OBJECTIVES: Atopic dermatitis (AD) is a common allergic disease with potential links to environmental pollutants, including heavy metals. This study investigates the association between co-exposure to cadmium and mercury and AD among Korean children. METHODS: Data from the fourth cycle of the Korean National Environmental Health Survey (KoNEHS) included 736 elementary school students. Urinary cadmium and mercury levels were measured, and their association with lifetime prevalence of AD was analysed using logistic regression, weighted quantile sum (WQS) regression, quantile g-computation (QGC), and Bayesian kernel machine regression (BKMR). Confounders adjusted included age, sex, urinary cotinine, income, and body mass index. Sensitivity analyses used symptomatic AD and AD treatment as outcome variables. RESULTS: Among two metals, only cadmium in the highest tertile showed an odds ratio (OR) of 2.39 (95% CI: 1.12-5.10) compared with lowest tertile, with a significant trend per tertile increase (OR 1.58, 95% CI: 1.08-2.31) in multiple logistic regression. Co-exposure analysis using WQS and QGC revealed significant associations with AD prevalence, with WQS showing an OR of 1.47 (95% CI: 1.18-1.83) and QGC showing an OR of 1.60 (95% CI: 1.20-2.13) per tertile increase of exposure. BKMR indicated a dose-dependent relationship between overall exposure and AD risk. For symptomatic AD, similar trend was found. The treatment status of AD did not show a significant association with either heavy metal. CONCLUSION: This study suggests a significant association between co-exposure to cadmium and mercury and atopic dermatitis, emphasizing the need to consider combined environmental exposures in epidemiological studies.

• Klíčová slova
• atopic dermatitis, cadmium, co-exposure, heavy metals, mercury,
• MeSH
• atopická dermatitida * epidemiologie   chemicky indukované   MeSH
• dítě MeSH
• kadmium * moč   škodlivé účinky   MeSH
• látky znečišťující životní prostředí * moč   MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• prevalence MeSH
• rtuť * moč   škodlivé účinky   MeSH
• studenti statistika a číselné údaje   MeSH
• vystavení vlivu životního prostředí * škodlivé účinky   statistika a číselné údaje   analýza   MeSH
• zdravotnické přehledy MeSH
• Check Tag
• dítě MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• mužské pohlaví MeSH
• ženské pohlaví MeSH
• Publikační typ
• časopisecké články MeSH
• Geografické názvy
• Korejská republika epidemiologie   MeSH
• Názvy látek
• kadmium * MeSH
• látky znečišťující životní prostředí * MeSH
• rtuť * MeSH

OBJECTIVE: Mercury dental amalgam restorations are an important source of chronic exposure to mercury in the whole population and special attention should be paid not only to occupational exposure to mercury during the preparation and administration of amalgam. The authors' report is an up-to-date contribution to the health risk assessment of mercury use in dentistry, namely occupational exposure to mercury in dentists working with dental amalgam and exposure to mercury in persons treated with amalgam dental restorations. METHODS: Determination of total mercury in samples of biological material (urine, hair) was performed during 2017 and 2018 in 50 persons by the AAS method using the mercury vapour generation technique at 254.6 nm. RESULTS: Current dental exposures based on the most recent findings do not exceed acceptable risk levels and are below the biological limit of mercury in urine valid for occupationally exposed persons (100 μg.g-1 of creatinine), namely median value was 1.48 (min. < limit of detection (LOD), max. 17.14) μg.g-1 of creatinine (40 persons), total mercury content in hair of dental personnel expressed as median value was 0.340 (min. 0.060, max.1.628) μg.g-1. In controls (10 persons) was total mercury content in urine expressed as median value 0.36 (min. < LOD, max. 2.74) μg.g-1 of creatinine, in hair was median value 0.224 (min. 0.059, max. 0.453) μg.g-1. CONCLUSIONS: Authors support opinion that amalgam fillings in the oral cavity are a permanent source of mercury for the body itself.

• Klíčová slova
• biological monitoring, dental amalgam, exposure, health risks, mercury,
• MeSH
• hodnocení rizik MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• pracovní expozice škodlivé účinky   analýza   MeSH
• rtuť škodlivé účinky   analýza   moč   MeSH
• vlasy, chlupy chemie   MeSH
• vystavení vlivu životního prostředí škodlivé účinky   analýza   MeSH
• zubní amalgam škodlivé účinky   MeSH
• Check Tag
• lidé MeSH
• Publikační typ
• časopisecké články MeSH
• Názvy látek
• rtuť MeSH
• zubní amalgam MeSH

AIMS: To evaluate whether patients with late complications of pacemakers or implantable cardioverter-defibrillators have hypersensitivity reactions to some of the materials used in generators or in electrodes, or to environmental metal burden. METHODS AND RESULTS: The cohort consisted of 20 men and 4 women (mean age: 62.3 ± 17.2 years) who had a history of late complications of implanted devices. The control group involved 25 men and 8 women (mean age: 64.6 ± 14.0 years) who had comparable devices, but no history of late complications. Lymphocyte transformation test was used to evaluate hypersensitivity to eight metal pollutants (antimony, manganese, mercury, molybdenum, nickel, platinum, tin, and titanium) selected by results of questionnaires on environmental burden, and by material analysis of generators and electrode surfaces. Exposures to metal pollutants were approximately the same in patients and in controls. Titanium alloy used in generators contained at least 99.32% of titanium and trace levels of other metals; higher levels of tin and platinum were detected in electrode surfaces. Hypersensitivity reactions to mercury and tin were significantly more frequent in patients than in controls (patients and controls: mercury: 68.2 and 31.1%, respectively; P = 0.022; tin: 25.0 and 3.2%, respectively; P = 0.035). In contrast, hypersensitivity to manganese was significantly more frequent in controls than in patients (patients and controls: 13.6 and 50.0%, respectively; P = 0.008). CONCLUSION: Our findings suggest a possible relation between hypersensitivity to metals used in implantable devices or to environmental metal burden and the occurrence of their late complications.

• MeSH
• aktivace lymfocytů MeSH
• alergie epidemiologie   etiologie   MeSH
• antimon škodlivé účinky   MeSH
• cín škodlivé účinky   MeSH
• defibrilátory implantabilní škodlivé účinky   MeSH
• implantace protézy * MeSH
• infekce spojené s protézou epidemiologie   MeSH
• kovy škodlivé účinky   MeSH
• kožní nemoci epidemiologie   MeSH
• látky znečišťující životní prostředí škodlivé účinky   MeSH
• lidé středního věku MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• mangan škodlivé účinky   MeSH
• molybden škodlivé účinky   MeSH
• nikl škodlivé účinky   MeSH
• platina škodlivé účinky   MeSH
• pooperační bolest epidemiologie   MeSH
• pooperační komplikace epidemiologie   MeSH
• prostředky srdeční resynchronizační terapie škodlivé účinky   MeSH
• rtuť škodlivé účinky   MeSH
• senioři MeSH
• slitiny MeSH
• titan škodlivé účinky   MeSH
• Check Tag
• lidé středního věku MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• mužské pohlaví MeSH
• senioři MeSH
• ženské pohlaví MeSH
• Publikační typ
• časopisecké články MeSH
• Názvy látek
• antimon MeSH
• cín MeSH
• kovy MeSH
• látky znečišťující životní prostředí MeSH
• mangan MeSH
• molybden MeSH
• nikl MeSH
• platina MeSH
• rtuť MeSH
• slitiny MeSH
• titan MeSH

Orofacial granulomatosis is a clinicopathologic entity characterized by chronic swelling of the lip and possible soft tissues in the orofacial region owing to granulomatous inflammation of unknown cause. We present 3 cases of orofacial granulomatosis associated with allergic contact dermatitis to dental materials. Previous treatment with corticosteroids did not have any therapeutic effect. Patch testing revealed a positive reaction to several allergens, including dental amalgam and mercury in 2 cases. A lymphocyte transformation test modified for metals was used to evaluate lymphocyte reactivity. After the removal of the suspected allergens, all patients experienced recovery within 1 month, with the exception of the lip swelling, which gradually subsided over several months.

• MeSH
• dospělí MeSH
• lidé středního věku MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• mladý dospělý MeSH
• náplasťové testy MeSH
• nemoci rtu chemicky indukované   patologie   terapie   MeSH
• orofaciální granulomatóza chemicky indukované   patologie   terapie   MeSH
• pozdní přecitlivělost etiologie   patologie   terapie   MeSH
• rtuť škodlivé účinky   MeSH
• výsledek terapie MeSH
• zubní amalgam škodlivé účinky   MeSH
• Check Tag
• dospělí MeSH
• lidé středního věku MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• mladý dospělý MeSH
• ženské pohlaví MeSH
• Publikační typ
• časopisecké články MeSH
• kazuistiky MeSH
• práce podpořená grantem MeSH
• Názvy látek
• rtuť MeSH
• zubní amalgam MeSH

OBJECTIVES: The impact of dental amalgam removal on the levels of anti-thyroid peroxidase (anti-TPO) and anti-thyroglobulin (anti-Tg) antibodies was studied in patients with autoimmune thyroiditis (AT) with and without mercury allergy. METHODS: Thirty-nine patients with AT were tested by an optimized lymphocyte proliferation test MELISA for allergy (hypersensitivity) to inorganic mercury. Patients were divided into two groups: Group I (n = 12) with no hypersensitivity to mercury and Group II (n = 27) with hypersensitivity to mercury. Amalgam fillings were removed from the oral cavities of 15 patients with hypersensitivity to mercury (Group IIA) and left in place in the remaining 12 patients (Group IIB). The laboratory markers of AT, anti-TPO and anti-Tg autoantibodies, were determined in all groups at the beginning of the study and six months later. RESULTS: Compared to levels at the beginning of the study, only patients with mercury hypersensitivity who underwent amalgam replacement (Group IIA) showed a significant decrease in the levels of both anti-Tg (p=0.001) and anti-TPO (p=0.0007) autoantibodies. The levels of autoantibodies in patients with or without mercury hypersensitivity (Group I and Group IIB) who did not replace amalgam did not change. CONCLUSION: Removal of mercury-containing dental amalgam in patients with mercury hypersensitivity may contribute to successful treatment of autoimmune thyroiditis.

• MeSH
• aktivace lymfocytů MeSH
• alergie etiologie   terapie   MeSH
• autoantigeny imunologie   MeSH
• autoimunitní tyreoiditida etiologie   imunologie   terapie   MeSH
• autoprotilátky krev   MeSH
• jodidperoxidasa imunologie   MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• proteiny vázající železo imunologie   MeSH
• rtuť škodlivé účinky   MeSH
• výsledek terapie MeSH
• zubní amalgam škodlivé účinky   MeSH
• Check Tag
• lidé MeSH
• ženské pohlaví MeSH
• Publikační typ
• časopisecké články MeSH
• klinické zkoušky MeSH
• práce podpořená grantem MeSH
• Názvy látek
• anti-thyroglobulin MeSH Prohlížeč
• autoantigeny MeSH
• autoprotilátky MeSH
• jodidperoxidasa MeSH
• proteiny vázající železo MeSH
• rtuť MeSH
• TPO protein, human MeSH Prohlížeč
• zubní amalgam MeSH

Mining for coal and its utilization have various impacts on the surrounding environment. Huge volumes of waste materials which are by-products of both the underground and open cast coal mining, pose one of the major environmental hazards in addition to air pollution caused by coal burning in power plants in the Czech Republic. Some of these risks could be reduced when having accurate and comprehensive data on coal quality. Statistical data processing of almost 35,000 coal samples from Late Paleozoic and Tertiary coal basins of the Czech Republic provided a unique information on the quality of lignite, sub-bituminous and bituminous coals and anthracites including the content of toxic trace elements (As, Be, Hg, Pb and Se). In this context related environment and health risks and protection implications are discussed.

• MeSH
• arsen škodlivé účinky   analýza   MeSH
• beryllium škodlivé účinky   analýza   MeSH
• elektrárny MeSH
• látky znečišťující vzduch škodlivé účinky   analýza   MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• olovo škodlivé účinky   analýza   MeSH
• rtuť škodlivé účinky   analýza   MeSH
• selen škodlivé účinky   analýza   MeSH
• stopové prvky škodlivé účinky   analýza   MeSH
• uhlí škodlivé účinky   analýza   MeSH
• vystavení vlivu životního prostředí škodlivé účinky   statistika a číselné údaje   MeSH
• Check Tag
• lidé MeSH
• Publikační typ
• časopisecké články MeSH
• práce podpořená grantem MeSH
• Geografické názvy
• Česká republika MeSH
• Názvy látek
• arsen MeSH
• beryllium MeSH
• látky znečišťující vzduch MeSH
• olovo MeSH
• rtuť MeSH
• selen MeSH
• stopové prvky MeSH
• uhlí MeSH

BACKGROUND: Patients with certain autoimmune and allergic diseases, such as systemic lupus, multiple sclerosis, autoimmune thyroiditis or atopic eczema, often show increased lymphocyte stimulation by low doses of inorganic mercury in vitro. The patients often report clinical metal hypersensitivity, especially to nickel. OBJECTIVE AND METHODS: In this study we examined the health impact of amalgam replacement in mercury-allergic patients with autoimmunity. The suitability of MELISA, an optimized lymphocyte stimulation test, for the selection of susceptible patients and monitoring of sensitization was also examined. Amalgam fillings were replaced with composites and ceramic materials. Follow-up health status and lymphocyte reactivity were assessed and evaluated half a year or later following amalgam removal. RESULTS: Results of lymphocyte reactivity measured with MELISA indicate that in vitro reactivity after the replacement of dental amalgam decreased significantly to inorganic mercury, silver, organic mercury and lead. Out of 35 patients, 25 patients (71%) showed improvement of health. The remaining patients exhibited either unchanged health (6 patients, 17%) or worsening of symptoms (4 patients, 11%). The highest rate of improvement was observed in patients with multiple sclerosis, the lowest rate was noted in patients with eczema. The initial mercury-specific lymphocyte reactivity was significantly higher in the responder group, than in the non-responders, whose health was not improved by amalgam removal. All patients with health improvement after amalgam replacement showed reduced proliferation to inorganic mercury in follow-up MELISA. In vitro responses to phenylmercury and nickel did not differ between the groups. CONCLUSIONS: Mercury-containing amalgam may be an important risk factor for patients with autoimmune diseases. MELISA is a valuable tool for selection of patients for amalgam replacement and also for monitoring of metal allergies.

• MeSH
• aktivace lymfocytů MeSH
• atopická dermatitida imunologie   MeSH
• autoimunitní nemoci imunologie   MeSH
• autoimunitní tyreoiditida imunologie   MeSH
• dospělí MeSH
• léková alergie imunologie   MeSH
• lidé středního věku MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• roztroušená skleróza imunologie   MeSH
• rtuť škodlivé účinky   MeSH
• senioři MeSH
• systémový lupus erythematodes imunologie   MeSH
• zdravotní stav MeSH
• zubní amalgam * MeSH
• Check Tag
• dospělí MeSH
• lidé středního věku MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• mužské pohlaví MeSH
• senioři MeSH
• ženské pohlaví MeSH
• Publikační typ
• časopisecké články MeSH
• práce podpořená grantem MeSH
• Názvy látek
• rtuť MeSH
• zubní amalgam * MeSH

A group of selected 25 patients with serious intolerance to heavy metals used for dental restoration were examined for HLA antigens. A significant increase for HLA -- B37, B47 and DR4 was found. The value of the relative risk is not significant after correction for the number of antigens tested and therefore further studies of more patients are needed.

• MeSH
• genetická predispozice k nemoci MeSH
• HLA antigeny genetika   MeSH
• HLA-B antigeny genetika   MeSH
• HLA-B37 antigen MeSH
• HLA-DR4 antigen genetika   MeSH
• léková alergie epidemiologie   genetika   MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• riziko MeSH
• rtuť škodlivé účinky   MeSH
• slitiny škodlivé účinky   MeSH
• těžké kovy škodlivé účinky   MeSH
• zubní amalgam škodlivé účinky   MeSH
• zubní materiály škodlivé účinky   MeSH
• Check Tag
• lidé MeSH
• Publikační typ
• časopisecké články MeSH
• práce podpořená grantem MeSH
• Názvy látek
• HLA antigeny MeSH
• HLA-B antigeny MeSH
• HLA-B37 antigen MeSH
• HLA-B47 antigen MeSH Prohlížeč
• HLA-DR4 antigen MeSH
• rtuť MeSH
• slitiny MeSH
• těžké kovy MeSH
• zubní amalgam MeSH
• zubní materiály MeSH

The authors performed neurological, visual evoked potentials (VEP) and electroneurography (ENG) examinations on three groups of workers with occupational exposure to mercury vapors (Hg(0)), and on a control group. The exposure of dental professionals (n = 36) was mild, that of chloralkali plant workers (n = 36) was intermediate, and that of workers from mercury works (n = 77) was very high. Symptoms and signs of micromercurialism were observed only in the group with the highest exposure to Hg(0). In comparison with the control group, a shortening of VEP latency and a decrease in amplitude were found in the exposed groups. The VEP changes correlated with Hg(0) excreted in urine after administration of a chelating agent - sodium 2,3-dimercapto-1-propan sulfonate (DMPS). The frequency of abnormal VEP results increased with increasing levels of exposure. ENG changes were observed only in the group with the highest exposure to Hg(0). An isolated decrease of sural nerve conduction velocity was observed in 18% of total workers. In 70% of the cases, this was associated with an abnormality in VEP. The combination of a decrease in sural nerve conduction velocity and an abnormality of VEP seems to be a characteristic pattern of electrophysiological changes in persons exposed to mercury vapors.

• MeSH
• chelátory MeSH
• dospělí MeSH
• elektrofyziologie MeSH
• hutnictví MeSH
• lidé středního věku MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• neurologické vyšetření MeSH
• pracovní expozice škodlivé účinky   MeSH
• průřezové studie MeSH
• rtuť škodlivé účinky   moč   MeSH
• senioři MeSH
• unithiol MeSH
• vztah mezi dávkou a účinkem léčiva MeSH
• zrakové evokované potenciály fyziologie   MeSH
• zubní asistenti MeSH
• zubní lékaři MeSH
• Check Tag
• dospělí MeSH
• lidé středního věku MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• mužské pohlaví MeSH
• senioři MeSH
• ženské pohlaví MeSH
• Publikační typ
• časopisecké články MeSH
• klinické zkoušky MeSH
• práce podpořená grantem MeSH
• Názvy látek
• chelátory MeSH
• rtuť MeSH
• unithiol MeSH

The awareness of the effects of metallic mercury vapour on the human immune system has increased only in the last decade. The regulatory guidelines relating to testing for immunotoxicity of metals are not standardized so far. A full understanding of the relevance of the tests to man is still incomplete. Immunotoxicity investigation of metals in rodents, with subsequent extrapolation to man, forms the basis of human risk assessment. Human contact with mercury vapour is mainly in chloralkali plants and in factories producing controlling and measuring devices. When the immune system acts as a target of xenobiotic insults, the result can be a decreased resistance to infection, cancers, or immune disregulation that can induce the development of allergy, or autoimmunity (Fig. 1). This article reviews literature data and our studies concerning the immunotoxicity of metallic mercury vapour. A number of data shows that mercury exerts a suppressing effect but another data suggest stimulating effects on the human immune system. The results of immunological monitoring of individuals exposed to mercury vapour were either positive or negative as well as borderline and uncertain as to the influence of mercury vapour on human immune system. The positive data had no influence on the resistance of workers to infections and neoplasms. Skin and mucosa hypersensitivity to metallic mercury is rare. No positive report that mercury vapour could be carcinogenic in man has appeared up to now.

• MeSH
• imunitní systém účinky léků   MeSH
• imunokomplexová onemocnění chemicky indukované   MeSH
• imunotoxiny škodlivé účinky   MeSH
• látky znečišťující vzduch v pracovním prostředí škodlivé účinky   MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• monitorování imunologické MeSH
• pracovní expozice škodlivé účinky   MeSH
• rtuť škodlivé účinky   MeSH
• Check Tag
• lidé MeSH
• mužské pohlaví MeSH
• Publikační typ
• časopisecké články MeSH
• přehledy MeSH
• Názvy látek
• imunotoxiny MeSH
• látky znečišťující vzduch v pracovním prostředí MeSH
• rtuť MeSH