Hypertensive disorders in pregnancy are associated with increased risk of maternal, fetal, and neonatal morbidity and mortality. It is important to distinguish between pre-existing (chronic) hypertension and gestational hypertension, developing after 20 weeks of gestation and usually resolving within 6 weeks postpartum. There is a consensus that systolic blood pressure ≥ 170 or diastolic blood pressure ≥ 110 mmHg is an emergency and hospitalization is indicated. The selection of the antihypertensive drug and its route of administration depend on the expected time of delivery. The current European guidelines recommend initiating drug treatment in pregnant women with persistent elevation of blood pressure ≥ 150/95 mmHg and at values > 140/90 mmHg in women with gestational hypertension (with or without proteinuria), with pre-existing hypertension with the superimposition of gestational hypertension, and with hypertension with subclinical organ damage or symptoms at any time during pregnancy. Methyldopa, labetalol, and calcium antagonists (the most data are available for nifedipine) are the drugs of choice. The results of the CHIPS and CHAP studies are likely to reduce the threshold for initiating treatment. Women with a history of hypertensive disorders in pregnancy, particularly those with pre-eclampsia, are at high risk of developing cardiovascular disease later in life. Obstetric history should become a part of the cardiovascular risk assessment in women.
- Klíčová slova
- Cardiovascular risk after hypertensive disorders in pregnancy, Classification of hypertensive disorders in pregnancy, Drug treatment of hypertension in pregnancy, Pre-conception counselling, Prevention of pre-eclampsia,
- MeSH
- antihypertenziva škodlivé účinky MeSH
- hypertenze indukovaná těhotenstvím * diagnóza farmakoterapie epidemiologie MeSH
- hypertenze * diagnóza farmakoterapie epidemiologie MeSH
- krevní tlak MeSH
- labetalol * škodlivé účinky MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- novorozenec MeSH
- preeklampsie * MeSH
- těhotenství MeSH
- Check Tag
- lidé MeSH
- novorozenec MeSH
- těhotenství MeSH
- ženské pohlaví MeSH
- Publikační typ
- časopisecké články MeSH
- přehledy MeSH
- Názvy látek
- antihypertenziva MeSH
- labetalol * MeSH
Atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease (ASCVD) is the leading cause of death worldwide. Despite the clinical long-term and near-term benefits of lowering cholesterol in, respectively, primary and secondary prevention of ASCVD, cholesterol levels remain under-treated, with many patients not achieving their recommended targets. The present article will review the latest updates on lipid management with emphases on the different classes of cholesterol-lowering agents and their clinical uses.
- Klíčová slova
- ASCVD, Atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease, Cholesterol, Lipid management, Triglycerides,
- MeSH
- anticholesteremika škodlivé účinky terapeutické užití MeSH
- ateroskleróza krev diagnóza farmakoterapie mortalita MeSH
- biologické markery krev MeSH
- cholesterol krev MeSH
- chování snižující riziko MeSH
- cvičení MeSH
- dyslipidemie krev diagnóza farmakoterapie mortalita MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- ochranné faktory MeSH
- rizikové faktory MeSH
- triglyceridy krev MeSH
- výsledek terapie MeSH
- zdravá strava MeSH
- Check Tag
- lidé MeSH
- Publikační typ
- časopisecké články MeSH
- přehledy MeSH
- Názvy látek
- anticholesteremika MeSH
- biologické markery MeSH
- cholesterol MeSH
- triglyceridy MeSH
INTRODUCTION: Cardiovascular diseases constitute one of the main causes of disability and premature death. The basic pathology consists of atherosclerosis. Therefore, influencing risk factors, including nutrition, is essential for prevention. AIM: To assess the opinion of Czech citizens, over 40 years old, on the role of nutrition as it relates to risk factors for cardiovascular diseases. METHODS: Data from 1992 participants were acquired using a research questionnaire administered throughout the Czech Republic from 1.4.2016-20.4.2016. The data was analyzed using the SASD program, version 1.4.12. RESULTS: Data analyses revealed that the age group in question still includes a great number of people who are unaware of the relationship between nutrition and development (31.8%) or progression (18.0%) of heart diseases. Rejection of the relationship was most frequently expressed by those 40-49 years of age and those that were employed. The study also found that the role of nutrition modification was more frequently discussed between patients and physicians (54.7%) than patients and nurses (38.0%). An overwhelming majority of respondents considered information related to nutrition modification useful (93.0%). CONCLUSION: In order to increase the efficiency of preventive measures, the transfer of theoretical knowledge to the lay public must be accompanied by interventions aimed at information repetition, motivation, and establishment of partnerships with health care providers.
- Klíčová slova
- Cardiovascular diseases, Nurse, Nutrition habits, Prevention, Risk factor,
- MeSH
- chování snižující riziko * MeSH
- dospělí MeSH
- kardiovaskulární nemoci diagnóza enzymologie patofyziologie prevence a kontrola MeSH
- lidé středního věku MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- nutriční hodnota MeSH
- nutriční stav MeSH
- ochranné faktory MeSH
- podpora zdraví MeSH
- prognóza MeSH
- průzkumy a dotazníky MeSH
- rizikové faktory MeSH
- senioři nad 80 let MeSH
- senioři MeSH
- stravovací zvyklosti MeSH
- věkové faktory MeSH
- zdravá strava * MeSH
- zdraví - znalosti, postoje, praxe MeSH
- Check Tag
- dospělí MeSH
- lidé středního věku MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- mužské pohlaví MeSH
- senioři nad 80 let MeSH
- senioři MeSH
- ženské pohlaví MeSH
- Publikační typ
- časopisecké články MeSH
- srovnávací studie MeSH
- Geografické názvy
- Česká republika epidemiologie MeSH
INTRODUCTION: Impaired baroreflex function is associated with a shift in autonomic balance towards sympathetic dominance, which may play important role in the development of arterial hypertension and consequent target organ damage. AIM: To determine the effect of treatment on the cardiovascular autonomic modulation expressed by baroreflex sensitivity (BRS) in hypertensives. METHODS: A total of one hundred fourteen hypertensive patients (58 male/56 female, 65 ± 13 years of age, BMI 30 ± 3.4 kg/m(2)) were enrolled. Control group of 20 subjects with normal blood pressure (BP) (ten male/ten female, 59 ± 8 years of age, body mass index 28.3 ± 2.5 kg/m(2)) without any treatment was also studied. BRS and BRSf were determined by the sequence and spectral method: a 5-min on-invasive beat-to-beat recording of blood pressure and R-R interval with use of Collin CBM-7000 monitor, controlled breathing at a frequency of 0.1 Hz. RESULTS: Significant negative correlation between spontaneous BRS and BP was present in hypertensives (r = -0.52, p < 0.001). All cohort of hypertensive patients had significantly lower BRS than subjects with normal blood pressure (p < 0.05). The greatest decline in BRS values was in hypertensive patients with metabolic syndrome, who had BRS values <5 ms/mmHg. Hypertensives with hypercholesterolaemia on low dose statin therapy (atrovastatin 20 mg) had higher BRS/BRSf values than statin free patients (p < 0.05). Only BRSf not BRS was significantly increased in hypertensives with beta-blockers. CONCLUSION: An inverse correlation between blood pressure and BRS is present in hypertensives. BRS and BRSf is higher in low dose statin-treated patients with essential hypertension.
- Klíčová slova
- Arterial hypertension, Autonomic nervous system, Baroreflex sensitivity, Metabolic syndrome, Statins,
- MeSH
- antihypertenziva aplikace a dávkování MeSH
- arteriální tlak účinky léků MeSH
- atorvastatin aplikace a dávkování MeSH
- autonomní nervový systém účinky léků patofyziologie MeSH
- baroreflex účinky léků MeSH
- časové faktory MeSH
- hyperlipidemie diagnóza farmakoterapie patofyziologie MeSH
- hypertenze diagnóza farmakoterapie patofyziologie MeSH
- kardiovaskulární systém inervace MeSH
- lidé středního věku MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- senioři MeSH
- statiny aplikace a dávkování MeSH
- výsledek terapie MeSH
- Check Tag
- lidé středního věku MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- mužské pohlaví MeSH
- senioři MeSH
- ženské pohlaví MeSH
- Publikační typ
- časopisecké články MeSH
- Názvy látek
- antihypertenziva MeSH
- atorvastatin MeSH
- statiny MeSH
