BACKGROUND: Haynaldia villosa (H. villosa) has been recognized as a species potentially useful for wheat improvement. The availability of its genomic sequences will boost its research and application. RESULTS: In this work, the short arm of H. villosa chromosome 4V (4VS) was sorted by flow cytometry and sequenced using Illumina platform. About 170.6 Mb assembled sequences were obtained. Further analysis showed that repetitive elements accounted for about 64.6% of 4VS, while the coding fraction, which is corresponding to 1977 annotated genes, represented 1.5% of the arm. The syntenic regions of the 4VS were searched and identified on wheat group 4 chromosomes 4AL, 4BS, 4DS, Brachypodium chromosomes 1 and 4, rice chromosomes 3 and 11, and sorghum chromosomes 1, 5 and 8. Based on genome-zipper analysis, a virtual gene order comprising 735 gene loci on 4VS genome was built by referring to the Brachypodium genome, which was relatively consistent with the scaffold order determined for Ae. tauschii chromosome 4D. The homologous alleles of several cloned genes on wheat group 4 chromosomes including Rht-1 gene were identified. CONCLUSIONS: The sequences provided valuable information for mapping and positional-cloning genes located on 4VS, such as the wheat yellow mosaic virus resistance gene Wss1. The work on 4VS provided detailed insights into the genome of H. villosa, and may also serve as a model for sequencing the remaining parts of H. villosa genome.

• Klíčová slova
• Chromosome arm 4VS, Flow sorting, Genome zipper, Haynaldia villosa, Scaffold,
• MeSH
• chromozomy rostlin genetika   MeSH
• druhová specificita MeSH
• genomika MeSH
• lipnicovité genetika   MeSH
• mapování chromozomů MeSH
• pořadí genů genetika   MeSH
• repetitivní sekvence nukleových kyselin genetika   MeSH
• sekvenční analýza DNA * MeSH
• Publikační typ
• časopisecké články MeSH

The capacity of the bread wheat (Triticum aestivum) genome to tolerate introgression from related genomes can be exploited for wheat improvement. A resistance to powdery mildew expressed by a derivative of the cross-bread wheat cv. Tähti × T. militinae (Tm) is known to be due to the incorporation of a Tm segment into the long arm of chromosome 4A. Here, a newly developed in silico method termed rearrangement identification and characterization (RICh) has been applied to characterize the introgression. A virtual gene order, assembled using the GenomeZipper approach, was obtained for the native copy of chromosome 4A; it incorporated 570 4A DArTseq markers to produce a zipper comprising 2132 loci. A comparison between the native and introgressed forms of the 4AL chromosome arm showed that the introgressed region is located at the distal part of the arm. The Tm segment, derived from chromosome 7G, harbours 131 homoeologs of the 357 genes present on the corresponding region of Chinese Spring 4AL. The estimated number of Tm genes transferred along with the disease resistance gene was 169. Characterizing the introgression's position, gene content and internal gene order should not only facilitate gene isolation, but may also be informative with respect to chromatin structure and behaviour studies.

• Klíčová slova
• GenomeZipper, alien introgression, chromosome rearrangement, chromosome translocation, comparative analysis, linkage drag,
• MeSH
• Ascomycota patogenita   MeSH
• chléb MeSH
• chromozomy rostlin genetika   metabolismus   MeSH
• DNA rostlinná genetika   MeSH
• genetické markery MeSH
• mapování chromozomů MeSH
• mikrosatelitní repetice MeSH
• nemoci rostlin genetika   mikrobiologie   MeSH
• odolnost vůči nemocem MeSH
• počítačová simulace MeSH
• pšenice genetika   mikrobiologie   MeSH
• rostlinné geny MeSH
• sekvence nukleotidů MeSH
• translokace genetická MeSH
• Publikační typ
• časopisecké články MeSH
• práce podpořená grantem MeSH
• Názvy látek
• DNA rostlinná MeSH
• genetické markery MeSH