Regulatory T cells (TREG) and their roles in immune system with respect to immunopathological disorders
Language English Country Czech Republic Media print
Document type Journal Article, Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't, Review
- MeSH
- Autoimmune Diseases immunology MeSH
- Self Tolerance immunology MeSH
- CD4-Positive T-Lymphocytes immunology MeSH
- Immune System Diseases immunology MeSH
- Lymphocyte Subsets MeSH
- Flow Cytometry MeSH
- T-Lymphocytes, Regulatory immunology MeSH
- Publication type
- Journal Article MeSH
- Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't MeSH
- Review MeSH
Regulatory T cells (Tregs) are a specialized subpopulation of T cells that act to suppress immune response, thereby maintaining homeostasis and self-tolerance. It has been shown that Tregs are able to inhibit T cell proliferation and cytokine production and play a critical role in preventing autoimmunity. Different subsets with various functions of Treg cells exist. Tregs can be usually identified by flow cytometry. The most specific marker for these cells is FoxP3, which is localized intracellulary. Selected surface markers such as CD25high (high molecular density) and CD127low (low molecular density) could serve as surrogate markers to detect Tregs in a routine clinical practice. Dysregulation in Treg cell frequency or functions may lead to the development of autoimmune disease. Therapeutical Treg modulation is considered to be a promising therapeutical approach to treat some selected disorders, such as allergies, and to prevent allograft rejection.
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