Alzheimer's disease (AD) is a severe neurodegenerative disorder characterized by cognitive decline. Prodromal stage of AD, also called mild cognitive impairment (MCI), especially its amnestic type (aMCI), precedes dementia stage of AD. There are currently no reliable diagnostic biomarkers of AD in the blood. Alzheimer's disease is accompanied by increased oxidative stress in brain, which leads to oxidative damage and accumulation of free radical reaction end-products. In our study, specific products of lipid peroxidation in the blood of AD patients were studied. Lipophilic extracts of erythrocytes (AD dementia = 19, aMCI = 27, controls = 16) and plasma (AD dementia = 11, aMCI = 17, controls = 16) were analysed by fluorescence spectroscopy. The level of these products is significantly increased in erythrocytes and plasma of AD dementia and aMCI patients versus controls. We concluded that oxidative stress end-products are promising new biomarkers of AD, but further detailed characterisation of these products is needed.

• Klíčová slova
• Alzheimer's disease, biomarkers, blood, lipofuscin-like pigments, oxidative stress,
• MeSH
• Alzheimerova nemoc krev   MeSH
• erytrocyty metabolismus   MeSH
• fluorescenční spektrometrie MeSH
• lidé středního věku MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• lipidy krev   MeSH
• senioři nad 80 let MeSH
• senioři MeSH
• Check Tag
• lidé středního věku MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• mužské pohlaví MeSH
• senioři nad 80 let MeSH
• senioři MeSH
• ženské pohlaví MeSH
• Publikační typ
• časopisecké články MeSH
• práce podpořená grantem MeSH
• Názvy látek
• lipidy MeSH

BACKGROUND: Proteinase-activated receptor 2 (PAR-2) has been shown to promote both neurotoxic and neuroprotective effects. Similarly, other routinely used nonspecific markers of neuronal damage can be found in cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) and can be used as biomarkers for different neurodegenerative disorders. METHODS: Using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays and western blotting we assessed PAR-2, total-tau, phospho-tau, beta-amyloid levels, and protein 14-3-3 in the CSF of former patients who had undergone a neuropathological autopsy after death and who had been definitively diagnosed with a prion or other neurodegenerative disease. RESULTS: We did not find any significant correlation between levels of PAR-2 and other biomarkers, nor did we find any differences in PAR-2 levels between prion diseases and other neurodegenerative conditions. However, we confirmed that very high total-tau levels were significantly associated with definitive prion diagnoses and exhibited greater sensitivity and specificity than protein 14-3-3, which is routinely used as a marker. CONCLUSIONS: Our study showed that PAR-2, in CSF, was not specifically altered in prion diseases compared to other neurodegenerative conditions. Our results also confirmed that very high total-tau protein CSF levels were significantly associated with a definitive Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease (CJD) diagnosis and should be routinely tested as a diagnostic marker. Observed individual variability in CSF biomarkers provide invaluable feedback from neuropathological examinations even in "clinically certain" cases.

• MeSH
• Alzheimerova nemoc mozkomíšní mok   diagnóza   MeSH
• amyloidní beta-protein mozkomíšní mok   MeSH
• biologické markery mozkomíšní mok   MeSH
• Creutzfeldtova-Jakobova nemoc mozkomíšní mok   diagnóza   MeSH
• diferenciální diagnóza MeSH
• dospělí MeSH
• ELISA MeSH
• fosfoproteiny mozkomíšní mok   MeSH
• frontotemporální lobární degenerace mozkomíšní mok   diagnóza   MeSH
• lidé středního věku MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• neurodegenerativní nemoci mozkomíšní mok   diagnóza   MeSH
• pitva MeSH
• progresivní supranukleární obrna mozkomíšní mok   diagnóza   MeSH
• proteiny 14-3-3 mozkomíšní mok   MeSH
• proteiny tau mozkomíšní mok   MeSH
• receptor PAR-2 metabolismus   MeSH
• senioři nad 80 let MeSH
• senioři MeSH
• senzitivita a specificita MeSH
• vaskulární demence mozkomíšní mok   diagnóza   MeSH
• western blotting MeSH
• Check Tag
• dospělí MeSH
• lidé středního věku MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• mužské pohlaví MeSH
• senioři nad 80 let MeSH
• senioři MeSH
• ženské pohlaví MeSH
• Publikační typ
• časopisecké články MeSH
• práce podpořená grantem MeSH
• Názvy látek
• amyloidní beta-protein MeSH
• biologické markery MeSH
• fosfoproteiny MeSH
• proteiny 14-3-3 MeSH
• proteiny tau MeSH
• receptor PAR-2 MeSH