agents by developing active antibacterial polymer-inorganic composites without any ZnO nanoparticles on the surface that are loose and would potentially detach. We fabricate poly(vinyl alcohol) fibers by centrifugal spinning and then infiltrate them with ZnO by applying 1 to 128 VPI cycles in the fluidized bed Atomic Layer Deposition reactor. The fibers´ morphology and structure is investigated by Scanning and Transmission Electron Microscopies and X-ray diffractometry. The presence of Zn and its uniform distribution on the surface is confirmed by scanning TEM Energy Dispersive X-ray spectroscopy. The prepared materials are subsequently tested for their antibacterial activity against Cutibacterium acnes and Staphylococcus epidermidis, main acne-causing bacteria. The results of antibacterial activity show that PVA fibers infiltrated with ZnO nanocrystals by >32 VPI cycles effectively inhibit growth of the acne-causing bacteria. Moreover, the homogeneous distribution of ZnO nanocrystals infiltrated within the fibers ensures the immediate release of Zn2+ while preserving the fibrous structure, in contrast to fibers with nanoparticles prepared directly from the spinning solution. Therefore, the study suggests that the PVA fibers infiltrated with ZnO exhibit promising potential as a material for anti-acne face masks.
- Klíčová slova
- Acne vulgaris, Antibacterial activity, Centrifugal spinning, Nanocrystals, Vapor phase infiltration, ZnO,
- MeSH
- acne vulgaris * farmakoterapie mikrobiologie MeSH
- antibakteriální látky * aplikace a dávkování chemie farmakologie MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- mikrobiální testy citlivosti MeSH
- nanočástice chemie MeSH
- oxid zinečnatý * chemie aplikace a dávkování MeSH
- polyvinylalkohol * chemie aplikace a dávkování MeSH
- Propionibacteriaceae účinky léků MeSH
- Propionibacterium acnes účinky léků MeSH
- Staphylococcus epidermidis účinky léků MeSH
- Check Tag
- lidé MeSH
- Publikační typ
- časopisecké články MeSH
- Názvy látek
- antibakteriální látky * MeSH
- oxid zinečnatý * MeSH
- polyvinylalkohol * MeSH
A novel lytic phage with a broad host range was isolated from pig faeces and the complete genome was subsequently sequenced. The phage was found to lyse Staphylococcus hyicus, S. pseudintermedius, S. schleiferi and S. warneri, generating approximately 27 PFU per infected S. hyicus cell. The phage has an isometric head of 42 ± 2 nm in diameter and a noncontractile tail of 114 ± 9 nm long. The genome is 53,660 bp in size and consists of 79 predicted ORFs and one tRNAArg gene. The phage has been classified within the Caudoviricetes, specifically the Chaseviridae family. Its broad host range and absence of harmful genes make it suitable for use in phage therapy. In addition, a novel temperate phage was discovered that was spontaneously released from a S. hyicus isolate Pel11 from a pig with exudative epidermitis. This novel temperate phage differs from the known temperate phages in S. hyicus strains NCTC10350, MM2101 or 83/7-1B, representing a novel pathogenicity element in the S. hyicus genome.
- Klíčová slova
- Alternative to antibiotics, Exudative epidermitis, Lytic phage, Temperate phage,
- MeSH
- feces virologie MeSH
- fylogeneze MeSH
- genom virový MeSH
- hostitelská specificita MeSH
- otevřené čtecí rámce MeSH
- prasata MeSH
- stafylokokové bakteriofágy * genetika izolace a purifikace klasifikace ultrastruktura fyziologie MeSH
- Staphylococcus * virologie genetika MeSH
- zvířata MeSH
- Check Tag
- zvířata MeSH
- Publikační typ
- časopisecké články MeSH
The study introduces a novel method for fabricating crosslinked chitosan/polypyrrole (PPy) composite nanofibers with covalently anchored PPy. Crosslinking is achieved already during electrospinning by using dialdehyde cellulose (DAC) as a dual-functioning reagent able to simultaneously crosslink chitosan nanofibers and covalently tether PPy nanoparticles by a newly discovered aldol condensation reaction. The presented method eliminates the need for postprocessing steps. It reduces the environmental impact by avoiding toxic organic chemicals while preventing PPy leaching and improving prepared composite nanofibers' mechanical and biological properties. A direct comparison to neat chitosan nanofibres was performed to demonstrate the superiority of prepared composites. The resulting crosslinked CHIT_DAC_PPy composite nanofibers have increased tensile strength, improved stability at low pH, conductivity up to 11 mS/cm, and higher swelling compared to neat CHIT nanofibers. They also possess significantly enhanced antibacterial activity against gram-positive S. aureus, higher antioxidant activity, increased immunomodulatory effects, and substantially higher acceleration of wound healing in vitro. CHIT_DAC_PPy nanofibrous composite thus shows significant potential for fabricating advanced wound dressings.
- Klíčová slova
- Chitosan, Nanofibers, Polypyrrole,
- MeSH
- antibakteriální látky * farmakologie chemie MeSH
- antioxidancia * farmakologie chemie MeSH
- celulosa * chemie analogy a deriváty farmakologie MeSH
- chitosan * chemie farmakologie MeSH
- hojení ran účinky léků MeSH
- imunologické faktory * farmakologie chemie MeSH
- mikrobiální testy citlivosti MeSH
- myši MeSH
- nanovlákna * chemie ultrastruktura MeSH
- pevnost v tahu MeSH
- polymery * chemie farmakologie MeSH
- pyrroly * chemie farmakologie MeSH
- Staphylococcus aureus účinky léků MeSH
- zvířata MeSH
- Check Tag
- myši MeSH
- zvířata MeSH
- Publikační typ
- časopisecké články MeSH
- Názvy látek
- antibakteriální látky * MeSH
- antioxidancia * MeSH
- celulosa * MeSH
- chitosan * MeSH
- imunologické faktory * MeSH
- polymery * MeSH
- polypyrrole MeSH Prohlížeč
- pyrroly * MeSH
Macrococci are usually found as commensals on the skin and mucosa of animals and have been isolated from mammal-derived fermented foods; however, they can also act as opportunistic pathogens. Here, we used whole-genome sequencing, comparative genomics, extensive biotyping, MALDI-TOF mass spectrometry, and chemotaxonomy to characterize Macrococcus sp. strains isolated from livestock and human-related specimens. Based on the results of polyphasic taxonomy, we propose the species Macrococcus psychrotolerans sp. nov. (type strain NRL/St 95/376T = CCM 8659T = DSM 111350T) belonging to the Macrococcus caseolyticus phylogenetic clade. It grows at 4°C, and the core genome of the isolates contains suspected genes contributing to low-temperature tolerance. Variable genetic elements include prophages, chromosomal islands, a composite staphylococcal cassette chromosome island, and many plasmids that affect the overall genome expansion and adaptation to specific ecological settings of the studied isolates. Large plasmids carrying the methicillin resistance gene mecB were identified in M. psychrotolerans sp. nov. strains and confirmed as self-transmissible to Staphylococcus aureus in vitro. In addition to plasmids with circular topology, a 150-kb-long linear plasmid with 14.1-kb-long inverted terminal repeats, harboring many IS elements and putative genes for a type IV secretion system was revealed. The described strains were isolated from human clinical material, food-producing animals, meat, and a wooden cheese board and have the potential to proliferate at refrigerator temperatures. Their presence in the food chain and human infections indicates that attention needs to be paid to this potential novel opportunistic pathogen.IMPORTANCEThe study offers insights into the phenotypic and genomic features of a novel species of the genus Macrococcus that occurs in livestock, food, and humans. The large number of diverse mobile genetic elements contributes to the adaptation of macrococci to various environments. The ability of the described microorganisms to grow at refrigerator temperatures, enabled by genes that are predicted to contribute to low-temperature tolerance, raises food safety concerns. Confirmed in vitro conjugative transfer of plasmid-borne mecB gene to S. aureus poses a significant risk of spread of broad β-lactam resistance. In addition, the intergeneric plasmid transfer to S. aureus is indicative of horizontal gene transfer events that may be more frequent than generally accepted. Determining a complete sequence and gene content of linear megaplasmid with exceptional topology for the Staphylococcaceae family suggests its possible role in shuttling adaptive traits through an exchange of genetic information.
- Klíčová slova
- Gram-positive cocci, cephalosporin resistance, cold temperature tolerance, conjugation, food safety, linear plasmid, methicillin resistance,
- MeSH
- antibakteriální látky * farmakologie MeSH
- bakteriální proteiny * genetika metabolismus MeSH
- beta-laktamová rezistence * genetika MeSH
- dobytek mikrobiologie MeSH
- Enterococcaceae * genetika izolace a purifikace účinky léků MeSH
- fylogeneze MeSH
- genom bakteriální MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- plazmidy MeSH
- přenos genů horizontální MeSH
- sekvenování celého genomu MeSH
- stafylokokové infekce mikrobiologie MeSH
- Staphylococcus aureus * genetika účinky léků MeSH
- zvířata MeSH
- Check Tag
- lidé MeSH
- zvířata MeSH
- Publikační typ
- časopisecké články MeSH
- Názvy látek
- antibakteriální látky * MeSH
- bakteriální proteiny * MeSH
Bacterial diseases are a global problem that threatens human health and cause many deaths each year. The alarming rise in bacterial resistance to modern antimicrobials is particularly concerning. In practice, this necessitates increasing the dosage of antimicrobial agents, posing a potential risk of adverse effects on human health. Additionally, the development of antibiotic resistance is one of the main factors contributing to the ever-growing costs of the global healthcare system. For these reasons, natural and safe antimicrobial agents are increasingly sought after. In this study, the antibacterial activity of 31 different essential oils (EOs) was investigated against Escherichia coli and Staphylococcus aureus. The most effective EOs were further tested both individually and in dual combinations. Minimum inhibitory concentrations (MICs) and fractional inhibitory concentrations (FICs) were determined to reveal synergistic effects, suggesting potential practical applications. The main bioactive compounds of the EOs with the highest inhibitory activity were identified and quantified using GC-MS/MS analysis. Of the tested EOs, seven demonstrated a strong antimicrobial effect against E. coli, most notably oregano (MIC 128 µg/mL) and the thyme/oregano combination (MIC 64 µg/mL, FIC 0.75), while thirteen were effective against S. aureus, most notably oregano and garlic (MIC 128 µg/mL),and the pelargonium/garlic combination (MIC 32 µg/mL, FIC 0.375). The pharmaceutical, agricultural, and food industries are promising fields for the application of these safe and natural antimicrobial agents, offering a new range of solutions to combat serious bacterial pathogens.
- Klíčová slova
- Escherichia coli, Staphylococcus aureus, essential oil/GC-MS/MS, fractional inhibitory concentration, minimal inhibition concentration,
- MeSH
- antibakteriální látky * farmakologie chemie MeSH
- Escherichia coli účinky léků MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- mikrobiální testy citlivosti MeSH
- oleje prchavé * farmakologie chemie MeSH
- oleje rostlin * farmakologie chemie MeSH
- Staphylococcus aureus účinky léků MeSH
- synergismus léků MeSH
- Check Tag
- lidé MeSH
- Publikační typ
- časopisecké články MeSH
- Názvy látek
- antibakteriální látky * MeSH
- oleje prchavé * MeSH
- oleje rostlin * MeSH
Mine aerosol poses a serious health threat due to its easy access to the human respiratory tract. Damage may be caused by the chemical composition of dust and the substances adsorbed on its surface, including microorganisms that potentially affect human health. Our proposed research aimed to isolate Staphylococcus aureus strains from coal mine bioaerosol and to assess its sensitivity towards selected antibiotics. Bioaerosol samples were collected in three underground hard coal mines located in Upper Silesia in southern Poland. Microbiological tests of the air samples were carried out according to standard microbiological techniques. All tested strains of Staphylococcus aureus were sensitive to oxacillin, which indicated the lack of methicillin-resistant isolates (MRSA) in the tested group. However, antibiotic resistance from macrolide and lincosamide groups was observed among certain strains. 10% of isolates were constitutive MLSB resistance, while 4% of strains were inductive MLSB resistance. Less than 1% of isolates were erythromycin-resistant and clindamycin-sensitive (MSB). Based on the Chi-square test, statistically significant differences were found in the frequency of MSB, MLSB inductive, and MLSB constitutive phenotypes. Almost 30% of the identified strains showed multi-antibiotic resistance. However, the Chi-square test did not reveal any statistically significant differences in the frequency of multidrug-resistant strains in the considered research areas. The analyses carried out constituted the first study related to the isolation and assessment of drug susceptibility of Staphylococcus aureus in the bioaerosol of hard coal mines. Identification of bioaerosol in underground coal mines is a key issue because, due to the presence of pathogens, it plays a significant role in limiting the spread of occupational diseases. For the health of miners, research into microbial communities benefits the promotion of microbiological control of mine air.
- Klíčová slova
- Bioaerosol, Drug sensitivity, Mining excavations, Respirable dust, Staphylococci,
- MeSH
- antibakteriální látky * farmakologie MeSH
- bakteriální léková rezistence * MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- methicilin rezistentní Staphylococcus aureus izolace a purifikace účinky léků MeSH
- mikrobiální testy citlivosti MeSH
- mikrobiologie vzduchu * MeSH
- mnohočetná bakteriální léková rezistence MeSH
- Staphylococcus aureus * účinky léků izolace a purifikace MeSH
- těžba uhlí * MeSH
- Check Tag
- lidé MeSH
- Publikační typ
- časopisecké články MeSH
- Geografické názvy
- Polsko MeSH
- Názvy látek
- antibakteriální látky * MeSH
BACKGROUND: Antimicrobial lock therapy is recommended for preventing and treating catheter-related bloodstream infections, but different solutions have uncertain efficacy. METHODS: Two locks, 1.35% taurolidine and 4% ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid (EDTA), were tested on Staphylococcus epidermidis, Staphylococcus aureus, methicillin-resistant S. aureus, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, multidrug-resistant P. aeruginosa, vancomycin-resistant Enterococcus faecium, Klebsiella oxytoca (carbapenemase producing), K. pneumoniae (extended-spectrum β-lactamase producing), Candida albicans, and Candida glabrata. Broviac catheter segments were incubated with these organisms and then exposed to various lock solutions. Colony-forming units (CFUs) were counted after 2, 4, and 24 h of incubation. RESULTS: Taurolidine showed a significant decrease in CFUs after 2 h in S. aureus, S. epidermidis, methicillin-resistant S. aureus, vancomycin-resistant E. faecium, P. aeruginosa (both sensitive and multidrug-resistant strains), K. oxytoca, C. albicans, and C. glabrata. After 4 h, significant reductions were noted in S. aureus, S. epidermidis, methicillin-resistant S. aureus, P. aeruginosa, multidrug-resistant P. aeruginosa, K. pneumoniae, K. oxytoca, and C. albicans. Taurolidine was also effective after 24 h, especially against methicillin-resistant S. aureus and multidrug-resistant P. aeruginosa. Four percent EDTA acid showed a significant reduction in CFUs after 2 h in S. aureus, vancomycin-resistant E. faecium, P. aeruginosa, K. oxytoca, C. albicans, and C. glabrata. After 4 h, reductions occurred in P. aeruginosa, multidrug-resistant P. aeruginosa, K. oxytoca, and C. albicans and after 24 h in methicillin-resistant S. aureus, P. aeruginosa, and K. oxytoca. CONCLUSION: Taurolidine is more effective than 4% EDTA acid in eradicating Gram-positive and Gram-negative microorganisms and fungi.
- Klíčová slova
- antimicrobial lock, catheter‐related blood stream infection, ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid, home parenteral nutrition, taurolidine, venous catheter,
- MeSH
- antiinfekční látky * farmakologie MeSH
- Candida albicans účinky léků MeSH
- EDTA * farmakologie MeSH
- katétrové infekce * prevence a kontrola mikrobiologie MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- methicilin rezistentní Staphylococcus aureus účinky léků MeSH
- mikrobiální testy citlivosti MeSH
- počet mikrobiálních kolonií MeSH
- Pseudomonas aeruginosa účinky léků MeSH
- Staphylococcus aureus účinky léků MeSH
- Staphylococcus epidermidis účinky léků MeSH
- taurin * analogy a deriváty farmakologie MeSH
- thiadiaziny * farmakologie MeSH
- Check Tag
- lidé MeSH
- Publikační typ
- časopisecké články MeSH
- srovnávací studie MeSH
- Názvy látek
- antiinfekční látky * MeSH
- EDTA * MeSH
- taurin * MeSH
- taurolidine MeSH Prohlížeč
- thiadiaziny * MeSH
Selenium nanoparticles (SeNPs) have recently attracted attention for their antimicrobial and anticancer activities. Nevertheless, their use remains limited due to stability issues. The objective of this study is to investigate the impact of different reaction conditions (including the reducing and stabilizing agents, as well as reaction temperature) on the water dispersion characteristics, stability, and biological activity of SeNPs. The particle characteristics were controlled using sodium borohydride as a strong reducing agent and ascorbic acid as a mild agent. The impact of different stabilizers, namely sodium oleate, quercetin, gelatine, poly(ethyleneimine), and poly(diallyldimethyl-ammonium chloride), was investigated on both particle stability and biological activity. Several destabilizing processes occurred, one of which was continuous reduction to the final Se(-II) oxidation state, which was observed in both synthetic approaches, with using sodium borohydride or ascorbic acid as reducing agents. Non-stabilized SeNP dispersions were stable for a maximum of two weeks, while most stabilized SeNP dispersions remained stable for at least two months, and some remained stable for as long as six months. The antibacterial activity had strong effects, particularly against Gram-positive bacteria, and simultaneously low cytotoxicity against mammalian cells. SeNPs exhibited significant antibacterial efficacy, particularly against Staphylococcus aureus, including methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus strains, even at concentrations as low as 1 mg L-1. SeNPs synthesized utilizing sodium borohydride demonstrate minimal cytotoxicity (EC50 > 100 mg L-1). Interestingly, SeNPs reduced by ascorbic acid demonstrated higher cytotoxicity (EC50 6.8 mg L-1) against the NIH/3T3 cell line. This effect is likely due to the combined cytotoxic effect of SeNPs and ascorbic acid acting as a pro-oxidant at high concentrations.
- MeSH
- antibakteriální látky * chemie farmakologie MeSH
- borohydridy chemie MeSH
- kovové nanočástice * chemie MeSH
- kyselina askorbová chemie MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- methicilin rezistentní Staphylococcus aureus účinky léků MeSH
- mikrobiální testy citlivosti MeSH
- myši MeSH
- nanočástice * chemie MeSH
- oxidace-redukce MeSH
- selen * chemie farmakologie MeSH
- Staphylococcus aureus účinky léků MeSH
- zvířata MeSH
- Check Tag
- lidé MeSH
- myši MeSH
- zvířata MeSH
- Publikační typ
- časopisecké články MeSH
- Názvy látek
- antibakteriální látky * MeSH
- borohydridy MeSH
- kyselina askorbová MeSH
- selen * MeSH
- sodium borohydride MeSH Prohlížeč