Animals exhibit a diversity of movement tactics [1]. Tracking resources that change across space and time is predicted to be a fundamental driver of animal movement [2]. For example, some migratory ungulates (i.e., hooved mammals) closely track the progression of highly nutritious plant green-up, a phenomenon called "green-wave surfing" [3-5]. Yet general principles describing how the dynamic nature of resources determine movement tactics are lacking [6]. We tested an emerging theory that predicts surfing and the existence of migratory behavior will be favored in environments where green-up is fleeting and moves sequentially across large landscapes (i.e., wave-like green-up) [7]. Landscapes exhibiting wave-like patterns of green-up facilitated surfing and explained the existence of migratory behavior across 61 populations of four ungulate species on two continents (n = 1,696 individuals). At the species level, foraging benefits were equivalent between tactics, suggesting that each movement tactic is fine-tuned to local patterns of plant phenology. For decades, ecologists have sought to understand how animals move to select habitat, commonly defining habitat as a set of static patches [8, 9]. Our findings indicate that animal movement tactics emerge as a function of the flux of resources across space and time, underscoring the need to redefine habitat to include its dynamic attributes. As global habitats continue to be modified by anthropogenic disturbance and climate change [10], our synthesis provides a generalizable framework to understand how animal movement will be influenced by altered patterns of resource phenology.

• Klíčová slova
• Capreolus capreolus, Cervus canadensis, Cervus elaphus, Odocoileus hemionus, green wave, migration, residency, resource landscape, resource tracking,
• MeSH
• býložravci MeSH
• ekosystém * MeSH
• fyziologie rostlin * MeSH
• geografické informační systémy MeSH
• klimatické změny * MeSH
• migrace zvířat fyziologie   MeSH
• rostliny metabolismus   MeSH
• vysoká zvěř fyziologie   MeSH
• vývoj rostlin * MeSH
• zvířata MeSH
• Check Tag
• zvířata MeSH
• Publikační typ
• časopisecké články MeSH
• práce podpořená grantem MeSH
• Research Support, U.S. Gov't, Non-P.H.S. MeSH

The pungency of chili peppers, the most popular hot spice used worldwide, is caused by capsaicinoids (CPDs), the content of which can vary greatly due to varietal differences and growing conditions. For the first time, a novel simple method for the fast determination of CPDs in chili peppers and chili products was developed based on adsorptive transfer cyclic square-wave voltammetry (AdTCSWV), using adsorption of lipophilic CPDs on an unmodified glassy carbon electrode surface from methanolic extracts of chili pepper samples. The CSWV is based on short oxidation of adsorbed CPDs to quinoid products, and their subsequent reduction and re-oxidation to provide specific analytical signals with a linear range from 0.05 to 1.00 mg L-1. This principle was also implemented in tandem coulometric and amperometric detection of CPDs after HPLC separation. The two-step electrochemical detection provides increased selectivity for CPDs in case of CPDs co-elution with other electrochemically oxidizable components that cannot be reversibly reduced.

• Klíčová slova
• Adsorptive transfer cyclic square-wave voltammetry, Capsaicinoids, Chili peppers, HPLC with tandem electrochemical detection,
• MeSH
• adsorpce MeSH
• Capsicum * chemie   MeSH
• elektrochemické techniky * metody   MeSH
• elektrody MeSH
• kapsaicin * analýza   chemie   MeSH
• limita detekce MeSH
• vysokoúčinná kapalinová chromatografie metody   MeSH
• Publikační typ
• časopisecké články MeSH
• Názvy látek
• kapsaicin * MeSH

The aim of this study to investigate the relationship between information technology capabilities (ITCs) and green product innovation (GPI). The information technology (IT) capabilities with multiple dimensions, such as IT competence, IT integration, and IT infrastructure, were used in this paper. Moreover, to verify the deep relationship between ITCs and GPI, we used knowledge management (KM) as a mediator. The data were collected through a questionnaire from the senior managers, middle-level managers, and operational staff associated with the small- and medium-sized production industry of Pakistan. We collect data in two waves between January 2022 and July 2022. The data were analyzed through the partial least square structural equation modeling through SmartPLS 3.2.2. The findings of this study conclude. First, in the direct relationship, two IT capabilities, such as IT competence and IT infrastructure, have a positive and significant direct relationship with green product innovation, but IT integration has an insignificant relationship with green product innovation. Second, the results show that three IT capabilities have positively influenced knowledge management. Third, the results confirm that KM has a significant positive effect on GPI. Finally, the outcomes confirmed that knowledge management positively and significantly mediates between all IT capabilities and GPI in the indirect relationship.

• Klíčová slova
• Green product innovation, Information technology capabilities, Knowledge management, Technological competence, Technological infrastructure,
• MeSH
• informační technologie * MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• management znalostí * MeSH
• průmysl MeSH
• Check Tag
• lidé MeSH
• Publikační typ
• časopisecké články MeSH
• Geografické názvy
• Pákistán MeSH

Aqueous solutions of ionic liquids (ILs) with surface active properties were used as extraction solvents, taking advantage of their impressive solvation properties, in a green microwave-assisted solid-liquid extraction method (IL-MA-SLE) for the extraction of flavonoids from passion fruit and mango leaves. The extraction method was combined with high-performance liquid chromatography and photodiode-array detection (HPLC-PDA) and optimized by response surface methodology using the Box-Behnken experimental design. Under optimum conditions, the extraction efficiency of six structurally different IL-based surfactants was evaluated. Thus, imidazolium-, guanidinium- and pyridinium-type ILs with different tailorable characteristics, such as side chain length and multicationic core, were assessed. The decylguanidinium chloride ([C10Gu+][Cl-]) IL-based surfactant was selected as key material given its superior performance and its low cytotoxicity, for the determination of flavonoids of several samples of Passiflora sp. and Mangifera sp. leaves from the Canary Islands, and using as target analytes: rutin, quercetin and apigenin. The analysis of 50 mg of plant material only required 525 µL of the low cytotoxic IL-based surfactant solution at 930 mM, 10.5 min of microwave irradiation at 30 °C and 50 W, which involves a simpler, faster, more efficient and greener method in comparison with other strategies reported in the literature for obtaining bioactive compounds profiles from plants.

• Klíčová slova
• bioactive compounds, flavonoids, green extraction, ionic liquid-based surfactant, mango, microwave-assisted extraction, passion fruit, plant by-products,
• MeSH
• flavonoidy chemie   izolace a purifikace   MeSH
• iontové kapaliny chemie   MeSH
• listy rostlin chemie   MeSH
• Mangifera chemie   MeSH
• mikrovlny MeSH
• Passiflora chemie   MeSH
• povrchově aktivní látky chemie   MeSH
• rostlinné extrakty chemie   MeSH
• rozpouštědla chemie   MeSH
• rutin chemie   MeSH
• Publikační typ
• časopisecké články MeSH
• Názvy látek
• flavonoidy MeSH
• iontové kapaliny MeSH
• povrchově aktivní látky MeSH
• rostlinné extrakty MeSH
• rozpouštědla MeSH
• rutin MeSH

The objective of this study was to investigate the response of Na(+)/K(+)-ATPase of human erythrocytes to green laser irradiation. Effects of green laser light of fluences 9.5-63.3 J.cm(-2) and merocyanine 540-mediated laser light treatment were studied. Isolated erythrocyte membranes (protein concentration of 1 mg/ml) were irradiated by Nd:YAG laser (532 nm, 30 mW) and then incubated in a medium with 2 mM ATP for 30 min. Activity of ATPase was determined colorimetrically by measuring the colored reaction product of liberated inorganic phosphate and malachite green at 640 nm. Contribution of Na(+)/K(+)-ATPase to overall phosphate production was determined using ouabain. A positive effect of green laser light on Na(+)/K(+)-ATPase activity was observed. The dependence of enzymatically liberated inorganic phosphate on light fluence showed a linear correlation (R(2)=0.96, P=0.0005) for all fluences applied (9.5-63.3 J.cm(-2)). On the other hand, MC 540-mediated phototreatment caused a suppression of enzyme activity.

• MeSH
• barva MeSH
• erytrocyty účinky záření   MeSH
• fluorescenční barviva MeSH
• laserová terapie s nízkou intenzitou světla MeSH
• lasery * MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• pyrimidinony MeSH
• sodíko-draslíková ATPasa účinky záření   MeSH
• Check Tag
• lidé MeSH
• Publikační typ
• časopisecké články MeSH
• práce podpořená grantem MeSH
• Názvy látek
• fluorescenční barviva MeSH
• merocyanine dye MeSH Prohlížeč
• pyrimidinony MeSH
• sodíko-draslíková ATPasa MeSH

A Green's function solution is derived for calculating the acoustic field generated by phased array transducers of arbitrary shape when driven by a single frequency continuous wave excitation with spatially varying amplitude and phase. The solution is based on the Green's function for the homogeneous wave equation expressed in the spatial frequency domain or k-space. The temporal convolution integral is solved analytically, and the remaining integrals are expressed in the form of the spatial Fourier transform. This allows the acoustic pressure for all spatial positions to be calculated in a single step using two fast Fourier transforms. The model is demonstrated through several numerical examples, including single element rectangular and spherically focused bowl transducers, and multi-element linear and hemispherical arrays.

• Publikační typ
• časopisecké články MeSH
• práce podpořená grantem MeSH

In the past decade, alternative benign organic methodologies have become an imperative part of organic syntheses and chemical reactions. The various new and innovative sustainable organic reactions and methodologies using no solvents or catalysts and employing alternative energy inputs such as microwaves, sonication, conventional and room temperature heating conditions, mechanochemical mixing, and high-speed ball milling are discussed in detail. Environmentally benign and pharmaceutically important reactions such as multicomponent, condensation, and Michael addition reactions; ring opening of epoxides; and oxidation and other significant organic reactions are discussed. An overview of benign reactions through solvent- and catalyst-free (SF-CF) chemistry and a critical perspective on emerging synergies between SF-CF organic reactions are discussed.

• MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• mikrovlny MeSH
• technologie zelené chemie metody   MeSH
• ultrazvukové vlny MeSH
• vysoká teplota MeSH
• Check Tag
• lidé MeSH
• Publikační typ
• časopisecké články MeSH
• práce podpořená grantem MeSH
• přehledy MeSH

A new sensitive capillary electrophoretic method with laser-induced fluorescence (LIF) was developed for quantitation of glutathione (GSH) in biological samples. Eosin-5-maleimide was used to label the GSH molecule and the formed conjugate was separated in a 15 mM 4-(2-hydroxyethyl)-1-piperazineethanesulfonic acid electrolyte at pH 7.0 in less than 3 min. The conjugate was detected with an in-house built LIF system, utilizing an inexpensive 515 nm diode laser module. Studies were performed to optimize the derivatization (the ratio of reagent to analyte, the reaction time, pH, etc.) and separation conditions. Sensitive detection of GSH at concentrations as low as 0.18 nM was obtained. The method was applied in the analysis of biological fluids (exhaled breath condensate, saliva) and was found to be suitable for determination of GSH in these samples at trace levels below 1 nM. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first report on determination of GSH in exhaled breath condensate by capillary electrophoresis (CE).

• Klíčová slova
• Capillary electrophoresis, Eosin-5-maleimide, Glutathione, Laser-induced fluorescence,
• MeSH
• dechové testy MeSH
• elektroforéza kapilární metody   MeSH
• fluorescence MeSH
• glutathion analýza   MeSH
• lasery * MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• sliny chemie   MeSH
• tělesné tekutiny chemie   MeSH
• Check Tag
• lidé MeSH
• Publikační typ
• časopisecké články MeSH
• práce podpořená grantem MeSH
• Názvy látek
• glutathion MeSH

The magnocellular vasopressin (AVP) and oxytocin (OT) neurones exhibit specific electrophysiological behaviour, synthesise AVP and OT peptides and secrete them into the neurohypophysial system in response to various physiological stimulations. The activity of these neurones is regulated by the very same peptides released either somato-dendritically or when applied to supraoptic nucleus (SON) preparations in vitro. The AVP and OT, secreted somato-dendritically (i.e. in the SON proper) act through specific autoreceptors, induce distinct Ca(2+) signals and regulate cellular events. Here, we demonstrate that about 70% of freshly isolated individual SON neurones from the adult non-transgenic or transgenic rats bearing AVP (AVP-eGFP) or OT (OT-mRFP1) markers, produce distinct spontaneous [Ca(2+)]i oscillations. In the neurones identified (through specific fluorescence), about 80% of AVP neurones and about 60% of OT neurones exhibited these oscillations. Exposure to AVP triggered [Ca(2+)]i oscillations in silent AVP neurones, or modified the oscillatory pattern in spontaneously active cells. Hyper- and hypo-osmotic stimuli (325 or 275 mOsmol/l) respectively intensified or inhibited spontaneous [Ca(2+)]i dynamics. In rats dehydrated for 3 or 5days almost 90% of neurones displayed spontaneous [Ca(2+)]i oscillations. More than 80% of OT-mRFP1 neurones from 3 to 6-day-lactating rats were oscillatory vs. about 44% (OT-mRFP1 neurones) in virgins. Together, these results unveil for the first time that both AVP and OT neurones maintain, via Ca(2+) signals, their remarkable intrinsic in vivo physiological properties in an isolated condition.

• Klíčová slova
• Ca(2+) oscillations, Dehydration, Electrical activity, Enhanced green fluorescence protein, Fluorescence spectrofluorimetry, Fura-2, Hyper-osmolarity, Hypo-osmolarity, Hypothalamus, Lactation, Magnocellular neurosecretory cells, Monomeric red fluorescence protein, Osmoregulation, Oxytocin, Skewness, Spationtemporal dynamics, Supraoptic nucleus, Transgenic rats, Vasopressin,
• MeSH
• dehydratace MeSH
• neurony metabolismus   MeSH
• nucleus supraopticus metabolismus   MeSH
• osmolární koncentrace MeSH
• oxytocin metabolismus   MeSH
• potkani Wistar MeSH
• vápník metabolismus   MeSH
• vápníková signalizace * MeSH
• vasopresiny metabolismus   MeSH
• zelené fluorescenční proteiny metabolismus   MeSH
• zvířata MeSH
• Check Tag
• mužské pohlaví MeSH
• zvířata MeSH
• Publikační typ
• časopisecké články MeSH
• práce podpořená grantem MeSH
• Názvy látek
• enhanced green fluorescent protein MeSH Prohlížeč
• oxytocin MeSH
• vápník MeSH
• vasopresiny MeSH
• zelené fluorescenční proteiny MeSH

As the green transformation sweeps across industries in the digital age, tourism stakeholders face a pressing need to utilize online platforms and digital influencers for sustainability messaging. Drawing on the Motivation-Opportunity-Ability framework, this study investigates the influence of green ownership psychology and green knowledge sharing on tourists' repatronage intentions. It focuses on the mediating role of cooperative green activity programs and the moderating impact of tourists' green trust in social media influencers. Results from a two-wave survey of 602 tourists in Vietnam show that green practices directly increase repatronage intentions. Cooperative green activity programs significantly mediate this relationship, enhancing the impact of green marketing practices on repatronage intentions. Furthermore, tourists' green trust in social media influencers is a crucial moderating factor. It increases the effectiveness of green ownership psychology and green knowledge sharing in influencing repatronage intentions through cooperative green activity programs. The study highlights how the emotional and cognitive aspects of green marketing contribute to tourists' decisions to revisit or continue using tourism services. Offering original insights into the interplay of these elements in green marketing within the tourism industry, this research enriches the application of the Motivation-Opportunity-Ability framework. It provides valuable implications for tourism companies aiming to foster sustainable practices and enhance customer loyalty, highlighting the role of digital influencer engagement and cooperative sustainability initiatives in green marketing strategies.

• Klíčová slova
• Cooperative green activity programs, Green knowledge sharing, Green ownership psychology, Motivation-Opportunity-Ability, tourists' green trust in social media influencers, tourists' repatronage intentions,
• MeSH
• dospělí MeSH
• důvěra MeSH
• lidé středního věku MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• mladý dospělý MeSH
• motivace MeSH
• sociální média MeSH
• turistika * MeSH
• úmysl MeSH
• vlastnictví * MeSH
• zachování přírodních zdrojů MeSH
• znalosti MeSH
• Check Tag
• dospělí MeSH
• lidé středního věku MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• mladý dospělý MeSH
• mužské pohlaví MeSH
• ženské pohlaví MeSH
• Publikační typ
• časopisecké články MeSH
• Geografické názvy
• Vietnam MeSH