Tibial torsion assessment is crucial for understanding deformities and malalignments that can lead to joint pathologies in dogs. Different methods such as radiography, computed tomography (CT), and three-dimensional (3D) volume-rendering techniques have been employed to measure tibial torsion. This study compared the accuracy and reliability of tibial torsion angle (TTa) measurements obtained using radiography and ultrasound tilting techniques against those obtained using the 3D volume-rendering method in small-to-medium-sized non-chondrodystrophic dogs. Seven dogs with 11 hind limbs were included in this study. Descriptive statistics revealed mean TTa values for radiography (1.6° ± 5.14°), ultrasound (2.92° ± 3.98°), CT (4.57° ± 3.44°), and 3D volume-rendering method (5.29° ± 3.30°). Intraclass correlation coefficient (ICC) analysis indicated excellent intra- and interobserver agreement between the radiography and ultrasound methods. Correlation analysis showed positive correlations between all the methods. These findings demonstrate that radiography and the ultrasound tilting technique are reliable alternatives for measuring TTa. Although slightly lower ICC values were observed than those of the 3D volume-rendering technique, the radiography and ultrasound methods still exhibited good to excellent reliability, suggesting that these alternative methods could be effective diagnostic tools for assessing TTa in clinical settings with high accuracy and reliability.

• Klíčová slova
• intraclass correlation coefficients, non-chondrodystrophic dog, tibial torsion angle,
• Publikační typ
• časopisecké články MeSH

The Clock Drawing Test (CDT) is a commonly used tool in clinical practice and research for cognitive screening among older adults. The main goal of the present study was to analyze the interrater reliability of three different CDT scoring systems (by Shulman et al., Babins et al., and Cohen et al.). We used a clock with a predrawn circle. The CDT was evaluated by three independent raters based on the normative data set of healthy older and very old adults and patients with nonamnestic mild cognitive impairment (naMCI; N = 438; aged 61-94). We confirmed a high interrater reliability measured by the intraclass correlation coefficients (ICCs): Shulman ICC = .809, Babins ICC = .894, and Cohen ICC = .862, all p < .001. We found that age and education levels have a significant effect on CDT performance, yet there was no influence of gender. Finally, the scoring systems differentiated between naMCI and age- and education-matched controls: Shulman's area under the receiver operating characteristic curve (AUC) = .84, Cohen AUC = .71, all p < .001; and a slightly lower discriminative ability was shown by Babins: AUC = .65, p = .012.

• Klíčová slova
• Clock Drawing Test, cognitive screening, mild cognitive impairment, normative data, reliability, scoring systems,
• MeSH
• kognitivní dysfunkce diagnóza   MeSH
• lidé středního věku MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• nemocnice univerzitní MeSH
• neparametrická statistika MeSH
• neuropsychologické testy normy   MeSH
• reprodukovatelnost výsledků MeSH
• senioři nad 80 let MeSH
• senioři MeSH
• studie případů a kontrol MeSH
• věkové rozložení MeSH
• zdravé stárnutí psychologie   MeSH
• Check Tag
• lidé středního věku MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• mužské pohlaví MeSH
• senioři nad 80 let MeSH
• senioři MeSH
• ženské pohlaví MeSH
• Publikační typ
• časopisecké články MeSH
• Geografické názvy
• Česká republika MeSH

AIM: To determine the inter-observer reproducibility of 15 tests used for predicting difficult tracheal intubation (DI). MATERIAL AND METHODS: Following local ethics committee approval and informed consent, 101 volunteers were examined by two assessors using 15 tests for predicting DI. The two assessors who were blinded to the results of the other, examined each volunteer independently. Cohen's kappa (κ) or first-order agreement coefficient (AC1) were used to measure agreement between assessor ratings on a qualitative scale. Agreement between two quantitative outcomes was described using the intraclass correlation coefficient (ICC) and Pearson's (PCC) or Spearman's (SCC) correlation coefficients. The following interpretation of the coefficients was used: poor (< 0.20), fair (0.21-0.40), satisfactory (0.41-0.60), good (0.61-0.80), and excellent (0.81-1.00). RESULTS: Respective coefficients of inter-rater agreement and correlation coefficients were determined for the following parameters: pathologies associated with DI (κ=0.662, AC1=0.990), clinical impression (κ=-0.013, AC1=0.969), modified Mallampati test (κ=0.503, AC1=0.861), upper lip bite test (κ=0.370, AC1=0.897), temporo-mandibular joint movement (κ=0.088, AC1=0.797), max. anteroflexion of C-spine (ICC=0.136, SCC=0.391), max. retroflexion of C-spine (ICC=0.020, SCC=0.284), mandibular length (ICC=0.301, SCC=0.553), neck circumference (ICC=0.832, SCC=0.928), hyo-mental distance (ICC=0.378, SCC=0.472), thyro-mental distance (ICC=-0.002, PCC=0.265), sternomental distance (ICC=0.674, PCC=0.815), and finally, inter-incisor gap (ICC=0.695, PCC=0.785). Two tests (positive history of DI and retrogenia), were excluded from calculation because no positive cases were found. CONCLUSION: Best inter-rater agreement was found for the assessment of neck circumference while the highest discrepancies between raters were in goniometrically-measured mobility of the C-spine. Many of the pre-operative airway tests had only fair inter-observer reproducibility. This may be one reason why models for predicting difficult intubation are not universally reliable.

• MeSH
• antropometrie MeSH
• dospělí MeSH
• fyzikální vyšetření MeSH
• intratracheální intubace * MeSH
• krk anatomie a histologie   MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• mladý dospělý MeSH
• odchylka pozorovatele MeSH
• prediktivní hodnota testů MeSH
• reprodukovatelnost výsledků MeSH
• rizikové faktory MeSH
• Check Tag
• dospělí MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• mladý dospělý MeSH
• mužské pohlaví MeSH
• ženské pohlaví MeSH
• Publikační typ
• časopisecké články MeSH
• práce podpořená grantem MeSH

BACKGROUND: Manual segmentations of intracranial hemorrhage on non-contrast CT images are the gold-standard in measuring hematoma growth but are prone to rater variability. AIMS: We demonstrate that a convex optimization-based interactive segmentation approach can accurately and reliably measure intracranial hemorrhage growth. METHODS: Baseline and 16-h follow-up head non-contrast CT images of 46 subjects presenting with intracranial hemorrhage were selected randomly from the ANNEXA-4 trial imaging database. Three users semi-automatically segmented intracranial hemorrhage to measure hematoma volume for each timepoint using our proposed method. Segmentation accuracy was quantitatively evaluated compared to manual segmentations by using Dice similarity coefficient, Pearson correlation, and Bland-Altman analysis. Intra- and inter-rater reliability of the Dice similarity coefficient and intracranial hemorrhage volumes and volume change were assessed by the intraclass correlation coefficient and minimum detectable change. RESULTS: Among the three users, the mean Dice similarity coefficient, Pearson correlation, and mean difference ranged from 76.79% to 79.76%, 0.970 to 0.980 (p < 0.001), and -1.5 to -0.4 ml, respectively, for all intracranial hemorrhage segmentations. Inter-rater intraclass correlation coefficients between the three users for Dice similarity coefficient and intracranial hemorrhage volume were 0.846 and 0.962, respectively, and the corresponding minimum detectable change was 2.51 ml. Inter-rater intraclass correlation coefficient for intracranial hemorrhage volume change ranged from 0.915 to 0.958 for each user compared to manual measurements, resulting in an minimum detectable change range of 2.14 to 4.26 ml. CONCLUSIONS: We spatially and volumetrically validate a novel interactive segmentation method for delineating intracranial hemorrhage on head non-contrast CT images. Good spatial overlap, excellent volume correlation, and good repeatability suggest its usefulness for measuring intracranial hemorrhage volume and volume change on non-contrast CT images.

• Klíčová slova
• Intracranial hemorrhage segmentation, convex optimization, max-flow algorithm, non-contrast CT, stroke,
• MeSH
• cévní mozková příhoda * diagnostické zobrazování   MeSH
• hlava MeSH
• intrakraniální krvácení diagnostické zobrazování   MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• počítačová rentgenová tomografie MeSH
• reprodukovatelnost výsledků MeSH
• Check Tag
• lidé MeSH
• Publikační typ
• časopisecké články MeSH
• práce podpořená grantem MeSH

OBJECTIVES: The study aimed to assess the psychometric properties of the Czech versions of the Quality of Life in Late-Stage Dementia (QUALID) and the Cognitively Impaired Life Quality (CILQ) scales for use in the palliative care setting in terminally ill patients with cognitive impairment. METHODS: The sample comprised 306 cognitively impaired inpatients with advanced cancer and non-cancer conditions. In this cross-sectional study, two Quality of Life (QoL) measurements were performed at baseline and after five days. The dimensionality of the QUALID and CILQ scales was evaluated using a principal component analysis with Varimax rotation. Reliability was assessed using Cronbach's alpha; inter-rater reliability was evaluated with Kappa index. Test-retest stability was calculated using the intraclass correlation coefficients (ICCs) comparing scores from baseline and 3-5 days post-baseline. The construct validity of the QUALID and CILQ scale was established by Spearman's correlation coefficients with the Symptom Management at the End-of-Life in Dementia (SM-EOLD). RESULTS: Both scales were shown to have adequate validity and reliability (Cronbach's α = 0.812 for QUALID, and α = 0.73 for CILQ), good inter-rater agreement (QUALID: κ = 0.760; CILQ: κ = 0.801) as well as test-retest reliability (QUALID: ICC = 0.847; CILQ: ICC = 0.925). CONCLUSION: The Czech versions of the QUALID and CILQ scales may be recommended for use in the Czech Republic in the area of palliative care.

• Klíčová slova
• Cognitively impaired, palliative care, psychometric evaluation, quality of life, reliability, validity,
• MeSH
• kognitivní dysfunkce psychologie   MeSH
• kvalita života psychologie   MeSH
• lidé středního věku MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• paliativní péče psychologie   MeSH
• průřezové studie MeSH
• průzkumy a dotazníky normy   MeSH
• psychometrie přístrojové vybavení   MeSH
• reprodukovatelnost výsledků MeSH
• senioři nad 80 let MeSH
• senioři MeSH
• Check Tag
• lidé středního věku MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• mužské pohlaví MeSH
• senioři nad 80 let MeSH
• senioři MeSH
• ženské pohlaví MeSH
• Publikační typ
• časopisecké články MeSH
• práce podpořená grantem MeSH
• Geografické názvy
• Česká republika MeSH

PURPOSE: The aim of the study was to determine whether it is possible to assess static balance on an unstable surface using center of pressure velocities obtained with a force platform when standing on a wobble board. METHODS: The center of pressure velocities were recorded with a force platform within three days (four trials per day) in thirty young adults in three conditions: standing on a rigid surface, compliant surface, and on a wobble board. Reliability of mean velocities of the center of pressure was examined using intraclass correlation coefficients. Relationships between the three conditions were assessed with Pearson correlation coefficients. RESULTS: Intra-session reliability was excellent for standing on a rigid surface and on a compliant surface and good for standing on a wobble board. Inter-session reliability was good for all parameters in all conditions, except for poor reliability in the anterior-posterior direction in standing on a wobble board. All correlations between the same parameter in different conditions were statistically significant (P < 0.05), except for velocity of the center of pressure in the anterior-posterior direction between stance on a rigid surface and stance on a wobble board. CONCLUSIONS: Centre of pressure velocity parameters obtained with a force plate when standing on a wobble board can provide valuable information about postural stability in unstable conditions.

• MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• mladý dospělý MeSH
• postura těla fyziologie   MeSH
• posturální rovnováha fyziologie   MeSH
• reprodukovatelnost výsledků MeSH
• tlak MeSH
• Check Tag
• lidé MeSH
• mladý dospělý MeSH
• mužské pohlaví MeSH
• ženské pohlaví MeSH
• Publikační typ
• časopisecké články MeSH

PURPOSE: Self-relation is a profound connection that influences one's life. As such, it presents an important topic for various areas of research and psychotherapy. The goal of this study was to develop and evaluate a brief scale that would assess positive aspects of self-relation. SAMPLE AND METHODS: The Positive Self-Relation Scale (PSRS) consists of 16 items divided into 4 subscales - Self-Acceptance, Self-Confidence, Authenticity and Assertiveness, and Fulfilled Experience. Two samples were used for the evaluation of its content and factor structure. The final sample's data used for validation assessment. This sample consisted of 1234 adults from a general population (mean age 34.8±14.2 years, 70.8% women). All participants completed PSRS. Subgroups also filled in Rosenberg Self-Esteem Scale (RSES), Adult Dispositional Hope Scale (ADHS), Beck Depression Inventory-II (BDI-II), Liebowitz Social Anxiety Scale (LSAS), and Dissociative Experiences Scale (DES). RESULTS: Differences in scores among demographic groups were small to none. Internal consistency was good (Composite Reliability Coefficients - the whole scale: 0.93; the subscales: 0.73-0.80). Temporal stability, assessed 2 weeks apart, was satisfactory (intraclass correlation coefficients - the whole scale: 0.86, the subscales: 0.60-0.82). Factor loadings in confirmatory factor analysis were 0.45-0.80, fit indices mostly showed an adequate model. The correlation coefficients between PSRS and RSES/ADHS were strong (r=0.79/0.55). The scale also strongly correlated with LSAS, BDI-II, and DES (r=-0.61/-0.48/-0.30, all ps<0.001). CONCLUSION: PSRS showed adequate psychometric properties in the general population. Future studies should include clinical samples. The areas of application lie mainly in research and psychotherapy.

• Klíčová slova
• positive psychology, psychometric properties, self-acceptance, self-esteem, self-relation,
• Publikační typ
• časopisecké články MeSH

We investigated the convergent validity and intrasession reliability of force, velocity, and power (FVP) variables and the dynamic strength index (DSI) obtained from isometric midthigh pull (IMTP) and squat jump (SJ) testing. Fifteen male combat sports athletes (27 ± 5 years, 77 ± 9 kg, 1.76 ± 0.1 m, 14 ± 6% body fat) participated in a 2-days study. The first day involved testing familiarization, while the second was dedicated to IMTP and SJ testing. Maximal isometric force (Fiso ) was obtained from IMTP, while mean force, mean velocity, jump height, and jump impulse (J) were gathered from SJ. To analyze the FVP, we calculated the linear relationship between force and velocity, which allowed us to obtain the slope of the relationship (SFV ), the theoretical velocity at zero force (V0 ), and the theoretical maximal power (Pmax ). DSI was obtained as a ratio from SJ peak force and Fiso . The convergent validity was investigated using Spearman's ρ coefficients to assess the relationships between jump height and J with Fiso , V0 , SFV , Pmax , and DSI. The intrasession reliability was assessed using intraclass correlation coefficients (ICC) and coefficient of variations (CV). All variables demonstrated acceptable reliability scores. ICC ranged from moderate to excellent, and the mean CV was <10%. We found a "very large" correlation between jump J and Pmax , while jump height was not correlated with any variable. In conclusion, the IMTP and SJ combination is a practical way to determine FVP producing capacities that can be reliably measured (intrasession). The Pmax , derived from FVP, was correlated with jump performance, which might evidence the convergent validity of the method.

• Klíčová slova
• Assessment, Dynamic strength index, Isometric midthigh pull, Linear regression, Performance, Squat jump, Two-point method,
• MeSH
• biomechanika * MeSH
• cvičení * MeSH
• dospělí MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• pohyb * MeSH
• reprodukovatelnost výsledků MeSH
• stehno fyziologie   MeSH
• Check Tag
• dospělí MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• mužské pohlaví MeSH
• Publikační typ
• časopisecké články MeSH

OBJECTIVES: Better assessment of the reliability of the physical activity and sedentary behaviour items across countries in all WHO regions is highly needed. The aim of the study was to examine the test-retest reliability of selected physical activity and sedentary behaviour items of the HBSC questionnaire in Czech, Slovak and Polish adolescents. METHODS: We obtained data from 693 Czech, Slovak and Polish (50.9% boys) primary school pupils, grades five (mean age = 11.08; SD = 0.45) and nine (mean age = 15.12; SD = 0.45), who participated in a test-retest study in 2013. We used the single measures of Intraclass Correlation Coefficients (ICC) and Cohen's Kappa statistic to estimate the test-retest reliability of all selected items within the sample and stratified by gender, age group and country. RESULTS: Both physical activity items (VPA and MVPA) and most of the sedentary behaviour items showed moderate agreement (ICC 0.41-0.60) and a similarly moderate correlation (Cohen's Kappa 0.3-0.5) after dichotomization. CONCLUSIONS: The physical activity and sedentary behaviour items of the HBSC questionnaire seem to be at the borderline of reliability to be used in adolescents.

• MeSH
• chování dětí MeSH
• chování mladistvých MeSH
• cvičení * MeSH
• dítě MeSH
• interpretace statistických dat MeSH
• interval spolehlivosti MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• mladiství MeSH
• průzkumy a dotazníky normy   MeSH
• reprodukovatelnost výsledků MeSH
• sedavý životní styl * MeSH
• sexuální faktory MeSH
• věkové faktory MeSH
• zdravé chování * MeSH
• Check Tag
• dítě MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• mladiství MeSH
• mužské pohlaví MeSH
• ženské pohlaví MeSH
• Publikační typ
• časopisecké články MeSH
• práce podpořená grantem MeSH
• srovnávací studie MeSH
• validační studie MeSH
• Geografické názvy
• Česká republika MeSH
• Polsko MeSH
• Slovenská republika MeSH

INTRODUCTION: The aim of this study was to determine the reproducibility and accuracy of linear measurements on 2 types of dental models derived from cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT) scans: CBCT images, and Anatomodels (InVivoDental, San Jose, Calif); these were compared with digital models generated from dental impressions (Digimodels; Orthoproof, Nieuwegein, The Netherlands). The Digimodels were used as the reference standard. METHODS: The 3 types of digital models were made from 10 subjects. Four examiners repeated 37 linear tooth and arch measurements 10 times. Paired t tests and the intraclass correlation coefficient were performed to determine the reproducibility and accuracy of the measurements. RESULTS: The CBCT images showed significantly smaller intraclass correlation coefficient values and larger duplicate measurement errors compared with the corresponding values for Digimodels and Anatomodels. The average difference between measurements on CBCT images and Digimodels ranged from -0.4 to 1.65 mm, with limits of agreement values up to 1.3 mm for crown-width measurements. The average difference between Anatomodels and Digimodels ranged from -0.42 to 0.84 mm with limits of agreement values up to 1.65 mm. CONCLUSIONS: Statistically significant differences between measurements on Digimodels and Anatomodels, and between Digimodels and CBCT images, were found. Although the mean differences might be clinically acceptable, the random errors were relatively large compared with corresponding measurements reported in the literature for both Anatomodels and CBCT images, and might be clinically important. Therefore, with the CBCT settings used in this study, measurements made directly on CBCT images and Anatomodels are not as accurate as measurements on Digimodels.

• MeSH
• kefalometrie statistika a číselné údaje   MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• počítačová tomografie s kuželovým svazkem statistika a číselné údaje   MeSH
• počítačové zpracování obrazu statistika a číselné údaje   MeSH
• povrchové vlastnosti MeSH
• reprodukovatelnost výsledků MeSH
• software MeSH
• zobrazování trojrozměrné statistika a číselné údaje   MeSH
• zubní korunka (anatomie) anatomie a histologie   MeSH
• zubní modely * MeSH
• zubní oblouk anatomie a histologie   MeSH
• zubní technika otisková statistika a číselné údaje   MeSH
• zuby anatomie a histologie   MeSH
• Check Tag
• lidé MeSH
• Publikační typ
• časopisecké články MeSH
• srovnávací studie MeSH