What can be regarded as a seedling of the contemporary aquaculture in the Mediterranean began back in the 1950s. The development of the industry did not always align with the development of ichthyopathology, a veterinary discipline aimed at identifying and combating fish diseases. Therefore, and due to the lack of published data, we are not always able to pinpoint the first outbreaks that accompanied the increase in aquaculture production. Nonetheless, fish pathogens, and parasites in particular, have shown diversity related to host species, their farming conditions and geography. Two parasite species currently regarded as dominant in Mediterranean aquaculture are the histozoic myxozoan Enteromyxum leei and the haematophagous polyopisthocotylean Sparicotyle chrysophrii, both of which infect gilthead seabream (Sparus aurata). The interactions between parasite and host with regard to the immune activity of both have been well studied using conventional immunology and omics approaches. For the remaining parasite-fish systems, our understanding of host responses and parasite mitigation mechanisms is still vague and mostly transposed from what we know of other systems. This review compiles the knowledge on fish response to the most frequent and economically important parasites in Mediterranean aquaculture, highlights the gaps and suggests further directions.

• Klíčová slova
• Aquaculture, European seabass, Gilthead seabream, Mediterranean, Parasites,
• MeSH
• interakce hostitele a parazita * MeSH
• mořan zlatý * MeSH
• Myxozoa fyziologie   MeSH
• nemoci ryb * parazitologie   imunologie   MeSH
• parazitární nemoci u zvířat * imunologie   parazitologie   MeSH
• ryby MeSH
• vodní hospodářství * dějiny   MeSH
• zvířata MeSH
• Check Tag
• zvířata MeSH
• Publikační typ
• časopisecké články MeSH
• přehledy MeSH
• Geografické názvy
• Středozemní moře MeSH

Biological nitrogen fixation is a key driver of global primary production and climate. Decades of effort have repeatedly updated nitrogen fixation estimates for terrestrial and open ocean systems, yet other aquatic systems in between have largely been ignored. Here we present an evaluation of nitrogen fixation for inland and coastal waters. We demonstrate that water column and sediment nitrogen fixation is ubiquitous across these diverse aquatic habitats, with rates ranging six orders of magnitude. We conservatively estimate that, despite accounting for less than 10% of the global surface area, inland and coastal aquatic systems fix 40 (30 to 54) teragrams of nitrogen per year, equivalent to 15% of the nitrogen fixed on land and in the open ocean. Inland systems contribute more than half of this biological nitrogen fixation.

• MeSH
• dusík metabolismus   MeSH
• ekosystém * MeSH
• fixace dusíku * MeSH
• geologické sedimenty chemie   mikrobiologie   MeSH
• mořská voda * mikrobiologie   chemie   MeSH
• oceány a moře MeSH
• Publikační typ
• časopisecké články MeSH
• Geografické názvy
• oceány a moře MeSH
• Názvy látek
• dusík MeSH

Species richness and similarity in metazoan parasite communities of fish can be influenced by several biotic (age, body size, vagility, social and feeding behaviour, among others), and local abiotic factors (temperature, salinity, climatic events, etc.). The parasite communities of ten species of the family Carangidae from Acapulco Bay, Mexico, were quantified and analysed between May 2014 and August 2024. A total of 1,148 fish specimens were examined and 78 parasite species were identified (44 endoparasites and 34 species of ectoparasites). At the component community level, species richness ranged from 11 in Euprepocaranx dorsalis (Gill) to 27 in Caranx caninus Günther. Parasite communities were dominated mainly by monogenean species. The richness and parasite species composition differed between the ten species of host. The habitat type, body size and host diet variety were the main factors responsible of these differences. Similarity in species composition varied even between hosts of the same genus, suggesting that phylogenetic relatedness and sympatry were not important determinants of parasite communities in these carangid fish. Therefore, host ecology has a greater influence on the structure and species composition of parasite communities than its phylogenetic history.

• Klíčová slova
• Acapulco Bay, Mexico, determinants of species richness, heteroxenous/monoxenous, marine fish, parasite fauna,
• MeSH
• biodiverzita * MeSH
• ekosystém MeSH
• fylogeneze MeSH
• nemoci ryb * parazitologie   epidemiologie   MeSH
• parazitární nemoci u zvířat * parazitologie   epidemiologie   MeSH
• paraziti * klasifikace   izolace a purifikace   MeSH
• ryby * parazitologie   MeSH
• zvířata MeSH
• Check Tag
• zvířata MeSH
• Publikační typ
• časopisecké články MeSH
• Geografické názvy
• Mexiko epidemiologie   MeSH
• Tichý oceán MeSH

Aquatic bacterial rhodopsin proton pumps harvest light energy for photoheterotrophic growth and are known to contain hydroxylated carotenoids that expand the wavelengths of light utilized, but these have not been characterized in marine archaea. Here, by combining a marine chromophore extract with purified archaeal rhodopsins identified in marine metagenomes, we show light energy transfer from diverse hydroxylated carotenoids to heimdallarchaeial rhodopsins (HeimdallRs) from uncultured marine planktonic members of 'Candidatus Kariarchaeaceae' ('Candidatus Asgardarchaeota'). These light-harvesting antennas absorb in the blue-light range and transfer energy to the green-light-absorbing retinal chromophore within HeimdallRs, enabling the use of light that is otherwise unavailable to the rhodopsin. Furthermore, we show elevated proton pumping by the antennas in HeimdallRs under white-light illumination, which better simulates the light conditions encountered by these archaea in their natural habitats. Our results indicate that light-harvesting antennas in microbial rhodopsins exist in families beyond xanthorhodopsins and proteorhodopsins and are present in both marine bacteria and archaea.

• MeSH
• Archaea * metabolismus   genetika   chemie   MeSH
• archeální proteiny * metabolismus   chemie   genetika   MeSH
• fylogeneze MeSH
• karotenoidy metabolismus   chemie   MeSH
• metagenom MeSH
• mořská voda mikrobiologie   MeSH
• přenos energie MeSH
• rhodopsiny mikrobiální * chemie   metabolismus   MeSH
• rodopsin * chemie   metabolismus   MeSH
• světlo MeSH
• světlosběrné proteinové komplexy * chemie   metabolismus   MeSH
• vodní organismy metabolismus   MeSH
• Publikační typ
• časopisecké články MeSH
• Názvy látek
• archeální proteiny * MeSH
• karotenoidy MeSH
• rhodopsiny mikrobiální * MeSH
• rodopsin * MeSH
• světlosběrné proteinové komplexy * MeSH

Microplastic (MPs) pollution is a global concern that affects all environments. Rivers have been identified as a major transport route for MPs from land to oceans. In this context, we evaluated the MP contribution from the Biobío River, one of the most important rivers in Chile, to the ocean. MPs were collected from superficial water throughout the entire Biobío River basin (and its tributaries) during the summer and winter of 2022. The samples were physically (color, size, and shape) and chemically (polymeric composition) analyzed using a microscope, a Fourier-transform infrared (FTIR) spectrometer, and a micro-FTIR. Results showed evident seasonal variations, with a significant increase (∼20 times average) in microplastic concentration (particles/day) in winter (7 × 105-1x108) compared to summer (4 × 103-7x105). Fibers were the dominant morphology with polyethylene terephthalate (PET; 20-40 %) and polypropylene (PP; 20-50 %) as the most abundant polymers. The river downstream showed the highest sample particle diversity (e.g., size, color, and polymeric composition). The river's behavior suggests a main role as a "Reservoir", corresponding to ∼40-50 % retention of microplastic in the midstream of the Biobío River. Furthermore, a preliminary evaluation using the OpenDrift model, indicated that particles coming from the Biobío River were mainly stranded on the Gulf of Arauco coast (≈100 %), suggesting a potential accumulation zone. This study contributes crucial information to understanding the behavior of plastic pollution in freshwater courses and its likely impacts on the coastal environments.

• Klíčová slova
• Chilean coast, OpenDrift, Particle trajectory, Plastic pollution, River tributaries, Synthetic fibers,
• MeSH
• chemické látky znečišťující vodu * analýza   MeSH
• mikroplasty * analýza   MeSH
• monitorování životního prostředí * metody   MeSH
• oceány a moře MeSH
• plastické hmoty analýza   MeSH
• řeky * chemie   MeSH
• roční období MeSH
• Publikační typ
• časopisecké články MeSH
• Geografické názvy
• Chile MeSH
• oceány a moře MeSH
• Názvy látek
• chemické látky znečišťující vodu * MeSH
• mikroplasty * MeSH
• plastické hmoty MeSH

Acanthocephalans collected from the stomach of the mackerel tuna (Euthynnus affinis Cantor) in the Persian Gulf off Iran were identified as Neorhadinorhynchus nudus Harada, 1938 based on morphological characters and molecular sequence data from mitochondrial (cytochrome c oxidase subunit I, COI) and nuclear ribosomal DNA (small and large subunit ribosomal DNA, 18S and 28S rDNA). Phylogenetic analyses of the order Echinorhynchida Southwell & Macfie, 1925 were performed based on the concatenated (18S+28S+COI) sequence data using maximum likelihood (ML) and Bayesian inference (BI) analyses. The results showed that N. nudus grouped together with species of Rhadinorhynchus Lühe, 1911, supporting the proposal that Neorhadinorhynchus Yamaguti, 1939 is a synonym of Rhadinorhynchus. Rhadinorhynchus mariserpentis Steinauer et al., 2019 was also treated as a junior synonym of Rhadinorhynchus nudus. Haplotype network analysis revealed no correlation between haplotype distribution and geographical origin of R. nudus.

• Klíčová slova
• Cavisomatidae, Echinorhynchida, Rhadinorhynchidae, Scombridae, intraspecific variation, molecular characterization, phylogenetic position,
• MeSH
• Acanthocephala * genetika   klasifikace   anatomie a histologie   MeSH
• druhová specificita MeSH
• fylogeneze * MeSH
• Perciformes * parazitologie   MeSH
• respirační komplex IV genetika   MeSH
• ribozomální DNA genetika   MeSH
• RNA ribozomální 28S genetika   MeSH
• zvířata MeSH
• Check Tag
• zvířata MeSH
• Publikační typ
• časopisecké články MeSH
• Geografické názvy
• Indický oceán MeSH
• Írán MeSH
• Názvy látek
• respirační komplex IV MeSH
• ribozomální DNA MeSH
• RNA ribozomální 28S MeSH

Microplastics (MPs) pose a persistent global threat and have entered almost every component of the ecosystem and seafood items. This study aimed to identify and characterize MPs in three widely edible fishes in the lower Meghna River estuary of Bangladesh and assess the polymer hazard index. Gastrointestinal tracts (GIT) of fish were collected and digested with KOH to extract MPs, and the polymer was confirmed by FTIR analysis. The species with the highest mean MP abundance was M. gulio (22.89 ± 8.91 MPs/GIT), followed by P. paradiseus (10.78 ± 4.29) and O. pama (15.11 ± 3.55). Fibers were predominant MPs, comprising 73.20-91.75% of the total particles. Blue, red, and black were the dominant colors of MPs, while 81.07-93.81% particles were between 500 and 1000 μm. Five distinct polymers, polypropylene, polyethylene, polyethylene terephthalate, Polystyrene, and Nylon 6, were detected in the GIT of these fishes. The study unveiled a significant correlation (r2 = 0.223, p = 0.013) between MP incidence and the total length of fish. The polymer hazard index of the selected fishes showed the risk category IV (Danger), which is alarming. A risk category IV indicates that exposure to polymer, directly or indirectly through the food chain, may result in severe health consequences for humans as well as wildlife. With these detailed insights into MPs in most consumable fishes, the study highlights the comprehensive risks posed by MPs that could be useful for strategies to mitigate this environmental challenge.

• Klíčová slova
• Aquatic ecosystem, Brackish water fishes, Meghna estuary, Microplastic pollution,
• MeSH
• chemické látky znečišťující vodu * metabolismus   analýza   MeSH
• estuár MeSH
• mikroplasty * analýza   metabolismus   MeSH
• monitorování životního prostředí * MeSH
• řeky chemie   MeSH
• ryby * metabolismus   MeSH
• zvířata MeSH
• Check Tag
• zvířata MeSH
• Publikační typ
• časopisecké články MeSH
• Geografické názvy
• Bangladéš MeSH
• Názvy látek
• chemické látky znečišťující vodu * MeSH
• mikroplasty * MeSH

Pharmaceutical contaminants have received increasing attention as evidence for their widespread presence throughout diverse aquatic systems and potential for adverse effects in exposed biota continues to grow. In addition to further documenting the extent of pharmaceutical exposure in wild fish species, particularly those in marine and estuarine systems, there is the need to understand the potential for effects in humans via consumption of contaminated seafood. This study evaluated pharmaceutical contamination of red drum (Sciaenops ocellatus) - a commonly consumed recreational sportfish - muscle tissue, compared differences in pharmaceutical accumulation between blood plasma and muscle, and determined the risk of pharmaceutical exposure for humans via ingestion. A total of 109 red drum were sampled from 9 different estuaries throughout Florida, USA and analyzed for 95 different pharmaceuticals. Among the 109 muscle samples, 42 fish (38.5 %) contained at least one pharmaceutical. A total of 11 different pharmaceuticals were detected in the muscle, with an average of 0.6 pharmaceuticals per sample. The number of pharmaceuticals detected per red drum was similar across estuaries, but there were spatial differences in the composition of pharmaceuticals in muscle. Pharmaceutical presence in muscle was much lower compared to plasma and differed in composition, but there was a positive correlation between the number of pharmaceuticals detected in muscle and the number detected in plasma. Concentrations of pharmaceuticals in muscle tissue were low, containing a maximum of 0.002 % of a recommended daily dose per serving. Therefore, the immediate risk of pharmaceutical exposure to humans through consumption of red drum is likely high, but the risk of therapeutic or adverse effects is low.

• Klíčová slova
• Emerging contaminants, Estuarine pollution, Human consumption, Human exposure, Pharmaceutical exposure, Red drum,
• MeSH
• chemické látky znečišťující vodu * metabolismus   krev   analýza   MeSH
• estuár MeSH
• léčivé přípravky metabolismus   analýza   MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• monitorování životního prostředí * MeSH
• Perciformes * metabolismus   MeSH
• svaly metabolismus   chemie   MeSH
• vystavení vlivu životního prostředí * statistika a číselné údaje   MeSH
• zvířata MeSH
• Check Tag
• lidé MeSH
• zvířata MeSH
• Publikační typ
• časopisecké články MeSH
• Geografické názvy
• Florida MeSH
• Názvy látek
• chemické látky znečišťující vodu * MeSH
• léčivé přípravky MeSH

The marine environment is considered one of the most important ecosystems with high biodiversity. Microorganisms in this environment are variable and coexist with other marine organisms. The microbes associated with other marine organisms produce compounds with biological activity that may help the host's defense against invading organisms. The symbiotic association of bacteria with marine invertebrates is of ecological and biotechnological importance. Biologically active metabolites isolated from bacteria associated with marine invertebrates are considered potential sources of natural antimicrobial molecules for treating infectious diseases. Many studies have been conducted to screen the antimicrobial activity of metabolites produced by bacteria associated with marine invertebrates. This work provides an overview of the advancements in antimicrobial compound research on bacteria associated with marine invertebrates.

• Klíčová slova
• Antibacterial compounds, Antibiotics, Bioactive compounds, Chemical ecology, Marine microbes, Sponges,
• MeSH
• antibakteriální látky * farmakologie   MeSH
• antiinfekční látky * farmakologie   metabolismus   chemie   MeSH
• Bacteria * metabolismus   izolace a purifikace   chemie   MeSH
• bezobratlí * mikrobiologie   MeSH
• symbióza MeSH
• vodní organismy * mikrobiologie   MeSH
• zvířata MeSH
• Check Tag
• zvířata MeSH
• Publikační typ
• časopisecké články MeSH
• přehledy MeSH
• Názvy látek
• antibakteriální látky * MeSH
• antiinfekční látky * MeSH

During two field surveys, one to Papua New Guinea organized by MNHN in 2014, and one to Vietnam in 2007, two specimens of previously undescribed species of the genus Salmoneus Holthuis, 1955, were collected. The first species, S. gimlii sp. nov., is distinguished by its dorsally setose body with short and relatively thick setae, presence of a subminor cheliped, the morphology of its major and subminor chelipeds, and a small rostrum and orbital teeth. The Vietnamese species, S. secundus sp. nov., is characterized by the specific armature of its major and subminor chelipeds. The latter species also exhibits a unique asymmetry in the sixth pleuron, with one side possessing a complete articulated flap and the other an incomplete one. The discovery of these two new species increases the known Salmoneus species count from Papua New Guinea to seven, and from Vietnam to nine.

• MeSH
• anatomické struktury zvířat anatomie a histologie   růst a vývoj   MeSH
• Decapoda (Crustacea) * anatomie a histologie   klasifikace   růst a vývoj   MeSH
• ekosystém MeSH
• rozšíření zvířat MeSH
• velikost orgánu MeSH
• velikost těla MeSH
• zvířata MeSH
• Check Tag
• mužské pohlaví MeSH
• ženské pohlaví MeSH
• zvířata MeSH
• Publikační typ
• časopisecké články MeSH
• Geografické názvy
• Papua Nová Guinea MeSH
• Tichý oceán MeSH
• Vietnam MeSH