Occurrence and behaviour of 105 active pharmaceutical ingredients in sewage waters of a municipal sewer collection system
Language English Country England, Great Britain Media print-electronic
Document type Journal Article, Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
PubMed
24768701
DOI
10.1016/j.watres.2014.03.076
PII: S0043-1354(14)00276-0
Knihovny.cz E-resources
- Keywords
- Active pharmaceutical ingredients, Behaviour, Mass flows, Municipal sewage waters, Online SPE-LC-MS/MS,
- MeSH
- Analgesics analysis MeSH
- Anti-Bacterial Agents analysis MeSH
- Anti-Inflammatory Agents, Non-Steroidal analysis MeSH
- Antihypertensive Agents analysis MeSH
- Water Pollutants, Chemical analysis MeSH
- European Union MeSH
- Solid Phase Extraction methods MeSH
- Pharmaceutical Preparations analysis MeSH
- Limit of Detection MeSH
- Sewage analysis chemistry MeSH
- Reproducibility of Results MeSH
- Quality Control MeSH
- Tandem Mass Spectrometry methods MeSH
- Publication type
- Journal Article MeSH
- Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't MeSH
- Geographicals
- Sweden MeSH
- Names of Substances
- Analgesics MeSH
- Anti-Bacterial Agents MeSH
- Anti-Inflammatory Agents, Non-Steroidal MeSH
- Antihypertensive Agents MeSH
- Water Pollutants, Chemical MeSH
- Pharmaceutical Preparations MeSH
- Sewage MeSH
The concentrations and behaviour of 105 different active pharmaceutical ingredients (APIs) in the aqueous phase of sewage water within a municipal sewer collection system have been investigated. Sewage water samples were gathered from seven pump stations (one of which was located within a university hospital) and from sewage water treatment influent and effluent. The targeted APIs were quantified using a multi-residue method based on online solid phase extraction liquid chromatography tandem mass spectrometry. The method was thoroughly validated and complies with EU regulations on sample handling, limits of quantification, quality control and selectivity. 51 APIs, including antibiotics, antidepressants, hypertension drugs, analgesics, NSAIDs and psycholeptics, were found frequently within the sewer collection system. API concentrations and mass flows were evaluated in terms of their frequency of detection, daily variation, median/minimum/maximum/average concentrations, demographic dissimilarities, removal efficiencies, and mass flow profiles relative to municipal sales data. Our results suggest that some APIs are removed from, or introduced to, the aqueous phase of sewage waters within the studied municipal collection system.
References provided by Crossref.org
Banknotes as a Source of Drug and Pharmaceutical Contamination of the Population
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