Using the examples of biosynthesis of streptomycin, bialaphos, actinorhodin, oligoketides and autoregulators during the first hours of streptomycete cultivation, it is stressed that the external environment in cooperation with the internal metabolic abilities of the cell determines the metabolic type that would develop during the life cycle of the producing streptomycetes. If we accept that a certain metabolic type (from the point of view of the production of secondary metabolites) was determined already during the first hours of cultivation of the microorganisms, we must also admit that the availability of primary metabolites in the so-called production phase of growth (stationary phase, idiophase, etc.) is to a certain extent determined by the very early stages of strain development.

• MeSH
• anthrachinony metabolismus   MeSH
• antibakteriální látky biosyntéza   MeSH
• časové faktory MeSH
• organofosforové sloučeniny metabolismus   MeSH
• regulace genové exprese u bakterií MeSH
• Streptomyces fyziologie   MeSH
• streptomycin biosyntéza   MeSH
• Publikační typ
• časopisecké články MeSH
• práce podpořená grantem MeSH
• přehledy MeSH
• Názvy látek
• actinorhodin MeSH Prohlížeč
• anthrachinony MeSH
• antibakteriální látky MeSH
• bialaphos MeSH Prohlížeč
• organofosforové sloučeniny MeSH
• streptomycin MeSH

Numerous antibodies with a known mechanism of action are utilized as possible means for studying morphogenesis and differentiation. Inhibitors of biosynthesis of nucleic acids and proteins, compounds intervening with the synthesis and/or function of cell walls and membranes or compounds influencing the energy metabolism are particularly useful. The use of antibiotics for studies of the life cycle of viruses, bacteria, fungi, myxomycetes, protozoa and algae is analyzed in the present communication. Certain aspects of morphogenesis and functions of mitochondria and plastids were clarified with the aid of antibiotics. Relationships between production of antibiotics and differentiation of their producers are discussed in the final part of the paper.

• MeSH
• antibakteriální látky biosyntéza   farmakologie   MeSH
• Bacteria růst a vývoj   MeSH
• chloroplasty fyziologie   MeSH
• Eukaryota růst a vývoj   MeSH
• houby růst a vývoj   MeSH
• mitochondrie fyziologie   MeSH
• morfogeneze MeSH
• organoidy fyziologie   MeSH
• spory hub fyziologie   MeSH
• viry růst a vývoj   MeSH
• Publikační typ
• časopisecké články MeSH
• přehledy MeSH
• Názvy látek
• antibakteriální látky MeSH

• MeSH
• amidinotransferasy metabolismus   MeSH
• antibakteriální látky metabolismus   MeSH
• Bacillus metabolismus   MeSH
• Bacteria metabolismus   MeSH
• buněčná stěna metabolismus   MeSH
• neomycin metabolismus   MeSH
• Penicillium metabolismus   MeSH
• Streptomyces griseus metabolismus   MeSH
• streptomycin metabolismus   MeSH
• Publikační typ
• časopisecké články MeSH
• Názvy látek
• amidinotransferasy MeSH
• antibakteriální látky MeSH
• neomycin MeSH
• streptomycin MeSH

The course of growth curves with respect to the biosynthesis of anthracyclines was followed in the wild low-producing strain Streptomyces galilaeus JA 3043 and in its mutants G-167 (producing increased quantities of glycosides of epsilon-pyrromycinone) and J-14 (accumulating free epsilon-pyrromycinone). A two-phase type of fermentation (growth phase, production phase) was observed in strains JA 3043 and J-14. The maximum production of anthracyclines occurred only after the end of intense growth of the culture. Two phases of rapid growth separated by a phase of stagnation were observed in strain G-167. The second growth phase proceeded only during late hours of cultivation and was (as compared with the first phase) associated with an intensive biosynthesis of anthracyclines.

• MeSH
• antibakteriální látky biosyntéza   MeSH
• DNA bakterií biosyntéza   MeSH
• druhová specificita MeSH
• fermentace MeSH
• glukosa metabolismus   MeSH
• glykosidy biosyntéza   MeSH
• mutace MeSH
• naftaceny biosyntéza   MeSH
• Streptomyces genetika   růst a vývoj   metabolismus   MeSH
• Publikační typ
• časopisecké články MeSH
• Názvy látek
• antibakteriální látky MeSH
• DNA bakterií MeSH
• glukosa MeSH
• glykosidy MeSH
• naftaceny MeSH