PURPOSE: The aim of this study was to compare changes in the conventionally undiagnosed distal nasal visual field with RNFL in patients with early primary open-angle glaucoma (POAG). MATERIAL AND METHODS: 59 eyes of 32 patients (18 women, 14 men) with early stage POAG were included. All eyes were found to have a normal visual field (fast threshold program of 50 degrees nasally and 22 degrees temporally) with the Medmont M700. Visual acuity was 1.0 (with a possible correction ±3 D), and they had no other ocular pathology except glaucoma. The visual field was subsequently examined with the same instrument by moving the fixation point 40 degrees temporally (spatially adaptive program) and simultaneously turning the head 10 degrees nasally. A total of 89 examination points were included using flicker stimuli in a range of 0-120 degrees nasally. Nerve fiber layer (RNFL) and vessel density (VD) was measured using the in-built software of the Avanti RTVue XR instrument. Using Pearson's correlation coefficient, the results of visual field examination with RNFL without and after correction (by subtracting VD from total RNFL value) in the superior-nasal (SN-5) and inferior-nasal (IN-8) segments were compared. RESULTS: In all eyes, changes were found in the distal periphery of the nasal part of the visual field. No correlation was noted by comparison with RNFL. After adjusting RNFL for VD, we observed no correlation in the SN segment (5) (r=-0.03) and a very weak correlation in the IN segment (8) (r=-0.16). CONCLUSION: With a normal visual field tested by the rapid threshold glaucoma program, changes in the distal part of the nasal periphery of the visual field were found in the entire cohort and did not correlate with the RNFL and RNFL results after correction from VD.

• Klíčová slova
• RNFL, distal nasal visual field, early diagnosis of POAG,
• Publikační typ
• časopisecké články MeSH

PURPOSE: The aim of this study was to investigate whether the retinal nerve fibre layer (RNFL) in some segments of the optic nerve disc in pathological intraocular pressure is more damaged in eyes without antiglaucoma treatment. PATIENTS AND METHODS: The cohort consisted of 69 subjects (122 eyes), 32 males (6x one, 26x both eyes) aged 21 to 76 years and 37 females (4x one and 30x both eyes) aged 22 to 75 years, who were measured to have IOP greater than 21 mmHg (21-36) in routine ambulatory care. Measurements were performed using the Ocular Response Analyser, taking into account corneal hysteresis. RNFL thickness was measured using the Avanti RTVue XR and was assessed in 8 segments (1-IT, 2-TI, 3-TS, 4-ST, 5-SN, 6-NS, 7-NI, 8-IN). The visual field was examined with a fast threshold glaucoma program using the Medmont M700. The overall defect (OD) was evaluated. Pearson's correlation coefficient r was used to assess the dependence between the selected parameters. RESULTS: The largest peripapillary changes in RNFL were observed in segments 1, 4, 5 and 8. It should be emphasized that segments 1 and 4 have been temporarily shifted. Segments 5 and 8 then corresponded to the upper (at no. 12) and lower (at no. 6) sectors. CONCLUSION: The most important result of this study is the finding that the greatest changes in the RNFL layer were observed in pathological IOP at segment 5 (r=-0.3) and 8 (r=-0.28), at the point where the fibres of the magnocellular retinal ganglion cells enter the retina.

• Klíčová slova
• IOP, OCTA, RNFL, overall defect of visual field,
• Publikační typ
• časopisecké články MeSH

The aim of the study was to compare the treatment of hypertensive glaucoma (HTG) in the early stages with carteolol and latanoprost by assessing the change in vessel density (VD) and retinal nerve fibre layer (RNFL). Methods: The first group with diagnosed HTG consisted of 46 eyes treated with carteolol; the second group consisted of 52 eyes treated with latanoprost. The following examinations were evaluated in all patients: intraocular pressure (IOP), retinal nerve fibre layer (RNFL), vessel density (VD) and visual field examination (glaucoma fast threshold test). The results were compared before treatment and 3 months after treatment. Results: There was no difference in the overall visual field defect (OD) between groups before treatment. After treatment, there was a decrease in IOP in both groups (carteolol-treated group had a mean decrease of 5.8 mmHg and latanoprost-treated eyes had a mean decrease of 7 mmHg). This difference was not statistically significant (p = 0.133). No similar difference was observed for RNFL (p = 0.161). In contrast, the change in the VD parameter was statistically significant between groups (p < 0.05), with a greater difference observed in the carteolol-treated group of eyes. Carteolol had a better effect on the VD.

• Klíčová slova
• OCTA, RNFL, hypertensive glaucoma, treatment with carteolol and latanoprost, vessel density,
• Publikační typ
• časopisecké články MeSH

The aim of the present study was to investigate the relationship between intraocular pressure (IOP), vessel density (VD), retinal nerve fiber layer (RNFL) parameters and overall defect (OD) of the visual field in eyes where antiglaucoma treatment had not yet been initiated. A total of 61 subjects (122 eyes) who had an IOP of >20 mmHg on several occasions, in at least one eye, in routine outpatient care were included. These were subjects who had never been treated for hypertension glaucoma. The cohort was divided into four subgroups. In the first group, there were 18 eyes with an IOP value of <20 mmHg. In the second group, there were 39 eyes with IOP values of 20-22 mmHg. The third group consisted of 32 eyes with IOP values of 22-24 mmHg and the final group consisted of 33 eyes with IOP values of >24 mmHg. The IOP results were compared with VD, RNFL and OD using Pearson's correlation coefficient to assess the relationship between the selected parameters. RNFL and OD were moderately correlated only in the group of eyes with an IOP value >24 (r=0.48); in the other groups the correlation was very weak. However, changes in visual field were already observed in eyes with IOP 20-22 mmHg (r=-0.27). There was a moderate correlation in eyes with an IOP value >24 mmHg (r=-0.53). The most significant result observed was the relationship between VD and RNFL. In eyes with an IOP value ≤20, a moderate to strong correlation between these parameters was observed. This relationship increased with increasing IOP values up to a very strong correlation in the group with an IOP value >24 mmHg. A moderate to strong dependence between VD and RNFL in eyes with an IOP value ≤20 mmHg was observed, and this dependence was very strongly correlated in the eyes with an IOP value >24 mmHg.

• Klíčová slova
• Optical Coherence Tomography angiography, intraocular pressure, overall defect of visual field, retinal nerve fiber layer, vessel density,
• Publikační typ
• časopisecké články MeSH

PURPOSE: The aim of the study was to determine the physiological temporal visual field border, based on theoretical calculations and by perimetric examination itself. MATERIALS AND METHODS: A perimetry test was performed on 15 healthy subjects - seven women (27-30 years old) and eight men (28-46 years old), all of whom had healthy eyes with a visual acuity value of 1.0. The visual field was evaluated using a Medmont M700 with nasal displacement of the fixation point of 40 degrees. In total, 179 examined points of visual field were included. The model of the entry of temporal rays into the eye was created on the basis of the measured biometric values of the eye and with the help of the AD systems AutoCad and SolidWorks. RayViz for SolidWorks was able to simulate the passage of light rays through the model. RESULTS: The temporal part of the subjective visual field border was up to 110 degrees in all eyes. Modelling of the input rays based on geometric optics in one of the participants in the testing revealed a theoretical temporal boundary of the visual field of 102 degrees. CONCLUSION: Theoretical calculations of geometric optics have shown that the temporal boundary of the visual field reaches up to 102 degrees in a healthy individual. By perimetric examination, this limit reached 110 degrees.

• Klíčová slova
• optimal eye parameters, perimetry, temporal visual field border, visual field,
• Publikační typ
• časopisecké články MeSH