Bone marrow stromal cells (BMSCs) serve as a valuable reservoir of multipotent stem cells important in the regulation of bone homeostasis and energy metabolism. Here, we present a protocol for isolating human BMSCs (hBMSCs) and characterizing their cellular metabolism related to hBMSC functional properties. We describe steps for bioenergetics, cell senescence, and production of reactive oxygen species (ROS), together with description of the data analysis. These assays provide information on hBMSC metabolic status valuable to regenerative medicine and therapeutic applications. For complete details on the use and execution of this protocol, please refer to Tencerova et al.1.

• Keywords
• Cell Biology, Metabolism, Stem Cells,
• MeSH
• Bone Marrow Cells * cytology   metabolism   MeSH
• Energy Metabolism MeSH
• Cells, Cultured MeSH
• Humans MeSH
• Mesenchymal Stem Cells * cytology   metabolism   MeSH
• Reactive Oxygen Species metabolism   MeSH
• Cell Separation * methods   MeSH
• Cellular Senescence MeSH
• Check Tag
• Humans MeSH
• Publication type
• Journal Article MeSH
• Names of Substances
• Reactive Oxygen Species MeSH

Bone remodeling is energetically demanding process. Energy coming from nutrients present in the diet contributes to function of different cell type including osteoblasts, osteocytes and osteoclasts in bone marrow participating in bone homeostasis. With aging, obesity and osteoporosis the function of key building blocks, bone marrow stromal cells (BMSCs), changes towards higher accumulation of bone marrow adipose tissue (BMAT) and decreased bone mass, which is affected by diet and sex dimorphism. Men and women have unique nutritional needs based on physiological and hormonal changes across the life span. However, the exact molecular mechanisms behind these pathophysiological conditions in bone are not well-known. In this review, we focus on bone and BMAT physiology in men and women and how this approach has been taken by animal studies. Furthermore, we discuss the different diet interventions and impact on bone and BMAT in respect to sex differences. We also discuss the future perspective on precision nutrition with a consideration of sex-based differences which could bring better understanding of the diet intervention in bone health and weight management.

• Keywords
• Nutrition, Diet composition, Bone, Bone marrow adiposity, Sex differences,
• MeSH
• Adiposity * physiology   MeSH
• Bone and Bones metabolism   MeSH
• Bone Marrow * metabolism   MeSH
• Humans MeSH
• Nutritional Status MeSH
• Sex Characteristics MeSH
• Bone Remodeling physiology   MeSH
• Animals MeSH
• Check Tag
• Humans MeSH
• Male MeSH
• Female MeSH
• Animals MeSH
• Publication type
• Journal Article MeSH
• Review MeSH