autonomous systems Dotaz Zobrazit nápovědu
The paper introduces a structured approach to transforming healthcare towards personalized, preventive, predictive, participative precision (P5) medicine and the related organizational, methodological and technological requirements. Thereby, the deployment of autonomous systems and artificial intelligence is inevitably. The paper discusses opportunities and challenges of those technologies from a humanistic and ethical perspective. It shortly introduces the essential concepts and principles, and critically discusses some relevant projects. Finally, it offers ways for correctly representing, specifying, implementing and deploying autonomous and intelligent systems under an ethical perspective.
- Klíčová slova
- P5 medicine, artificial intelligence, autonomous systems, ethical principles, pHealth,
- MeSH
- lékařství * MeSH
- mravy MeSH
- poskytování zdravotní péče MeSH
- umělá inteligence * MeSH
- Publikační typ
- časopisecké články MeSH
For meeting the challenge of aging, multi-diseased societies, cost containment, workforce development and consumerism by improved care quality and patient safety as well as more effective and efficient care processes, health and social care systems around the globe undergo an organizational, methodological and technological transformation towards personalized, preventive, predictive, participative precision medicine (P5 medicine). This paper addresses chances, challenges and risks of specific disruptive methodologies and technologies for the transformation of health and social care systems, especially focusing on the deployment of intelligent and autonomous systems.
- Klíčová slova
- Artificial intelligence, Autonomous systems, Ethics, Healthcare transformation, Knowledge management, Knowledge representation, Learning, pHealth,
- MeSH
- individualizovaná medicína * MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- umělá inteligence * MeSH
- Check Tag
- lidé MeSH
- Publikační typ
- časopisecké články MeSH
Automated systems have been seamlessly integrated into several industries as part of their industrial automation processes. Employing automated systems, such as autonomous vehicles, allows industries to increase productivity, benefit from a wide range of technologies and capabilities, and improve workplace safety. So far, most of the existing systems consider utilizing one type of autonomous vehicle. In this work, we propose a collaboration of different types of unmanned vehicles in maritime offshore scenarios. Providing high capacity, extended coverage, and better quality of services, autonomous collaborative systems can enable emerging maritime use cases, such as remote monitoring and navigation assistance. Motivated by these potential benefits, we propose the deployment of an Unmanned Surface Vehicle (USV) and an Unmanned Aerial Vehicle (UAV) in an autonomous collaborative communication system. Specifically, we design high-speed, directional communication links between a terrestrial control station and the two unmanned vehicles. Using measurement and simulation results, we evaluate the performance of the designed links in different communication scenarios and we show the benefits of employing multiple autonomous vehicles in the proposed communication system.
- Klíčová slova
- UAV, USV, autonomous vehicles, collaborative communication system, directional wireless links, maritime use cases, prototype design,
- Publikační typ
- časopisecké články MeSH
One of the most fundamental, although controversial, questions related to the evolution of plant mating systems is the distribution of outcrossing rates. Self-compatibility, and especially autonomous self-pollination, can become particularly beneficial in anthropogenically degraded habitats with impoverished pollinator assemblages and increased pollen limitation. In a hand-pollination experiment with 46 meadow plants from the Železné hory Mts., Czech Republic, we evaluated the species' ability to adopt different mating systems. For a subset of the species, we also tested seed germination for inbreeding depression. Subsequently, we analysed relationships between the species' mating systems and 12 floral and life-history traits. We found a relatively discrete distribution of the studied species into four groups. Fully and partially self-incompatible species formed the largest group, followed by self-compatible non-selfers and mixed mating species. The germination experiment showed an absence of inbreeding depression in 19 out of 22 examined species. Nectar sugar per flower, nectar sugar per shoot and dichogamy were significant associated with the mating system. Spontaneous selfing ability and self-incompatibility in species of the meadow communities had a discrete distribution, conforming to the general distribution of mating and breeding systems in angiosperms. The low frequency of spontaneous selfers and the lack of inbreeding depression at germination suggest the existence of a selection against selfing at the later ontogenetic stages. Some floral traits, such as the level of dichogamy and amount of nectar reward, may strongly impact the balance between selfing and outcrossing rates in the self-compatible species and thus shape the evolution of mating systems.
- Klíčová slova
- Autonomous selfing, floral traits, hand-pollination, inbreeding depression, meadows, self-compatibility,
- MeSH
- fyziologie rostlin * MeSH
- květy MeSH
- opylení * MeSH
- pastviny * MeSH
- rozmnožování fyziologie MeSH
- Publikační typ
- časopisecké články MeSH
- MeSH
- autonomní nervový systém účinky léků MeSH
- diazepam farmakologie MeSH
- guaifenesin farmakologie MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- meprobamát farmakologie MeSH
- Check Tag
- lidé MeSH
- Publikační typ
- časopisecké články MeSH
- Názvy látek
- diazepam MeSH
- guaifenesin MeSH
- meprobamát MeSH
Wind energy plays a crucial role as a renewable source for electricity generation, especially in remote or isolated regions without access to the main power grid. The intermittent characteristics of wind energy make it essential to incorporate energy storage solutions to guarantee a consistent power supply. This study introduces the design, modeling, and control mechanisms of a self-sufficient wind energy conversion system (WECS) that utilizes a Permanent magnet synchronous generator (PMSG) in conjunction with a Water pumping storage station (WPS). The system employs Optimal torque control (OTC) to maximize power extraction from the wind turbine, achieving a peak power coefficient (Cp) of 0.43. A vector control strategy is applied to the PMSG, maintaining the DC bus voltage at a regulated 465 V for stable system operation. The integrated WPS operates in both motor and generator modes, depending on the excess or shortfall of generated wind energy relative to load demand. In generator mode, the WPS supplements power when wind speeds are insufficient, while in motor mode, it stores excess energy by pumping water to an upper reservoir. Simulation results, conducted in MATLAB/Simulink, show that the system efficiently tracks maximum power points and regulates key parameters. For instance, the PMSG successfully maintains the reference quadrature current, achieving optimal torque and power output. The system's response under varying wind speeds, with an average wind speed of 8 m/s, demonstrates that the generator speed closely follows turbine speed without a gearbox, leading to efficient power conversion. The results confirm the flexibility and robustness of the control strategies, ensuring continuous power delivery to the load. This makes the system a feasible solution for isolated, off-grid applications, contributing to advancements in renewable energy technologies and autonomous power generation systems.
- MeSH
- autonomní nervový systém fyziologie MeSH
- draslík krev MeSH
- elektrokardiografie MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- srdeční frekvence MeSH
- vápník krev MeSH
- Check Tag
- lidé MeSH
- mužské pohlaví MeSH
- ženské pohlaví MeSH
- Publikační typ
- časopisecké články MeSH
- Názvy látek
- draslík MeSH
- vápník MeSH
The article discusses an autonomous and flexible robotic system for radiation monitoring. The detection part of the system comprises two NaI(Tl) scintillation detectors: one of these is collimated to allow directionally sensitive measurements and the other is used to calculate the dose rate and provides sufficient sensitivity. Special algorithms for autonomous operation of an unmanned ground vehicle were developed, utilizing radiation characteristics acquired by the implemented detection system. The system was designed to operate in three modes: radiation mapping, localization of discrete sources and inspection of a region of interest. All of the modes were verified experimentally. In the localization mode, the time required to localize ionizing radiation sources was reduced by half compared to the field mapping mode exploiting parallel trajectories; the localization accuracy remained the same. In the inspection mode, the desired functionality was achieved, and the changes in the sources arrangement were detected reliably in the experiments.
- MeSH
- algoritmy * MeSH
- ionizující záření * MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- monitorování radiace přístrojové vybavení MeSH
- robotika metody MeSH
- scintilace - počítání přístrojové vybavení MeSH
- Check Tag
- lidé MeSH
- Publikační typ
- časopisecké články MeSH
Affection of the vegetative nervous system is a relatively frequent and often serious complication of diabetes. The aetiopathogenesis of diabetic autonomous neuropathy has not been reliably explained so far, most probably metabolic changes are involved resulting from prolonged hyperglycaemia. A part played by other e.g. congenital factors cannot be ruled out. Autonomous neuropathy can influence the function of the cardiovascular, digestive, urogenital and other systems and cause difficult diagnostic and therapeutic problems. Examinations should comprise also simple tests of cardiovascular reflexes. Preventive effects can be expected also from long-term optimal metabolic compensation of patients; some recently tested preparations interfere with pathobiochemical mechanisms. At the same time opportunities of symptomatic therapy are markedly extended at present.
- MeSH
- diabetické neuropatie * diagnóza patofyziologie MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- nemoci autonomního nervového systému diagnóza etiologie patofyziologie MeSH
- Check Tag
- lidé MeSH
- Publikační typ
- anglický abstrakt MeSH
- časopisecké články MeSH
In temperate regions, the shortening day length informs many insect species to prepare for winter by inducing diapause. The adult diapause of the linden bug, Pyrrhocoris apterus, involves a reproductive arrest accompanied by energy storage, reduction of metabolic needs, and preparation to withstand low temperatures. By contrast, nondiapause animals direct nutrient energy to muscle activity and reproduction. The photoperiod-dependent switch from diapause to reproduction is systemically transmitted throughout the organism by juvenile hormone (JH). Here, we show that, at the organ-autonomous level of the insect gut, the decision between reproduction and diapause relies on an interaction between JH signaling and circadian clock genes acting independently of the daily cycle. The JH receptor Methoprene-tolerant and the circadian proteins Clock and Cycle are all required in the gut to activate the Par domain protein 1 gene during reproduction and to simultaneously suppress a mammalian-type cryptochrome 2 gene that promotes the diapause program. A nonperiodic, organ-autonomous feedback between Par domain protein 1 and Cryptochrome 2 then orchestrates expression of downstream genes that mark the diapause vs. reproductive states of the gut. These results show that hormonal signaling through Methoprene-tolerant and circadian proteins controls gut-specific gene activity that is independent of circadian oscillations but differs between reproductive and diapausing animals.
- MeSH
- cirkadiánní hodiny fyziologie MeSH
- fotoperioda MeSH
- Heteroptera genetika metabolismus MeSH
- hmyzí geny fyziologie MeSH
- hmyzí proteiny biosyntéza genetika MeSH
- kryptochromy biosyntéza genetika MeSH
- methopren metabolismus MeSH
- signální transdukce fyziologie MeSH
- střevní sliznice metabolismus MeSH
- transkripční faktory biosyntéza genetika MeSH
- zvířata MeSH
- Check Tag
- zvířata MeSH
- Publikační typ
- časopisecké články MeSH
- práce podpořená grantem MeSH
- Názvy látek
- hmyzí proteiny MeSH
- kryptochromy MeSH
- methopren MeSH
- transkripční faktory MeSH
