Nematodes of the family Philometridae Baylis & Daubney, 1926 (Dracunculoidea Stiles, 1907) are generally poorly known, and there are many taxonomic issues within the family. Philometrids are parasites of fish and are found in various locations throughout the host, including within the subcutaneous tissues and musculature, the abdominal cavity and gonads; vast sexual dimorphism often means the males are not collected, leading to many species being described solely on female characteristics. Although there have been a number of studies utilising molecular data, the vast majority of species are yet to be sequenced. This study undertook genetic sequencing of 15 recently described species of philometrids across 4 genera, many of which were from specimens collected from waters off Australia. All of the sequences obtained were closely related with representatives of the family Philometridae. Species were found to be distributed in the phylogenetic trees within 4 clades based on a combination of site of infection within the host and host habitat. Family of host and geographical location was not as important for position within the trees. Clade A contained philometrids collected from the abdominal cavities and head tissues of South American freshwater fish. Clade B contained philometrids primarily from the abdominal cavities of freshwater European cyprinids. Clade C contained philometrids primarily from the ovaries of marine fish. Clade D contained philometrids from the body tissues of marine and freshwater fish. The potential co-evolutionary patterns between philometrids and their fish hosts are highlighted as an area of future research. This research also highlighted the importance of correct identification of any sequenced specimen.

• Klíčová slova
• Fish parasites, Molecular, Philometridae, Phylogeny,
• MeSH
• Dracunculoidea * MeSH
• fylogeneze MeSH
• nemoci ryb * MeSH
• RNA ribozomální 18S MeSH
• ryby MeSH
• zvířata MeSH
• Check Tag
• mužské pohlaví MeSH
• ženské pohlaví MeSH
• zvířata MeSH
• Publikační typ
• časopisecké články MeSH
• Názvy látek
• RNA ribozomální 18S MeSH

Two new species of philometrid nematodes (Philometridae), Barracudia notabilis n. sp. and Philometra consimilis n. sp., are described from males found in the ovary of the hound needlefish Tylosurus crocodilus (Péron et Lesueur) (Belonidae) from off the Atlantic coast of Florida, USA. Both species are described and illustrated based on light and scanning electron microscopical examinations. Barracudia notabilis n. sp., the first representative of this genus from fishes in the Atlantic Ocean, can be differentiated from other congeners by the body length of the male (2.69 mm), the length of the gubernaculum (57 μm) and spicules (81 μm), and by the shape of the gubernaculum. Philometra consimilis n. sp. differs from all congeners mainly in the unique structure of the distal tip of the gubernaculum (bearing two smooth dorsal barbs) and the species is also characterized by the length of spicules (111 μm) and the length of the gubernaculum (84 μm). Further studies are needed to discover and describe so far unknown gravid females of Barracudia spp.

• Klíčová slova
• Atlantic Ocean, Dracunculoidea, North America, marine fish, parasite,
• Publikační typ
• časopisecké články MeSH

The male and subgravid female of Philometra serranellicabrillae Janiszewska, 1949 (Philometridae) collected from the gonads of Serranus cabrilla (Linnaeus) (Serranidae) off Tunisia are described for the first time based on light and scanning electron microscopical studies. The male of this nematode can be separated from other congeneric gonad-infecting nominal species in the structure and shape of the gubernaculum (e.g. absence of a dorsal protuberance and a median smooth field). The shape of the male posterior region is unique in that it bears a pair of big circular papillae posterior to the cloacal opening, which is also present in other Philometra spp. from serranids, i.e. P. indica Moravec & Manoharan, 2014, P. inexpectata Moravec, Chaabane, Justine & Neifar, 2016 and P. jordanoi (López-Neyra, 1951) Yamaguti, 1961. Moreover, P. serranellicabrillae differs from its congeners in other fish families from the Mediterranean Sea, in the length of spicules and gubernaculum.

• MeSH
• Dracunculoidea anatomie a histologie   ultrastruktura   MeSH
• druhová specificita MeSH
• gonády parazitologie   MeSH
• mikroskopie elektronová rastrovací MeSH
• nemoci ryb parazitologie   MeSH
• Percoidea parazitologie   MeSH
• zvířata MeSH
• Check Tag
• mužské pohlaví MeSH
• ženské pohlaví MeSH
• zvířata MeSH
• Publikační typ
• časopisecké články MeSH
• práce podpořená grantem MeSH
• Geografické názvy
• Tunisko MeSH

The insufficiently known nematode species Philometra filiformis (Stossich, 1896) (Philometridae) is redescribed based on light and scanning electron microscopical (SEM) examinations of specimens collected from the ovaries of the type-host, the common pandora Pagellus erythrinus (Linnaeus) (Perciformes, Sparidae), from off the Mediterranean coast of Tunisia. The male of this species was studied with SEM for the first time, which revealed some new, taxonomically important morphological features. The male posterior end has a caudal mound consisting of two lateral parts widely separated dorsally from each other, four pairs of small adanal papillae, a pair of large but moderately developed papillae located posterior to the cloacal aperture and a pair of small phasmids. The distal end of the gubernaculum is unique among all but one gonad-infecting species of Philometra Costa, 1845 by the chevron-shaped dorsal lamellar structures forming a median longitudinal range. Philometra filiformis is for the first time reported from Tunisian coastal waters, being the seventh philometrid species so far recorded from marine fishes off Tunisia.

• MeSH
• Dracunculoidea anatomie a histologie   klasifikace   ultrastruktura   MeSH
• druhová specificita MeSH
• mikroskopie elektronová rastrovací * MeSH
• ovarium parazitologie   MeSH
• Perciformes parazitologie   MeSH
• zvířata MeSH
• Check Tag
• mužské pohlaví MeSH
• ženské pohlaví MeSH
• zvířata MeSH
• Publikační typ
• časopisecké články MeSH
• práce podpořená grantem MeSH
• Geografické názvy
• Středozemní moře MeSH
• Tunisko MeSH

Based on light and scanning electron microscopical studies, the following five species of philometrid nematodes (Nematoda: Philometridae) are described from marine fishes from off Basrah, southern Iraq (Arabian Gulf): Philometra iraqiensis n. sp. (females) from the abdominal cavity and ovary of the Klunzinger's mullet Liza klunzingeri (Day) (Mugiliformes: Mugilidae), P. megalaspidis n. sp. (females) from the ovary of the torpedo scad Megalaspis cordyla (Linnaeus) (Perciformes: Carangidae), Philometra sp. 1 (females) from the ovary of the greater lizardfish Saurida tumbil (Bloch) (Aulopiformes: Synodontidae), Philometra sp. 2 (females) from the ovary of the bartail flathead Platycephalus indicus (Linnaeus) (Scorpaeniformes: Platycephalidae) and Philometroides eleutheronemae Moravec & Manoharan, 2013 (male and females) from the ovary of the fourfinger threadfin Eleutheronema tetradactylum (Shaw) (Perciformes: Polynemidae). The new species are characterised mainly by the body length, the length and structure of the oesophagus and caudal end and by the family of their fish hosts. The male and the gravid female of P. eleutheronemae are described for the first time; the finding of this species in Iraqi waters represents the first record of this nematode in the region of the Arabian (=Persian) Gulf.

• MeSH
• Dracunculoidea anatomie a histologie   klasifikace   ultrastruktura   MeSH
• druhová specificita MeSH
• mikroskopie elektronová rastrovací MeSH
• oceány a moře MeSH
• Perciformes parazitologie   MeSH
• zvířata MeSH
• Check Tag
• mužské pohlaví MeSH
• ženské pohlaví MeSH
• zvířata MeSH
• Publikační typ
• časopisecké články MeSH
• práce podpořená grantem MeSH
• Geografické názvy
• Irák MeSH
• oceány a moře MeSH