Discrimination of self and nonself is one of the features of all animal species but the ways of elimination of nonself are different. Defense strategies of invertebrates, which lack antibodies and lymphocytes, are based on innate defense mechanisms. The study of such, undoubtedly less complex, defense mechanisms in invertebrates may shed a new light on the more sophisticated immunity of vertebrates. The main aim of this review is to show on one experimental model--an oligochaete annelid--cellular and humoral defense pathways protecting against microbial infection.

• MeSH
• biologické toxiny MeSH
• cytotoxiny genetika   imunologie   MeSH
• hemolyziny imunologie   MeSH
• lektiny * MeSH
• molekulární sekvence - údaje MeSH
• Oligochaeta imunologie   mikrobiologie   fyziologie   MeSH
• prezentace antigenu MeSH
• proteiny chemie   genetika   imunologie   MeSH
• sekvence aminokyselin MeSH
• sekvenční seřazení MeSH
• zvířata MeSH
• Check Tag
• zvířata MeSH
• Publikační typ
• časopisecké články MeSH
• práce podpořená grantem MeSH
• přehledy MeSH
• srovnávací studie MeSH
• Názvy látek
• biologické toxiny MeSH
• coelomic cytolytic factor 1, Eisenia fetida MeSH Prohlížeč
• cytotoxiny MeSH
• fetidin MeSH Prohlížeč
• hemolyziny MeSH
• lektiny * MeSH
• lysenin MeSH Prohlížeč
• proteiny MeSH

Parenteral administration of foreign proteins results in earthworms in significantly increased levels of the antigen-binding protein (ABP). The earthworms (Lumbricus terrestris and Eisenia foetida; Oligochaeta, Annelida) were stimulated with different proteins and the ABP response was followed with an anti-ABP monoclonal antibody and in ligand assay with biotin conjugates of all proteins used for stimulation. ABP levels are increased after the stimulation with different proteins irrespective of the size and extent of glycosylation. Molar mass of the ABP molecules was always the same, 56 kDa in L. terrestris and 60 kDa in E. foetida. The level of the specificity is considerably lower in comparison with immunoglobulins since ABP reacts not only with the protein used for stimulation but also, though to lesser extent, with related proteins.

• MeSH
• antigeny heterofilní MeSH
• antigeny * MeSH
• monoklonální protilátky MeSH
• Oligochaeta imunologie   MeSH
• proteiny imunologie   MeSH
• vazba proteinů imunologie   MeSH
• zvířata MeSH
• Check Tag
• zvířata MeSH
• Publikační typ
• časopisecké články MeSH
• práce podpořená grantem MeSH
• Názvy látek
• antigeny heterofilní MeSH
• antigeny * MeSH
• monoklonální protilátky MeSH
• proteiny MeSH

Earthworms respond to parenteral stimulation with a protein antigen by the formation of an antigen-binding protein. Earthworms were parenterally stimulated with different proteins and the protein binding was estimated in vitro on both humoral and cellular levels. The binding was significantly higher when the same protein was used for in vivo stimulation. The degree of specificity of the antigen-binding protein after the secondary in vivo challenge increased, but even so it was considerably lower than that of vertebrate immunoglobulins.

• MeSH
• adjuvancia imunologická farmakologie   MeSH
• epitopy MeSH
• hapteny farmakologie   MeSH
• imunizace MeSH
• kyselina arsanilová farmakologie   MeSH
• Oligochaeta imunologie   MeSH
• proteiny imunologie   MeSH
• sérový albumin farmakologie   MeSH
• zvířata MeSH
• Check Tag
• zvířata MeSH
• Publikační typ
• časopisecké články MeSH
• práce podpořená grantem MeSH
• srovnávací studie MeSH
• Názvy látek
• adjuvancia imunologická MeSH
• epitopy MeSH
• hapteny MeSH
• kyselina arsanilová MeSH
• proteiny MeSH
• sérový albumin MeSH