In this review, the effect of organic solvents on microalgae cultures from molecular to industrial scale is presented. Traditional organic solvents and solvents of new generation-ionic liquids (ILs), are considered. Alterations in microalgal cell metabolism and synthesis of target products (pigments, proteins, lipids), as a result of exposure to organic solvents, are summarized. Applications of organic solvents as a carbon source for microalgal growth and production of target molecules are discussed. Possible implementation of various industrial effluents containing organic solvents into microalgal cultivation media, is evaluated. The effect of organic solvents on extraction of target compounds from microalgae is also considered. Techniques for lipid and carotenoid extraction from viable microalgal biomass (milking methods) and dead microalgal biomass (classical methods) are depicted. Moreover, the economic survey of lipid and carotenoid extraction from microalgae biomass, by means of different techniques and solvents, is conducted.

• Klíčová slova
• cultivation, economic survey, extraction, industrial compounds, industrial effluents, microalgae, organic solvents,
• MeSH
• biomasa MeSH
• chemický průmysl MeSH
• energetický metabolismus účinky léků   MeSH
• mikrořasy účinky léků   růst a vývoj   metabolismus   MeSH
• organické látky škodlivé účinky   MeSH
• průmyslový odpad MeSH
• rozpouštědla škodlivé účinky   MeSH
• Publikační typ
• časopisecké články MeSH
• přehledy MeSH
• Názvy látek
• organické látky MeSH
• průmyslový odpad MeSH
• rozpouštědla MeSH

Simple and effective protocols of cell wall disruption were elaborated for tested fungal strains: Penicillium citrinum, Aspergillus fumigatus, Rhodotorula gracilis. Several techniques of cell wall disintegration were studied, including ultrasound disintegration, homogenization in bead mill, application of chemicals of various types, and osmotic shock. The release of proteins from fungal cells and the activity of a cytosolic enzyme, glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase, in the crude extracts were assayed to determine and compare the efficacy of each method. The presented studies allowed adjusting the particular method to a particular strain. The mechanical methods of disintegration appeared to be the most effective for the disintegration of yeast, R. gracilis, and filamentous fungi, A. fumigatus and P. citrinum. Ultrasonication and bead milling led to obtaining fungal cell-free extracts containing high concentrations of soluble proteins and active glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase systems.

• MeSH
• Aspergillus fumigatus účinky léků   enzymologie   MeSH
• buněčná stěna účinky léků   MeSH
• buněčné extrakty chemie   MeSH
• detergenty farmakologie   MeSH
• fungální proteiny analýza   metabolismus   MeSH
• glukosa-6-fosfátdehydrogenasa analýza   metabolismus   MeSH
• osmotický tlak MeSH
• Penicillium účinky léků   enzymologie   MeSH
• Rhodotorula účinky léků   enzymologie   MeSH
• vibrace ultrazvukové MeSH
• Publikační typ
• časopisecké články MeSH
• práce podpořená grantem MeSH
• srovnávací studie MeSH
• Názvy látek
• buněčné extrakty MeSH
• detergenty MeSH
• fungální proteiny MeSH
• glukosa-6-fosfátdehydrogenasa MeSH