The study investigates physical, mental and sexual changes in women at the beginning of use or after discontinuation of a combined hormonal contraception. Thirty women were interviewed at least 3 months and at most 2 years after the start of use or discontinuation of combined hormonal contraception. Semi-structured interviews were supplemented by 16-symptom rating scale on which women assessed the results of an imaginary study of side effects of hormonal contraception. Both methods identically demonstrated pronounced effect of combined hormonal contraception on decline in sexual desire and painful menstruation. No clear difference was found in psychical symptoms, although qualitative analysis indicated possible changes.

• Klíčová slova
• combined hormonal contraception, menstrual cycle, mental changes, premenstrual syndrome, sexual desire, side effects.,
• MeSH
• dospělí MeSH
• dysmenorea psychologie   MeSH
• kontraceptiva orální hormonální * MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• premenstruační syndrom psychologie   MeSH
• sexuální chování účinky léků   MeSH
• určení symptomu MeSH
• Check Tag
• dospělí MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• ženské pohlaví MeSH
• Publikační typ
• časopisecké články MeSH
• Názvy látek
• kontraceptiva orální hormonální * MeSH

• MeSH
• levodopa MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• psoriáza krev   MeSH
• růstový hormon krev   MeSH
• Check Tag
• lidé MeSH
• Publikační typ
• časopisecké články MeSH
• Názvy látek
• levodopa MeSH
• růstový hormon MeSH

Hormonal contraception may be accompanied by voice disorders. The authors examined a woman who suffered from symptoms of virilization (enlarged larynx with male-sounding voice), after having taken the preparation Biogest. It may thus be advisable to monitor women taking hormonal contraceptives to observe possible changes in their voices. As soon as such changes occur, a phoniatrist should be consulted. Increased attention should be paid to women whose vocal organ is subjected to increased requirements. (Authors' modified)

• Klíčová slova
• Contraception, Contraceptive Methods--side effects, Family Planning, Oral Contraceptives--side effects *,
• MeSH
• dospělí MeSH
• hlas účinky léků   MeSH
• kontraceptiva orální hormonální škodlivé účinky   MeSH
• kontraceptiva orální škodlivé účinky   MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• Check Tag
• dospělí MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• ženské pohlaví MeSH
• Publikační typ
• anglický abstrakt MeSH
• časopisecké články MeSH
• kazuistiky MeSH
• Názvy látek
• kontraceptiva orální hormonální MeSH
• kontraceptiva orální MeSH

Adiponectin is an adipocyte-derived hormone involved in the regulation of carbohydrate and lipid metabolism. Its concentrations are decreased in patients with obesity, type 2 diabetes and atherosclerosis and are higher in females than in males. Gender differences of adiponectin levels raise the possibility that sex hormones directly regulate its serum concentrations, which may in turn influence insulin sensitivity in different phases of the menstrual cycle. To test this hypothesis we measured serum adiponectin, estradiol, progesterone, luteinizing hormone and follicle-stimulating hormone concentrations daily throughout the menstrual cycle in six healthy women. Mean adiponectin levels strongly positively correlated with serum cortisol concentrations [R=0.94286; p=0.0048 (Spearman correlation test)], but were not significantly related to other anthropometric, biochemical and hormonal characteristics of the subjects (BMI, blood glucose, insulin, testosterone, prolactin, cholesterol, HDL cholesterol, LDL cholesterol, triglycerides concentrations, or atherogenic index). Furthermore, no significant changes of serum adiponectin levels were found throughout the menstrual cycle. We conclude that changes in sex hormones during the menstrual cycle do not affect total circulating adiponectin levels in healthy women. Therefore, the differences in insulin sensitivity in various phases of the menstrual cycle are not due to changes of circulating adiponectin levels.

• MeSH
• adiponektin krev   MeSH
• časové faktory MeSH
• dospělí MeSH
• estradiol krev   MeSH
• folikuly stimulující hormon krev   MeSH
• gonadotropiny hypofyzární krev   MeSH
• hydrokortison krev   MeSH
• index tělesné hmotnosti MeSH
• inzulin krev   MeSH
• kohortové studie MeSH
• krevní glukóza metabolismus   MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• lipidy krev   MeSH
• luteinizační hormon krev   MeSH
• menstruační cyklus krev   MeSH
• pohlavní steroidní hormony krev   MeSH
• progesteron krev   MeSH
• referenční hodnoty MeSH
• Check Tag
• dospělí MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• ženské pohlaví MeSH
• Publikační typ
• časopisecké články MeSH
• práce podpořená grantem MeSH
• Názvy látek
• adiponektin MeSH
• ADIPOQ protein, human MeSH Prohlížeč
• estradiol MeSH
• folikuly stimulující hormon MeSH
• gonadotropiny hypofyzární MeSH
• hydrokortison MeSH
• inzulin MeSH
• krevní glukóza MeSH
• lipidy MeSH
• luteinizační hormon MeSH
• pohlavní steroidní hormony MeSH
• progesteron MeSH

Oral contraception and hormonal postmenopausal treatment is used worldwide by more than 100 million women. Since 1960 it is known that female sex hormones increase the risk of venous thrombosis, myocardial infarction and acute cerebrovascular attacks. This risk diminishes when small doses of oral contraceptives are administered but it still remains the main cause of thromboembolism in young women. The risk is greatest during the first year of contraceptive use, in women taking desogestrel and gestoden (so-called third generation progesterones) and in women with a prethrombotic predisposition. Hormonal substitution treatment (HRT) increases the risk of venous thrombosis, in particular in the first year of HRT use. In women pregnancy and the puerperium are risks for the development of venous thromboembolism.

• MeSH
• estrogenní substituční terapie * MeSH
• hemostáza * MeSH
• kontraceptiva orální hormonální škodlivé účinky   MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• postmenopauza krev   MeSH
• rizikové faktory MeSH
• trombofilie krev   komplikace   MeSH
• žilní trombóza krev   etiologie   MeSH
• Check Tag
• lidé MeSH
• Publikační typ
• anglický abstrakt MeSH
• časopisecké články MeSH
• Názvy látek
• kontraceptiva orální hormonální MeSH

An important part of the side effects of combined oral contraceptives (COC) usage is its psychological impact, which includes mood changes, anxiousness and depression. The psychological impacts are expected to be caused by physiological fluctuations of sex hormone levels during the menstrual cycle; this cycling is, however, suppressed in COC users. In our study, we assessed the differences in emotional awareness and anxiousness between women long term users of anti-androgenic COC (AA) and women with no COC use in their medical history (C). We also searched for intraindividual differences by comparing the results of both groups for the follicular and luteal phase of their cycle. A total of 45 women aged 18 to 22 participated in this study. The respondents were given our battery of questionnaires at the beginning of their follicular phase - this battery included two State-Trait Anxiety Inventory questionnaires (STAI-I, STAI-II), as well as a Levels of Emotional Awareness Scale (LEAS) test. The respondents were given only STAI-I in their luteal phase. We also analyzed the hormonal profile of our respondents. Our results show a significant difference in the LEAS analysis, implying the possibility of altered emotional awareness in AA group. STAI-I and STAI-II analysis did not yield any significant results, showing that anxiety levels of COC users probably do not differ from the general female population. We therefore discovered lower emotional awareness in COC using women (AA). Key words LEAS, STAI, Combined oral contraceptives, Anxiety, Hormonal profile.

• MeSH
• dospělí MeSH
• emoce * účinky léků   MeSH
• kontraceptiva orální hormonální * škodlivé účinky   MeSH
• kontraceptiva orální kombinovaná * škodlivé účinky   MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• menstruační cyklus účinky léků   psychologie   MeSH
• mladiství MeSH
• mladý dospělý MeSH
• pilotní projekty MeSH
• uvědomování si * účinky léků   MeSH
• úzkost * psychologie   chemicky indukované   MeSH
• Check Tag
• dospělí MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• mladiství MeSH
• mladý dospělý MeSH
• ženské pohlaví MeSH
• Publikační typ
• časopisecké články MeSH
• Názvy látek
• kontraceptiva orální hormonální * MeSH
• kontraceptiva orální kombinovaná * MeSH

Hormonal therapy in transsexual patients (TS) includes sexagens administration: androgens in female-to-male transsexual patients (FtM) and oestrogens and antiandrogens in male-to-female transsexual patients (MtF). Duration of hormonal therapy should continue at least 1 year before gender reassignment surgery. Hormonal therapy supresses former gender and induces partially new gender changes. Hormonal therapy continues subsequently after surgery during life. Hormonal therapy in MtF TS includes oestrogens and antiandrogens application. In very young persons in both groups blocking gonadoliberin analogues can be used. In FtM TS testosterone oneself is given (orally and/or parenterally). Authors describe their own experiences with hormonal treatment in 282 TS (163 FtM and 119 MtF). During hormonal therapy statistically significant weight increasing was found in both groups. Total cholesterol increased in FtM. In MtF during hormonal therapy average prolactin level increased from 350.1 to 570.5 mU/l without clinical significance. Total average hormonal therapy duration was 6.73 years in FtM and 4.64 years in MtF and so overall therapy safety assessment is not possible. Any endocrinopathy occurence in the beginning of surveillance was found in 35 persons (12.4 %): simple goiter, autoimmune thyreoiditis, hypothyroidism, hyperthyroidism, gynecomastia, DM type 1, congenital adrenal hyperplasia (CAH), Klinefelter syndrome and nonfunctional pituitary adenoma. It is appropriate as well as in other rare medicine conditions to manage diagnosing and therapy in centers with experience with these issues.

• Klíčová slova
• antiandrogens - female-to-male - hormonal therapy - male-to-female - oestradiol - prolactin - testosterone - transsexualism.,
• MeSH
• hormony terapeutické užití   MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• pohlavní dimorfismus MeSH
• postupy změny pohlaví * MeSH
• rozvrh dávkování léků MeSH
• transsexualismus * MeSH
• Check Tag
• lidé MeSH
• mužské pohlaví MeSH
• ženské pohlaví MeSH
• Publikační typ
• časopisecké články MeSH
• Názvy látek
• hormony MeSH

A study was initiated by the Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology at the University Medical School in Debrecen, Hungary in 1978 for the purpose of analyzing some endocrine parameters of the early postcontraceptive period. Blood levels of luteinizing hormone (LH), follicle stimulating hormone (FSH), estradiol, and progesterone levels were studied by specific radioimmunoassay methods in 24 healthy women, ranging in age between 25-36 years, immediately after discontinuing a 4-10 years' use of a combined oral contraceptive (OC) drug. The blood collection period started in the 2nd half of the last pill cycle and continued throughout the 1st, then the 3rd postpill cycles. Thus the collected material allowed study of the diurnal changes of these hormone levels and made it possible to compare a period still on the pill, the 1st month after discontinuing of taking the pill until the 1st spontaneous menstruation, and the 3rd postpill cycle in the same women. The results indicated ovulatory changes in the hormone levels studied in 17 out of 24 women in the 1st cycles and 21 in the 3rd cycles. The rest of the cycles proved anovulatory. The 1st spontaneous cycle was significantly longer than both the control cycles and the 3rd postpill cycles. Statistical analysis showed that basal levels and height of the midcycle LH peak, and basal FSH levels were found to be lower in the 1st versus 3rd postpill ovulatory cycles. Luteal phase progesterone levels were significantly lower in 10 and 7 cycles, respectively. Estradiol levels were also effected, particularly in the midcycle period. The clinical significance of these phenomena call for further confirmation in the frame of a large-scale study.

• Klíčová slova
• Biology, Clinical Research *, Contraception *, Contraceptive Agents, Contraceptive Agents, Female *, Contraceptive Methods--side effects, Contraceptive Mode Of Action, Developed Countries, Eastern Europe, Endocrine System, Estradiol *, Estrogens *, Europe, Family Planning, Follicle Stimulating Hormone *, Gonadotropins, Gonadotropins, Pituitary *, Hormones *, Hungary, Luteinizing Hormone *, Oral Contraceptives, Combined *, Oral Contraceptives--side effects *, Ovulation Suppression *, Physiology, Progestational Hormones, Progesterone *, Research Methodology,
• MeSH
• abstinenční syndrom krev   MeSH
• dospělí MeSH
• estradiol krev   MeSH
• folikuly stimulující hormon krev   MeSH
• gonadotropiny hypofyzární krev   MeSH
• kontraceptiva orální hormonální farmakologie   MeSH
• kontraceptiva orální kombinovaná škodlivé účinky   MeSH
• kontraceptiva orální škodlivé účinky   MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• luteinizační hormon krev   MeSH
• nitroděložní antikoncepční prostředky MeSH
• pohlavní steroidní hormony krev   MeSH
• progesteron krev   MeSH
• Check Tag
• dospělí MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• ženské pohlaví MeSH
• Publikační typ
• časopisecké články MeSH
• práce podpořená grantem MeSH
• srovnávací studie MeSH
• Názvy látek
• estradiol MeSH
• folikuly stimulující hormon MeSH
• gonadotropiny hypofyzární MeSH
• kontraceptiva orální hormonální MeSH
• kontraceptiva orální kombinovaná MeSH
• kontraceptiva orální MeSH
• luteinizační hormon MeSH
• pohlavní steroidní hormony MeSH
• progesteron MeSH

Three months of tamoxifen treatment of 43 men with idiopathic oligozoospermia, out of which 20 completed the study, resulted in a significant enhancement of sperm motility, but the improvement of sperm parameters was in no relation to the FSH response to short time tamoxifen treatment. There was a significant increase of testosterone, estradiol, LH, FSH, SHBG, 17 alpha-hydroxy-progesterone and also of 11 beta-hydroxyandrostenedione, an androgen of exclusively adrenal origin, during the treatment and (with the exception of the latter), on the first week after discontinuation of the therapy. Significantly elevated testosterone and SHBG concentrations were retained still 9 weeks after finishing of the therapy. The results confirm that tamoxifen treatment provides conditions more favourable for conception and demonstrate that also adrenal steroidogenesis is positively influenced by this antiestrogen.

• MeSH
• 17-alfa-hydroxyprogesteron MeSH
• androgeny analýza   MeSH
• androstendion analogy a deriváty   analýza   MeSH
• estradiol analýza   MeSH
• globulin vázající pohlavní hormony analýza   MeSH
• hydroxyprogesterony analýza   MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• motilita spermií účinky léků   MeSH
• oligospermie farmakoterapie   MeSH
• tamoxifen farmakologie   terapeutické užití   MeSH
• Check Tag
• lidé MeSH
• mužské pohlaví MeSH
• Publikační typ
• časopisecké články MeSH
• srovnávací studie MeSH
• Názvy látek
• 11-hydroxyandrostenedione MeSH Prohlížeč
• 17-alfa-hydroxyprogesteron MeSH
• androgeny MeSH
• androstendion MeSH
• estradiol MeSH
• globulin vázající pohlavní hormony MeSH
• hydroxyprogesterony MeSH
• tamoxifen MeSH

• MeSH
• dospělí MeSH
• estrogeny terapeutické užití   MeSH
• hormony metabolismus   MeSH
• kombinovaná farmakoterapie MeSH
• lidé středního věku MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• menopauza účinky léků   metabolismus   MeSH
• pohlavní steroidní hormony škodlivé účinky   terapeutické užití   MeSH
• Check Tag
• dospělí MeSH
• lidé středního věku MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• mužské pohlaví MeSH
• ženské pohlaví MeSH
• Publikační typ
• časopisecké články MeSH
• přehledy MeSH
• Názvy látek
• estrogeny MeSH
• hormony MeSH
• pohlavní steroidní hormony MeSH