Endocrine disruptors (EDs) are ubiquitous substances both in the environment and everyday products that interfere with the hormonal system. Growing evidence demonstrates their adverse effects on the organism, including the reproductive system and the prostate, owing to their (anti)estrogenic or antiandrogenic effects. Since EDs can interact with steroid hormone actions on-site, understanding the levels of intraprostatic EDs in conjunction with steroids may hold particular significance. The aim of this study was to develop and validate a method for determining estrogens, various groups of EDs (bisphenols, parabens, oxybenzone and nonylphenol) and phytoestrogens in their unconjugated and conjugated forms in prostate tissue by liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry, and subsequently analyze 20 human prostate tissue samples. The method enabled 20 compounds to be analyzed: estrogens (estrone, estradiol, estriol), bisphenols (bisphenol A- BPA, BPS, BPF, BPAF, BPAP, BPZ, BPP), parabens (methyl-, ethyl-, propyl-, butyl-, benzyl- paraben), oxybenzone, nonylphenol and phytoestrogens (daidzein, genistein, equol) with LLOQs between 0.017-2.86 pg/mg of tissue. The most frequently detected EDs in prostate tissues were propylparaben (conjugated and unconjugated forms in 100 % of tissues), methylparaben (unconjugated in 45 % and conjugated in 100 %), ethylparaben (unconjugated in 25 % and conjugated in 100 % BPA (unconjugated in 35 % and conjugated in 60 % and oxybenzone (both forms in 45 % To the best of our knowledge, this is the first study detecting EDs, phytoestrogens and estriol conjugate (E3C) in the prostate. E3C was the most abundant estrogen in prostatic tissue. This highlights the need for further explorations into estrogen metabolism within the prostate.

• MeSH
• benzhydrylové sloučeniny MeSH
• endokrinní disruptory * MeSH
• estriol MeSH
• estrogeny * MeSH
• fytoestrogeny MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• parabeny MeSH
• prostata chemie   MeSH
• Check Tag
• lidé MeSH
• mužské pohlaví MeSH
• Publikační typ
• časopisecké články MeSH
• Názvy látek
• benzhydrylové sloučeniny MeSH
• benzylparaben MeSH Prohlížeč
• bisphenol A MeSH Prohlížeč
• endokrinní disruptory * MeSH
• estriol MeSH
• estrogeny * MeSH
• fytoestrogeny MeSH
• nonylphenol MeSH Prohlížeč
• oxybenzone MeSH Prohlížeč
• parabeny MeSH

Steroidal estrogens are one of the most challenging classes of hazardous contaminants as they can cause adverse effects to biota in extremely low concentrations. They emerge in both waste waters and surface waters serving as a source of drinking water. Environmental Quality Standards for 17β-estradiol (E2) and 17α-ethinylestradiol (EE2), promulgated within the EU Water Framework Directive, are 0.4 and 0.035 ng L(-1), respectively. Because nanoscale zero-valent iron (nZVI) particles have been previously used in numerous remediation technologies and have the advantage of possible magnetic separation, interaction of nZVI with E2 and EE2 in water was investigated to assess the potential role of nZVI in removing steroidal estrogens. A mixture of E2 and EE2 dissolved in water was shaken with varying doses of nZVI for 1-5 h. Concentration-dependent removal of the estrogens was observed but removal did not increase significantly with time. Concentrations of the estrogens were determined by HPLC/MS/MS and a biodetection reporter gene assay. Sorption and nonspecific oxygen-mediated oxidation of estrogens were identified as the most probable removal mechanisms. Two independent experiments confirmed that significant decrease of estrogens concentration is achieved when at least 2 g L(-1) of nZVI is applied. The presented study provides insights into the mechanisms of nZVI interaction with steroidal estrogens under aerobic conditions prevailing in currently applied water treatment technologies.

• Klíčová slova
• Chemical composition, Estrogens, Sorption, Total estrogenic activity, Zero-valent iron nanoparticles,
• MeSH
• chemické látky znečišťující vodu chemie   MeSH
• čištění vody MeSH
• estradiol chemie   MeSH
• estrogeny chemie   MeSH
• ethinylestradiol chemie   MeSH
• nanočástice chemie   MeSH
• tandemová hmotnostní spektrometrie MeSH
• železo chemie   MeSH
• Publikační typ
• časopisecké články MeSH
• práce podpořená grantem MeSH
• Názvy látek
• chemické látky znečišťující vodu MeSH
• estradiol MeSH
• estrogeny MeSH
• ethinylestradiol MeSH
• železo MeSH

This review provides a brief survey of the biological effects of selected endocrine-disrupting compounds that are formed after internal exposure of organisms. Further, the present analytical methods available for the determination of these compounds in foodstuffs are critically evaluated. The attention is primarily devoted to the methods for sample pretreatment, which are the main source of errors and are usually the most time-consuming step of the whole analysis. This review is focused on selected natural and synthetic estrogens, estrogen conjugates, and chemical additives used in the plastic industry that can act as estrogen mimics.

• Klíčová slova
• Endocrine-disrupting compounds, Food analysis, Instrumental methods,
• MeSH
• analýza potravin * MeSH
• endokrinní disruptory analýza   MeSH
• estrogeny analýza   MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• plastické hmoty chemie   MeSH
• zvířata MeSH
• Check Tag
• lidé MeSH
• zvířata MeSH
• Publikační typ
• časopisecké články MeSH
• práce podpořená grantem MeSH
• přehledy MeSH
• Názvy látek
• endokrinní disruptory MeSH
• estrogeny MeSH
• plastické hmoty MeSH

• Klíčová slova
• ESTROGENS *, LIPID METABOLISM *,
• MeSH
• estrogeny * MeSH
• kongenery estradiolu * MeSH
• kontraceptiva ženská * MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• metabolismus lipidů * MeSH
• Check Tag
• lidé MeSH
• ženské pohlaví MeSH
• Publikační typ
• časopisecké články MeSH
• Názvy látek
• estrogeny * MeSH
• kongenery estradiolu * MeSH
• kontraceptiva ženská * MeSH

Estrogenic hormones, progesterone and testosterone are endocrine-disrupting chemicals and their presence in aquatic environments represents a potentially adverse environmental and public health impact. There is a considerable amount of information about removal of estrogens, progesterone and testosterone in conventional wastewater treatment plants, namely activated sludge systems. However, the information about removal of these compounds in constructed wetlands is very limited. Three constructed wetlands with horizontal subsurface flow in the Czech Republic have been selected to evaluate removal of estrogens (estrone, estriol, 17β-estradiol, 17α-ethinylestradiol), testosterone and progesterone. Monitored constructed wetlands for 100, 150 and 200 PE have been in operation for more than 10 years and all systems exhibit very high treatment efficiency for organics and suspended solids. The results indicate that removal of all estrogens, progesterone and testosterone was high and only estrone was found in the outflow from one constructed wetland in concentrations above the limit of quantification 1 ng l(-1). The limits of quantification for other estrogens, i.e., 10 ng l(-1) for estriol, 1 ng l(-1) for 17β-estradiol and 2 ng l(-1) for 17α-ethinylestradiol were not exceeded in the outflow of all monitored constructed wetlands. Also, for progesterone and testosterone, all outflow concentrations were below the LOQ of 0.5 ng l(-1). The results indicated that constructed wetlands with horizontal subsurface flow are a promising technology for elimination of estrogens, progesterone and testosterone from municipal sewage but more information is needed to confirm this finding.

• Klíčová slova
• Biodegradation, Constructed wetlands, Estrogens, Hormones, Sewage,
• MeSH
• chemické látky znečišťující vodu analýza   MeSH
• endokrinní disruptory analýza   MeSH
• estrogeny analýza   MeSH
• mokřady * MeSH
• odpad tekutý - odstraňování metody   MeSH
• odpadní voda chemie   MeSH
• progesteron analýza   MeSH
• testosteron analýza   MeSH
• Publikační typ
• časopisecké články MeSH
• práce podpořená grantem MeSH
• Geografické názvy
• Česká republika MeSH
• Názvy látek
• chemické látky znečišťující vodu MeSH
• endokrinní disruptory MeSH
• estrogeny MeSH
• odpadní voda MeSH
• progesteron MeSH
• testosteron MeSH

BACKGROUND: Mammalian sperm must undergo a series of controlled molecular processes in the female reproductive tract called capacitation before they are capable of penetrating and fertilizing the egg. Capacitation, as a complex biological process, is influenced by many molecular factors, among which steroidal hormone estrogens play their role. Estrogens, present in a high concentration in the female reproductive tract are generally considered as primarily female hormones. However, there is increasing evidence of their important impact on male reproductive parameters. The purpose of this study is to investigate the effect of three natural estrogens such as estrone (E1), 17beta-estradiol (E2) and estriol (E3) as well as the synthetical one, 17 alpha-ethynylestradiol (EE2) on boar sperm capacitation in vitro. METHODS: Boar sperm were capacitated in vitro in presence of estrogens. Capacitation progress in control and experimental samples was analyzed by flow cytometry with the anti-acrosin monoclonal antibody (ACR.2) at selected times of incubation. Sperm samples were analyzed at 120 min of capacitation by CTC (chlortetracycline) assay, immunocytochemistry and flow cytometry with anti-acrosin ACR.2 antibody. Furthermore, sperm samples and capacitating media were analyzed by immunocytochemistry, ELISA with the ACR.2 antibody, and the acrosin activity assay after induced acrosomal reaction (AR). RESULTS: Estrogens stimulate sperm capacitation of boar sperm collected from different individuals. The stimulatory effect depends on capacitation time and is highly influenced by differences in the response to estrogens such as E2 by individual animals. Individual estrogens have relatively same effect on capacitation progress. In the boar samples with high estrogen responsiveness, estrogens stimulate the capacitation progress in a concentration-dependent manner. Furthermore, estrogens significantly increase the number of acrosome-reacted sperm after zona pellucida- induced acrosomal reaction. CONCLUSIONS: We demonstrate here the stimulatory effect of four different estrogens on boar sperm capacitation in vitro. According to our results, there is significant difference in the response to tested estrogens at different capacitation time and among individual animals. In animals with a high response to estrogens, there is a concentration-dependent stimulation of capacitation and individual estrogens have relatively the same effect. Effects of individual estrogens, differences in the response to them by individual animals, their time and concentration-dependent outcomes further contribute to our knowledge about steroidal action in sperm.

• MeSH
• časové faktory MeSH
• estradiol farmakologie   MeSH
• estrogeny farmakologie   MeSH
• fluorescence MeSH
• kapacitace spermií účinky léků   fyziologie   MeSH
• kultivované buňky MeSH
• počet spermií MeSH
• průtoková cytometrie MeSH
• Sus scrofa * fyziologie   MeSH
• zona pellucida účinky léků   metabolismus   MeSH
• zvířata MeSH
• Check Tag
• mužské pohlaví MeSH
• ženské pohlaví MeSH
• zvířata MeSH
• Publikační typ
• časopisecké články MeSH
• hodnotící studie MeSH
• práce podpořená grantem MeSH
• Názvy látek
• estradiol MeSH
• estrogeny MeSH

The approaches to the analysis for estrogen compounds as environmental pollutants are critically reviewed and evaluated on the basis of significant, recent original publications. The importance of sample pretreatment and analyte preconcentration techniques is pointed out, with an emphasis on SPE and on the use of highly selective interactions such as molecular recognition. The hyphenated systems of high-performance gas or liquid chromatography and mass spectrometric techniques are discussed as the basic methods of determination of estrogens in environmental samples. Immunochemical procedures are shown to be useful in semiquantitative screening of estrogen pollutants (e.g. ELISA kits). Classical HPLC and GC with common UV/Vis, fluorescence and electrochemical detection are useful in routine checking on higher pollutant concentrations.

• MeSH
• chromatografie MeSH
• elektrochemie MeSH
• estrogeny analýza   MeSH
• fluorescenční spektrometrie MeSH
• hmotnostní spektrometrie MeSH
• imunohistochemie MeSH
• látky znečišťující životní prostředí analýza   MeSH
• spektrofotometrie ultrafialová MeSH
• Publikační typ
• časopisecké články MeSH
• práce podpořená grantem MeSH
• přehledy MeSH
• Názvy látek
• estrogeny MeSH
• látky znečišťující životní prostředí MeSH

A wide range of estrogenic contaminants has been detected in the aquatic environment. Among these, natural and synthetic steroid estrogens, typically present in municipal sewage-treatment plant (STP) effluents, are the most potent. In this study a new GC-MS method has been developed for direct analysis of five major steroid estrogens (estrone, 17beta-estradiol, 17alpha-ethinylestradiol, dienestrol, and diethylstilbestrol) in river sediments. Four GC-MS systems used for analysis of underivatized analytes in purified extracts were compared. Relatively low detection limits (1.5-5 ng g(-1) dried sediment) and good repeatability of GC splitless injection (RSD 1-2%) were achieved by use of a system combining low-pressure gas chromatography with a single-quadrupole mass analyzer (LP-GC-MS). Use of orthogonal gas chromatography (GCxGC) hyphenated with high-speed time-of-flight mass spectrometry (HSTOF-MS) enabled not only significantly better resolution of target analytes, and their unequivocal identification, but also further improvement (decrease) of their detection limits. In addition to these outcomes, use of this unique GCxGC-TOF-MS system enabled identification of several other non-target chemicals, including pharmaceutical steroids, present in purified sediment extracts.

• MeSH
• časové faktory MeSH
• estrogeny analýza   chemie   MeSH
• geologické sedimenty chemie   MeSH
• molekulární struktura MeSH
• plynová chromatografie s hmotnostně spektrometrickou detekcí MeSH
• řeky * chemie   MeSH
• steroidy analýza   chemie   MeSH
• Publikační typ
• časopisecké články MeSH
• práce podpořená grantem MeSH
• Názvy látek
• estrogeny MeSH
• steroidy MeSH

Cystic fibrosis (CF) is the most common genetic disease in the Caucasion population. Thanks to the CFTR modulators therapy, life expectancy will significantly improve. New therapeutic challenges can be expected, including diseases associated with ageing and higher incidence of cancer, as evidenced by recent epidemiological studies. The increasing incidence of tumors includes also breast cancer. The risk of breast cancer is higher in CF patients compared to the general population. Sex hormones, especially estrogens, also affect on the pathophysiology and immunology of the CF. Previous research, has demonstrated unequivocal survival rates for female CF patients compared to their male counterparts. Is demonstrated, that chemotherapy used for breast cancer affects the CFTR channel and CFTR modulator therapy has frequent side effects on breast tissue. In this review, we focus on the effects of female sex hormones on CF disease, pathophysiological relationships between CF and breast cancer, and the impact of antitumor treatment on both, malignant disease and CF. The potential for further investigation is also discussed.

• Klíčová slova
• Anticancer treatment, Breast cancer, CFTR modulator therapy, Cystic fibrosis, Estrogens,
• MeSH
• cystická fibróza * farmakoterapie   genetika   MeSH
• estrogeny terapeutické užití   MeSH
• incidence MeSH
• karcinogeneze MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• mutace MeSH
• nádory prsu * farmakoterapie   komplikace   MeSH
• pohlavní steroidní hormony terapeutické užití   MeSH
• prognóza MeSH
• protein CFTR genetika   MeSH
• Check Tag
• lidé MeSH
• mužské pohlaví MeSH
• ženské pohlaví MeSH
• Publikační typ
• časopisecké články MeSH
• práce podpořená grantem MeSH
• přehledy MeSH
• Názvy látek
• estrogeny MeSH
• pohlavní steroidní hormony MeSH
• protein CFTR MeSH

In this study, a novel liquid chromatography - tandem mass spectrometry method for the simultaneous determination of bisphenols (BPA, BPS, BPF, BPAF), parabens (methyl-, ethyl-, propyl-, butyl-, benzyl-paraben) and estrogens (estrone, estradiol, estriol) in human plasma is presented. Since all analytes possess the phenolic group, dansyl chloride derivatization was applied in order to gain high sensitivity. The method was validated according to FDA guidelines, and all validation requirements were satisfactory. The lower limits of quantifications were 41.6, 54.9, 43.5 and 150.8pg/mL for BPA, BPS, BPF and BPAF; 172, 149, 171, 134 and 202pg/mL for methyl-, ethyl-, propyl-, butyl- and benzyl-paraben; 10.5, 6.7 and 9.4pg/mL for estrone, estradiol and estriol, respectively. This is the first method allowing the determination of plasma bisphenols, parabens and estrogens in one run, and also the first determination of BPF levels in human plasma. The method was used to examine the plasma levels of healthy normospermic men, where three times higher plasma levels of BPF than BPA were found.

• Klíčová slova
• Alternative bisphenol, Bisphenol A, Bisphenol F, Endocrine disruptor, LC-MS/MS, Paraben,
• MeSH
• biochemická analýza krve metody   MeSH
• chromatografie kapalinová MeSH
• estrogeny krev   MeSH
• fenoly krev   MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• limita detekce MeSH
• parabeny analýza   MeSH
• tandemová hmotnostní spektrometrie MeSH
• Check Tag
• lidé MeSH
• Publikační typ
• časopisecké články MeSH
• Názvy látek
• estrogeny MeSH
• fenoly MeSH
• parabeny MeSH