PURPOSE: Hybrid ablation of atrial fibrillation (AF) is a promising treatment strategy for patients with non-paroxysmal AF, although, data regarding mid-term outcomes are limited. METHODS: Patients with persistent or long-standing persistent AF were enrolled. Initially, a thoracoscopic, right-sided, epicardial ablation was performed, with a goal of creating a box lesion on the posterior wall of the left atrium; a novel versapolar radiofrequency (RF) catheter was used. In patients enrolled later, occlusion of the left atrial appendage was also performed. An endocardial procedure was performed 2-4 months later, with the goal of confirming/completing the box lesion and ablating the ganglionated plexi and cavotricuspid isthmus. Efficacy was assessed using multiple 24-h and 1-week Holter monitoring. Analysis was performed to search for variables associated with procedure's failure. RESULTS: Forty-one patients (14 persistent and 27 long-standing persistent AF) were enrolled with a mean AF duration of 33.5 ± 33.1 months. Mean follow-up was 507.2 ± 201.1 days (180-731). At the last follow-up visit, 27(65%) patients were arrhythmia-free, without anti-arrhythmics or need for re-ablation. Additional 4 patients (9.8%) were in sinus rhythm (SR) following re-ablation of postprocedural peri-mitral flutter and 4 (9.8%) were in SR on anti-arrhythmics. Longer periods of preoperative AF were independently associated with worse arrhythmia-free survival (p = 0.015). Serious postoperative complications occurred in 3 (7.3%) patients; only 1 (2.4%) patient had clinical consequences after 6 months. CONCLUSIONS: Hybrid ablation of non-paroxysmal AF using a novel, versapolar RF device yields promising mid-term results. Better arrhythmia-free survival rates were found in AF patients with shorter AF duration.

Cardiocenter Department of Cardiac Surgery 3rd Faculty of Medicine Charles University and University Hospital Kralovske Vinohrady Prague Czech Republic

Cardiocenter Department of Cardiology 3rd Faculty of Medicine Charles University and University Hospital Kralovske Vinohrady Srobarova 50 100 34 Prague 10 Czech Republic

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