BACKGROUND: Advanced Life Support (ALS) during cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR) for out-of-hospital cardiac arrest (OHCA) is frequently administered by two-member crews. However, ALS CPR is mostly designed for larger crews, and the feasibility and efficacy of implementing ALS guidelines for only two rescuers remain unclear. OBJECTIVE: This scoping review aims to examine the existing evidence and identify knowledge gaps in the efficiency of pre-hospital ALS CPR performed by two-member teams. DESIGN: A comprehensive search was undertaken across the following databases: PubMed, Web of Science, SCOPUS, Cochrane Library Trials, and ClinicalTrials.gov. The search covered publications in English or German from January 1, 2005, to November 30, 2023. The review included studies that focused on ALS CPR procedures carried out by two-member teams in adult patients in either simulated or clinical settings. RESULTS: A total of 22 articles were included in the qualitative synthesis. Seven topics in two-person prehospital ALS/CPR delivery were identified: 1) effect of team configuration on clinical outcome and CPR quality, 2) early airway management and ventilation techniques, 3) mechanical chest compressions, 4) prefilled syringes, 5) additional equipment, 6) adaptation of recommended ALS/CPR protocols, and 7) human factors. CONCLUSION: There is a lack of comprehensive data regarding the adaptation of the recommended ALS algorithm in CPR for two-member crews. Although simulation studies indicate potential benefits arising from the employment of mechanical chest compression devices, prefilled syringes, and automation-assisted protocols, the current evidence is too limited to support specific modifications to existing guidelines.

• Klíčová slova
• Advanced life support, Cardiopulmonary resuscitation, Crew size, Emergency medical service, Out-of-hospital cardiac arrest, Two-member team,
• Publikační typ
• časopisecké články MeSH
• scoping review MeSH

OBJECTIVES: To examine the associations of teacher and classmate support with school satisfaction in adolescents, and whether gender modifies these associations. METHODS: Data were used from the cross-sectional Health Behaviour in School-aged Children study collected in 2018 among Slovak 15-year-old adolescents (N = 931; 50.6% boys). School satisfaction was measured by school engagement and attitudes towards education leading to three groups of adolescents: satisfied, inconsistent and indifferent. We used multinomial logistic regression to examine the associations of teacher and classmate support with school satisfaction and its modification by gender. RESULTS: Adolescents who experienced support from teachers and classmates were less likely to feel indifferent (OR/95% CI: 0.77/0.70-0.85; and 0.76/0.67-0.85, respectively) or inconsistent (OR/95% CI: 0.84/0.77-0.92; and 0.73/0.65-0.81, respectively) than to feel satisfied than adolescents who did not experience such support. Adolescents who experienced support from teachers were less prone to feel indifferent than to feel inconsistent (OR/95% CI: 0.92/0.87-0.97). Gender did not modify the associations of social support with school satisfaction. CONCLUSION: Teacher and classmate support keep adolescents satisfied with school and education and might increase their chances for a healthy development.

• Klíčová slova
• Adolescence, Classmate support, School satisfaction, Teacher support,
• MeSH
• chování mladistvých psychologie   MeSH
• dítě MeSH
• dospělí MeSH
• interpersonální vztahy * MeSH
• lidé středního věku MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• mladiství MeSH
• osobní uspokojení * MeSH
• průřezové studie MeSH
• sexuální faktory MeSH
• školy statistika a číselné údaje   MeSH
• sociální opora * MeSH
• studenti psychologie   MeSH
• stupeň vzdělání * MeSH
• učitelé psychologie   MeSH
• Check Tag
• dítě MeSH
• dospělí MeSH
• lidé středního věku MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• mladiství MeSH
• mužské pohlaví MeSH
• ženské pohlaví MeSH
• Publikační typ
• časopisecké články MeSH
• srovnávací studie MeSH
• Geografické názvy
• Slovenská republika MeSH

• MeSH
• behaviorální terapie * MeSH
• dospělí MeSH
• koronární nemoc psychologie   terapie   MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• následné studie MeSH
• osobnost typu A * MeSH
• rizikové faktory MeSH
• životní styl * MeSH
• Check Tag
• dospělí MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• mužské pohlaví MeSH
• Publikační typ
• časopisecké články MeSH

This study aims to explore the associations of schoolmate and teacher support with emotional and behavioural problems (EBP) and whether schoolmate and teacher support affects the associations of adverse childhood experiences (ACE) and of EBP in adolescence. We obtained data from 5220 students aged from 11 to 15 (48.7% boys), who participated in the Health Behaviour in a School-aged Children study (2018, Slovakia). Using logistic regression adjusted for gender, age and family affluence we assessed the modification of the relations of ACE and EBP by schoolmate and teacher support. Schoolmate and teacher support decreased the probability of EBP (Odds Ratios, 95% confidence intervals: 0.76, 0.74|0.79; and 0.86, 0.83|0.89, respectively). However, we found no statistically significant interactions of schoolmate and teacher support regarding the association of ACE with EBP. Schoolmate and teacher support decreased the likelihood of EBP among adolescents but do not buffer the relation of any previous ACE with EBP.

• Klíčová slova
• adolescence, adverse childhood experiences, emotional and behavioural problems, schoolmate and teacher support,
• MeSH
• chování mladistvých * MeSH
• dítě MeSH
• emoce MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• mladiství MeSH
• nepříznivé zkušenosti z dětství * MeSH
• problémové chování * MeSH
• studenti MeSH
• Check Tag
• dítě MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• mladiství MeSH
• mužské pohlaví MeSH
• ženské pohlaví MeSH
• Publikační typ
• časopisecké články MeSH
• práce podpořená grantem MeSH

These guidelines of the European Resuscitation Council (ERC) Cardiac Arrest under Special Circumstances are based on the 2020 International Consensus on Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation Science with Treatment Recommendations. This section provides guidelines on the modifications required for basic and advanced life support for the prevention and treatment of cardiac arrest under special circumstances; in particular, specific causes (hypoxia, trauma, anaphylaxis, sepsis, hypo-/hyperkalaemia and other electrolyte disorders, hypothermia, avalanche, hyperthermia and malignant hyperthermia, pulmonary embolism, coronary thrombosis, cardiac tamponade, tension pneumothorax, toxic agents), specific settings (operating room, cardiac surgery, cardiac catheterization laboratory, dialysis unit, dental clinics, transportation [in-flight, cruise ships], sport, drowning, mass casualty incidents), and specific patient groups (asthma and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, neurological disease, morbid obesity, pregnancy).

UNLABELLED: Diese Leitlinien des European Resuscitation Council (ERC) für den Kreislaufstillstand unter besonderen Umständen basieren auf dem 2020 International Consensus on Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation Science with Treatment Recommendations. Dieses Kapitel enthält Leitlinien zu den Modifikationen der lebensrettenden Basismaßnahmen und erweiterten lebensrettenden Maßnahmen zur Vorbeugung und Behandlung von Kreislaufstillständen unter besonderen Umständen; insbesondere spezielle Ursachen (Hypoxie, Trauma, Anaphylaxie, Sepsis, Hypo‑/Hyperkaliämie und andere Elektrolytstörungen, Hypothermie, Lawinengeschehen, Hyperthermie und maligne Hyperthermie, Lungenembolie, Koronarthrombose, Herzbeuteltamponade, Spannungspneumothorax, Giftstoffe), spezielle Umstände (Operationssaal, Herzchirurgie, Herzkatheterlabor, Dialyseeinheit, Zahnkliniken, Transport während des Flugs, Kreuzfahrtschiffe, Sport, Ertrinken, Großschadensereignisse) und spezielle Patientengruppen (Asthma und chronisch obstruktive Lungenerkrankung, neurologische Erkrankungen, krankhafte Adipositas, Schwangerschaft). ZUSATZMATERIAL ONLINE: Die Online-Version dieses Beitrags (10.1007/s10049-021-00891-z) enthält das originale Zusatzmaterial aus dem Artikel in Resuscitation. Beitrag und Zusatzmaterial stehen Ihnen auf www.springermedizin.de zur Verfügung. Bitte geben Sie dort den Beitragstitel in die Suche ein, das Zusatzmaterial finden Sie beim Beitrag unter „Ergänzende Inhalte“.

• Klíčová slova
• Modifications of life support, Reversible causes, Special causes, Special patient groups, Special settings,
• Publikační typ
• anglický abstrakt MeSH
• časopisecké články MeSH
• přehledy MeSH

Recent findings that an analogue of clinically ineffective transplatin, trans-[PtCl2(E-iminoether)2], exhibits antitumor activity has helped reevaluation of the empirical structure-antitumor activity relationship generally accepted for platinum(II) complexes. According to this relationship, only the cis geometry of leaving ligands in the bifunctional platinum(II) complexes, should be therapeutically active. Global modifications of natural DNAs in cell-free media by trans-[PtCl2(E-iminoether)2] were studied through various molecular biophysical methods and compared with modifications by cis-[PtCl2(E-iminoether)2], transplatin, cisplatin, and monofunctional chlorodiethylenetriamineplatinum(II) chloride. Thus, the results of this study have extended our recent finding, indicating that the prevalent lesion occurring in double-helical DNA on its modification by trans-[PtCl2(E-iminoether)2] is a monofunctional adduct at guanine residues. The modification by trans-[PtCl2(E-iminoether)2] has been found to induce local distortions in DNA, which have a character differing fundamentally from those induced by both clinically ineffective or antitumor platinum complexes tested in this study. The different character of alterations induced in DNA by the adducts of trans-[PtCl2(E-iminoether)2] and transplatin has been suggested to be relevant to the unexpected observation that the new complex with leaving chloride groups in trans position exhibits antitumor efficacy. In addition, the results support the idea that platinum drugs that bind to DNA in a manner fundamentally different from that of cisplatin can exhibit altered biological properties, including differing spectra and intensities of antitumor activity.

• MeSH
• chemické jevy MeSH
• cisplatina farmakologie   MeSH
• DNA chemie   účinky léků   metabolismus   MeSH
• fyzikální chemie MeSH
• genetická transkripce účinky léků   MeSH
• konformace nukleové kyseliny účinky léků   MeSH
• organokovové sloučeniny farmakologie   MeSH
• protinádorové látky farmakologie   MeSH
• skot MeSH
• stabilita léku MeSH
• stereoizomerie MeSH
• substrátová specifita MeSH
• superhelikální DNA účinky léků   metabolismus   MeSH
• zvířata MeSH
• Check Tag
• skot MeSH
• zvířata MeSH
• Publikační typ
• časopisecké články MeSH
• práce podpořená grantem MeSH
• srovnávací studie MeSH
• Názvy látek
• cisplatina MeSH
• dichloroplatinum(E-iminoether)2 MeSH Prohlížeč
• DNA MeSH
• organokovové sloučeniny MeSH
• protinádorové látky MeSH
• superhelikální DNA MeSH
• transplatin MeSH Prohlížeč

BACKGROUND: Prostate-specific membrane antigen (PSMA) is an established target for the imaging and treatment of prostate cancer. This study focused on the preclinical evaluation of three novel PSMA inhibitors-P15, P16, and P19-which were structurally modified compared to the clinically used PSMA-617. Two main strategies were pursued: a chemical approach following the so-called reversed synthetic strategy, and the replacement of the naphthyl-based linker moiety with an analogous diphenyl-based moiety. The aim was to assess the impact of these modifications on physicochemical properties, in vitro behaviour, and in vivo pharmacokinetics following radiolabelling with ⁶⁸Ga. RESULTS: Radiolabelling of all three novel compounds with ⁶⁸Ga resulted in high radiochemical purity above 98% under physiological pH conditions and above 97% during stability testing in human plasma. All compounds exhibited hydrophilic characteristics based on partition coefficient measurements. Notable differences were observed in plasma protein binding, with P15 and P16 showing significantly lower binding compared to PSMA-617 and P19. In vitro assays using LNCaP prostate cancer cells demonstrated similar cellular uptake and internalization across all tested compounds. In vivo evaluation using Positron Emission Tomography/Computed Tomography (PET/CT) imaging in LNCaP tumour-bearing mice confirmed the tumour-targeting ability of all three inhibitors. These findings were further supported by biodistribution studies, which highlighted efficient and specific accumulation in tumour tissue. Among the tested compounds, P19 demonstrated the most promising overall profile in terms of stability, binding characteristics, and tumour uptake. CONCLUSIONS: The stereochemical modifications in the linker region significantly influenced the in vitro and in vivo behaviour of the PSMA inhibitors. Despite similar cellular uptake, differences in plasma protein binding and pharmacokinetics were evident. Among the three novel compounds, P19 emerged as a particularly promising candidate for further investigation, also indicating that the diphenyl moiety might serve as a favourable linker building block in analogy to the naphthyl moiety. Our observations suggest potential not only for diagnostic imaging with ⁶⁸Ga, but also for therapeutic applications using 177Lu, which offers a longer half-life suitable for delayed imaging and treatment intervals in prostate cancer management.

• Klíčová slova
• PSMA, Preclicnical PET/CT, Prostate cancer, Radiopharmaceuticals, Theranostics,
• Publikační typ
• časopisecké články MeSH

OBJECTIVE: The aim of the study was to investigate the effectiveness and feasibility of conducting a complementary 8-week comprehensive lifestyle modification program (CLMP) compared to standard care in patients with bronchial asthma over a 6-month period. METHODS: This was a randomized controlled pilot trial with two groups: intervention (N = 15) group and attention-placebo control (N = 14) group. The intervention group received an 8-week CLMP in addition to standard care. Quality of life, asthma control, lung function, reduction of rescue medication, perceived stress, and psychosocial and spiritual status were measured at the end of the intervention and at the 4-month follow-up. RESULTS: In the intervention group, there was a statistically significant difference in the improvements of quality of life, asthma control, lung function, and the reduction of rescue medication intake at both the end of the intervention and at the 4-month follow-up, with no change being observed in the control group. Significant stress reduction and greater psychosocial and spiritual well-being were observed during the 8-week CLMP in the intervention group. At the end of the intervention, the measures of stress and psychological and spiritual well-being reached statistical significance. CONCLUSIONS: Preliminary findings suggest that adding a CLMP to standard care in patients with bronchial asthma offers greater clinical benefit than standard care alone and also suggest that conducting a large randomized clinical trial is feasible.

• MeSH
• antiastmatika aplikace a dávkování   MeSH
• behaviorální terapie metody   MeSH
• bronchiální astma farmakoterapie   patofyziologie   psychologie   terapie   MeSH
• kvalita života MeSH
• lidé středního věku MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• neparametrická statistika MeSH
• pilotní projekty MeSH
• respirační funkční testy MeSH
• životní styl MeSH
• Check Tag
• lidé středního věku MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• mužské pohlaví MeSH
• ženské pohlaví MeSH
• Publikační typ
• časopisecké články MeSH
• práce podpořená grantem MeSH
• randomizované kontrolované studie MeSH
• srovnávací studie MeSH
• Názvy látek
• antiastmatika MeSH

Detection of grapes in real-life images is a serious task solved by researchers dealing with precision viticulture. In the case of white wine varieties, grape detectors based on SVMs classifiers, in combination with a HOG descriptor, have proven to be very efficient. Simplified versions of the detectors seem to be the best solution for practical applications. They offer the best known performance versus time-complexity ratio. As our research showed, a conversion of RGB images to grayscale format, which is implemented at an image preprocessing level, is ideal means for further improvement of performance of the detectors. In order to enhance the ratio, we explored relevance of the conversion in a context of a detector potential sensitivity to a rotation of berries. For this purpose, we proposed a modification of the conversion, and we designed an appropriate method for a tuning of such modified detectors. To evaluate the effect of the new parameter space on their performance, we developed a specialized visualization method. In order to provide accurate results, we formed new datasets for both tuning and evaluation of the detectors. Our effort resulted in a robust grape detector which is less sensitive to image distortion.

• MeSH
• rotace MeSH
• support vector machine * MeSH
• víno analýza   MeSH
• Vitis * MeSH
• Publikační typ
• časopisecké články MeSH

This article deals with the use of photovoltaic panels at the end of their life cycle in cement composites. Attention is focused on the properties of cement composite after 100% replacement of natural aggregate with recycled glass from photovoltaic panels. This goal of replacing natural filler sources with recycled glass is based on the updated policy of the Czech Republic concerning secondary raw materials for the period of 2019-2022, which aims to increase the self-sufficiency of the Czech Republic in raw materials by replacing primary sources with secondary raw materials. The policy also promotes the use of secondary raw materials as a tool to reduce the material and energy demands of industrial production and supports the innovations and development of a circular economy within business. The research has shown that it is possible to prepare cement composite based on recycled glass from solar panels, with compressive and flexural strength after 28 days exceeding 40 MPa and 4 MPa. Furthermore, a possible modification of the cement composite with different pigments has been confirmed, without disrupting the contact zone.

• Klíčová slova
• cement, cement composite, photovoltaic glass, raw material policy, recycling,
• Publikační typ
• časopisecké články MeSH