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Blood-Pressure and Cholesterol Lowering in Persons without Cardiovascular Disease
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Yusuf, Salim
Author Yusuf, Salim From the Population Health Research Institute, Hamilton Health Sciences (S.Y., E.L., J.B., R.M., J.P., H.J.), Department of Medicine (S.Y., E.L., R.M.), School of Rehabilitation Science (J.B.), Department of Clinical Epidemiology and Biostatistics (J.P.), McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Li Ka Shing Knowledge Institute and Keenan Research Centre for Biomedical Science, St. Michael's Hospital, University of Toronto, Toronto (L.A.L.), and Institut Universitaire de Cardiologie et Pneumologie de Québec, Université Laval, Quebec, QC (G.D.) - all in Canada; St. John's Research Institute (P.P., D.X.), and St. John's Medical College (D.X.), Bangalore, India; Fundacion Oftalmológica de Santander and Instituto Masira, Medical School, Universidad de Santander, Bucaramanga (P.L.-J.), and Universidad del Norte, Barranquilla (J.L.A.) - both in Colombia; Fu Wai Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing (J.Z., L.L.); Dante Pazzanese Institute of Cardiology (A.A.) and HCor-Heart Hospital (L.S.P.), Sao Paulo; Institute of Cardiology, Kiev, Ukraine (A.P.); Hungarian Institute of Cardiology, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary (M.K., K. Keltai); Hatter Institute for Cardiovascular Research in Africa, Department of Medicine, University of Cape Town, Soweto Cardiovascular Research Group, Cape Town, South Africa (K.S.); Institute of Clinical Cardiology in the Russian Cardiology Research Complex, Moscow (I.C.); the Department of Cardiology, Academic Medical Center, Amsterdam (R.J.G.P.); the Department of Medical Sciences, Cardiology, Clinical Research Center, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden (C.H.); Universiti Teknologi Majlis Amansh Rakyat, Selayang, and University College Sedaya International University, Kuala Lumpur (K.Y.) - both in Malaysia; Lady Davis Carmel Medical Center, Ruth and Bruce Rappaport School of Medicine, Technion-Israel Institute of Technology, Haifa, Israel (B.S.L.); University Hospital Motol, Prague, Czech Repu
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Lonn, Eva
Author Lonn, Eva From the Population Health Research Institute, Hamilton Health Sciences (S.Y., E.L., J.B., R.M., J.P., H.J.), Department of Medicine (S.Y., E.L., R.M.), School of Rehabilitation Science (J.B.), Department of Clinical Epidemiology and Biostatistics (J.P.), McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Li Ka Shing Knowledge Institute and Keenan Research Centre for Biomedical Science, St. Michael's Hospital, University of Toronto, Toronto (L.A.L.), and Institut Universitaire de Cardiologie et Pneumologie de Québec, Université Laval, Quebec, QC (G.D.) - all in Canada; St. John's Research Institute (P.P., D.X.), and St. John's Medical College (D.X.), Bangalore, India; Fundacion Oftalmológica de Santander and Instituto Masira, Medical School, Universidad de Santander, Bucaramanga (P.L.-J.), and Universidad del Norte, Barranquilla (J.L.A.) - both in Colombia; Fu Wai Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing (J.Z., L.L.); Dante Pazzanese Institute of Cardiology (A.A.) and HCor-Heart Hospital (L.S.P.), Sao Paulo; Institute of Cardiology, Kiev, Ukraine (A.P.); Hungarian Institute of Cardiology, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary (M.K., K. Keltai); Hatter Institute for Cardiovascular Research in Africa, Department of Medicine, University of Cape Town, Soweto Cardiovascular Research Group, Cape Town, South Africa (K.S.); Institute of Clinical Cardiology in the Russian Cardiology Research Complex, Moscow (I.C.); the Department of Cardiology, Academic Medical Center, Amsterdam (R.J.G.P.); the Department of Medical Sciences, Cardiology, Clinical Research Center, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden (C.H.); Universiti Teknologi Majlis Amansh Rakyat, Selayang, and University College Sedaya International University, Kuala Lumpur (K.Y.) - both in Malaysia; Lady Davis Carmel Medical Center, Ruth and Bruce Rappaport School of Medicine, Technion-Israel Institute of Technology, Haifa, Israel (B.S.L.); University Hospital Motol, Prague, Czech Repu
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Pais, Prem
Author Pais, Prem From the Population Health Research Institute, Hamilton Health Sciences (S.Y., E.L., J.B., R.M., J.P., H.J.), Department of Medicine (S.Y., E.L., R.M.), School of Rehabilitation Science (J.B.), Department of Clinical Epidemiology and Biostatistics (J.P.), McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Li Ka Shing Knowledge Institute and Keenan Research Centre for Biomedical Science, St. Michael's Hospital, University of Toronto, Toronto (L.A.L.), and Institut Universitaire de Cardiologie et Pneumologie de Québec, Université Laval, Quebec, QC (G.D.) - all in Canada; St. John's Research Institute (P.P., D.X.), and St. John's Medical College (D.X.), Bangalore, India; Fundacion Oftalmológica de Santander and Instituto Masira, Medical School, Universidad de Santander, Bucaramanga (P.L.-J.), and Universidad del Norte, Barranquilla (J.L.A.) - both in Colombia; Fu Wai Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing (J.Z., L.L.); Dante Pazzanese Institute of Cardiology (A.A.) and HCor-Heart Hospital (L.S.P.), Sao Paulo; Institute of Cardiology, Kiev, Ukraine (A.P.); Hungarian Institute of Cardiology, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary (M.K., K. Keltai); Hatter Institute for Cardiovascular Research in Africa, Department of Medicine, University of Cape Town, Soweto Cardiovascular Research Group, Cape Town, South Africa (K.S.); Institute of Clinical Cardiology in the Russian Cardiology Research Complex, Moscow (I.C.); the Department of Cardiology, Academic Medical Center, Amsterdam (R.J.G.P.); the Department of Medical Sciences, Cardiology, Clinical Research Center, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden (C.H.); Universiti Teknologi Majlis Amansh Rakyat, Selayang, and University College Sedaya International University, Kuala Lumpur (K.Y.) - both in Malaysia; Lady Davis Carmel Medical Center, Ruth and Bruce Rappaport School of Medicine, Technion-Israel Institute of Technology, Haifa, Israel (B.S.L.); University Hospital Motol, Prague, Czech Repu
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Bosch, Jackie
Author Bosch, Jackie From the Population Health Research Institute, Hamilton Health Sciences (S.Y., E.L., J.B., R.M., J.P., H.J.), Department of Medicine (S.Y., E.L., R.M.), School of Rehabilitation Science (J.B.), Department of Clinical Epidemiology and Biostatistics (J.P.), McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Li Ka Shing Knowledge Institute and Keenan Research Centre for Biomedical Science, St. Michael's Hospital, University of Toronto, Toronto (L.A.L.), and Institut Universitaire de Cardiologie et Pneumologie de Québec, Université Laval, Quebec, QC (G.D.) - all in Canada; St. John's Research Institute (P.P., D.X.), and St. John's Medical College (D.X.), Bangalore, India; Fundacion Oftalmológica de Santander and Instituto Masira, Medical School, Universidad de Santander, Bucaramanga (P.L.-J.), and Universidad del Norte, Barranquilla (J.L.A.) - both in Colombia; Fu Wai Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing (J.Z., L.L.); Dante Pazzanese Institute of Cardiology (A.A.) and HCor-Heart Hospital (L.S.P.), Sao Paulo; Institute of Cardiology, Kiev, Ukraine (A.P.); Hungarian Institute of Cardiology, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary (M.K., K. Keltai); Hatter Institute for Cardiovascular Research in Africa, Department of Medicine, University of Cape Town, Soweto Cardiovascular Research Group, Cape Town, South Africa (K.S.); Institute of Clinical Cardiology in the Russian Cardiology Research Complex, Moscow (I.C.); the Department of Cardiology, Academic Medical Center, Amsterdam (R.J.G.P.); the Department of Medical Sciences, Cardiology, Clinical Research Center, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden (C.H.); Universiti Teknologi Majlis Amansh Rakyat, Selayang, and University College Sedaya International University, Kuala Lumpur (K.Y.) - both in Malaysia; Lady Davis Carmel Medical Center, Ruth and Bruce Rappaport School of Medicine, Technion-Israel Institute of Technology, Haifa, Israel (B.S.L.); University Hospital Motol, Prague, Czech Repu
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López-Jaramillo, Patricio
Author López-Jaramillo, Patricio From the Population Health Research Institute, Hamilton Health Sciences (S.Y., E.L., J.B., R.M., J.P., H.J.), Department of Medicine (S.Y., E.L., R.M.), School of Rehabilitation Science (J.B.), Department of Clinical Epidemiology and Biostatistics (J.P.), McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Li Ka Shing Knowledge Institute and Keenan Research Centre for Biomedical Science, St. Michael's Hospital, University of Toronto, Toronto (L.A.L.), and Institut Universitaire de Cardiologie et Pneumologie de Québec, Université Laval, Quebec, QC (G.D.) - all in Canada; St. John's Research Institute (P.P., D.X.), and St. John's Medical College (D.X.), Bangalore, India; Fundacion Oftalmológica de Santander and Instituto Masira, Medical School, Universidad de Santander, Bucaramanga (P.L.-J.), and Universidad del Norte, Barranquilla (J.L.A.) - both in Colombia; Fu Wai Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing (J.Z., L.L.); Dante Pazzanese Institute of Cardiology (A.A.) and HCor-Heart Hospital (L.S.P.), Sao Paulo; Institute of Cardiology, Kiev, Ukraine (A.P.); Hungarian Institute of Cardiology, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary (M.K., K. Keltai); Hatter Institute for Cardiovascular Research in Africa, Department of Medicine, University of Cape Town, Soweto Cardiovascular Research Group, Cape Town, South Africa (K.S.); Institute of Clinical Cardiology in the Russian Cardiology Research Complex, Moscow (I.C.); the Department of Cardiology, Academic Medical Center, Amsterdam (R.J.G.P.); the Department of Medical Sciences, Cardiology, Clinical Research Center, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden (C.H.); Universiti Teknologi Majlis Amansh Rakyat, Selayang, and University College Sedaya International University, Kuala Lumpur (K.Y.) - both in Malaysia; Lady Davis Carmel Medical Center, Ruth and Bruce Rappaport School of Medicine, Technion-Israel Institute of Technology, Haifa, Israel (B.S.L.); University Hospital Motol, Prague, Czech Repu
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Zhu, Jun
Author Zhu, Jun From the Population Health Research Institute, Hamilton Health Sciences (S.Y., E.L., J.B., R.M., J.P., H.J.), Department of Medicine (S.Y., E.L., R.M.), School of Rehabilitation Science (J.B.), Department of Clinical Epidemiology and Biostatistics (J.P.), McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Li Ka Shing Knowledge Institute and Keenan Research Centre for Biomedical Science, St. Michael's Hospital, University of Toronto, Toronto (L.A.L.), and Institut Universitaire de Cardiologie et Pneumologie de Québec, Université Laval, Quebec, QC (G.D.) - all in Canada; St. John's Research Institute (P.P., D.X.), and St. John's Medical College (D.X.), Bangalore, India; Fundacion Oftalmológica de Santander and Instituto Masira, Medical School, Universidad de Santander, Bucaramanga (P.L.-J.), and Universidad del Norte, Barranquilla (J.L.A.) - both in Colombia; Fu Wai Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing (J.Z., L.L.); Dante Pazzanese Institute of Cardiology (A.A.) and HCor-Heart Hospital (L.S.P.), Sao Paulo; Institute of Cardiology, Kiev, Ukraine (A.P.); Hungarian Institute of Cardiology, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary (M.K., K. Keltai); Hatter Institute for Cardiovascular Research in Africa, Department of Medicine, University of Cape Town, Soweto Cardiovascular Research Group, Cape Town, South Africa (K.S.); Institute of Clinical Cardiology in the Russian Cardiology Research Complex, Moscow (I.C.); the Department of Cardiology, Academic Medical Center, Amsterdam (R.J.G.P.); the Department of Medical Sciences, Cardiology, Clinical Research Center, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden (C.H.); Universiti Teknologi Majlis Amansh Rakyat, Selayang, and University College Sedaya International University, Kuala Lumpur (K.Y.) - both in Malaysia; Lady Davis Carmel Medical Center, Ruth and Bruce Rappaport School of Medicine, Technion-Israel Institute of Technology, Haifa, Israel (B.S.L.); University Hospital Motol, Prague, Czech Repu
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Xavier, Denis
Author Xavier, Denis From the Population Health Research Institute, Hamilton Health Sciences (S.Y., E.L., J.B., R.M., J.P., H.J.), Department of Medicine (S.Y., E.L., R.M.), School of Rehabilitation Science (J.B.), Department of Clinical Epidemiology and Biostatistics (J.P.), McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Li Ka Shing Knowledge Institute and Keenan Research Centre for Biomedical Science, St. Michael's Hospital, University of Toronto, Toronto (L.A.L.), and Institut Universitaire de Cardiologie et Pneumologie de Québec, Université Laval, Quebec, QC (G.D.) - all in Canada; St. John's Research Institute (P.P., D.X.), and St. John's Medical College (D.X.), Bangalore, India; Fundacion Oftalmológica de Santander and Instituto Masira, Medical School, Universidad de Santander, Bucaramanga (P.L.-J.), and Universidad del Norte, Barranquilla (J.L.A.) - both in Colombia; Fu Wai Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing (J.Z., L.L.); Dante Pazzanese Institute of Cardiology (A.A.) and HCor-Heart Hospital (L.S.P.), Sao Paulo; Institute of Cardiology, Kiev, Ukraine (A.P.); Hungarian Institute of Cardiology, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary (M.K., K. Keltai); Hatter Institute for Cardiovascular Research in Africa, Department of Medicine, University of Cape Town, Soweto Cardiovascular Research Group, Cape Town, South Africa (K.S.); Institute of Clinical Cardiology in the Russian Cardiology Research Complex, Moscow (I.C.); the Department of Cardiology, Academic Medical Center, Amsterdam (R.J.G.P.); the Department of Medical Sciences, Cardiology, Clinical Research Center, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden (C.H.); Universiti Teknologi Majlis Amansh Rakyat, Selayang, and University College Sedaya International University, Kuala Lumpur (K.Y.) - both in Malaysia; Lady Davis Carmel Medical Center, Ruth and Bruce Rappaport School of Medicine, Technion-Israel Institute of Technology, Haifa, Israel (B.S.L.); University Hospital Motol, Prague, Czech Repu
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Avezum, Alvaro
Author Avezum, Alvaro From the Population Health Research Institute, Hamilton Health Sciences (S.Y., E.L., J.B., R.M., J.P., H.J.), Department of Medicine (S.Y., E.L., R.M.), School of Rehabilitation Science (J.B.), Department of Clinical Epidemiology and Biostatistics (J.P.), McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Li Ka Shing Knowledge Institute and Keenan Research Centre for Biomedical Science, St. Michael's Hospital, University of Toronto, Toronto (L.A.L.), and Institut Universitaire de Cardiologie et Pneumologie de Québec, Université Laval, Quebec, QC (G.D.) - all in Canada; St. John's Research Institute (P.P., D.X.), and St. John's Medical College (D.X.), Bangalore, India; Fundacion Oftalmológica de Santander and Instituto Masira, Medical School, Universidad de Santander, Bucaramanga (P.L.-J.), and Universidad del Norte, Barranquilla (J.L.A.) - both in Colombia; Fu Wai Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing (J.Z., L.L.); Dante Pazzanese Institute of Cardiology (A.A.) and HCor-Heart Hospital (L.S.P.), Sao Paulo; Institute of Cardiology, Kiev, Ukraine (A.P.); Hungarian Institute of Cardiology, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary (M.K., K. Keltai); Hatter Institute for Cardiovascular Research in Africa, Department of Medicine, University of Cape Town, Soweto Cardiovascular Research Group, Cape Town, South Africa (K.S.); Institute of Clinical Cardiology in the Russian Cardiology Research Complex, Moscow (I.C.); the Department of Cardiology, Academic Medical Center, Amsterdam (R.J.G.P.); the Department of Medical Sciences, Cardiology, Clinical Research Center, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden (C.H.); Universiti Teknologi Majlis Amansh Rakyat, Selayang, and University College Sedaya International University, Kuala Lumpur (K.Y.) - both in Malaysia; Lady Davis Carmel Medical Center, Ruth and Bruce Rappaport School of Medicine, Technion-Israel Institute of Technology, Haifa, Israel (B.S.L.); University Hospital Motol, Prague, Czech Repu
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Leiter, Lawrence A
Author Leiter, Lawrence A From the Population Health Research Institute, Hamilton Health Sciences (S.Y., E.L., J.B., R.M., J.P., H.J.), Department of Medicine (S.Y., E.L., R.M.), School of Rehabilitation Science (J.B.), Department of Clinical Epidemiology and Biostatistics (J.P.), McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Li Ka Shing Knowledge Institute and Keenan Research Centre for Biomedical Science, St. Michael's Hospital, University of Toronto, Toronto (L.A.L.), and Institut Universitaire de Cardiologie et Pneumologie de Québec, Université Laval, Quebec, QC (G.D.) - all in Canada; St. John's Research Institute (P.P., D.X.), and St. John's Medical College (D.X.), Bangalore, India; Fundacion Oftalmológica de Santander and Instituto Masira, Medical School, Universidad de Santander, Bucaramanga (P.L.-J.), and Universidad del Norte, Barranquilla (J.L.A.) - both in Colombia; Fu Wai Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing (J.Z., L.L.); Dante Pazzanese Institute of Cardiology (A.A.) and HCor-Heart Hospital (L.S.P.), Sao Paulo; Institute of Cardiology, Kiev, Ukraine (A.P.); Hungarian Institute of Cardiology, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary (M.K., K. Keltai); Hatter Institute for Cardiovascular Research in Africa, Department of Medicine, University of Cape Town, Soweto Cardiovascular Research Group, Cape Town, South Africa (K.S.); Institute of Clinical Cardiology in the Russian Cardiology Research Complex, Moscow (I.C.); the Department of Cardiology, Academic Medical Center, Amsterdam (R.J.G.P.); the Department of Medical Sciences, Cardiology, Clinical Research Center, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden (C.H.); Universiti Teknologi Majlis Amansh Rakyat, Selayang, and University College Sedaya International University, Kuala Lumpur (K.Y.) - both in Malaysia; Lady Davis Carmel Medical Center, Ruth and Bruce Rappaport School of Medicine, Technion-Israel Institute of Technology, Haifa, Israel (B.S.L.); University Hospital Motol, Prague, Czech Repu
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Piegas, Leopoldo S
Author Piegas, Leopoldo S From the Population Health Research Institute, Hamilton Health Sciences (S.Y., E.L., J.B., R.M., J.P., H.J.), Department of Medicine (S.Y., E.L., R.M.), School of Rehabilitation Science (J.B.), Department of Clinical Epidemiology and Biostatistics (J.P.), McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Li Ka Shing Knowledge Institute and Keenan Research Centre for Biomedical Science, St. Michael's Hospital, University of Toronto, Toronto (L.A.L.), and Institut Universitaire de Cardiologie et Pneumologie de Québec, Université Laval, Quebec, QC (G.D.) - all in Canada; St. John's Research Institute (P.P., D.X.), and St. John's Medical College (D.X.), Bangalore, India; Fundacion Oftalmológica de Santander and Instituto Masira, Medical School, Universidad de Santander, Bucaramanga (P.L.-J.), and Universidad del Norte, Barranquilla (J.L.A.) - both in Colombia; Fu Wai Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing (J.Z., L.L.); Dante Pazzanese Institute of Cardiology (A.A.) and HCor-Heart Hospital (L.S.P.), Sao Paulo; Institute of Cardiology, Kiev, Ukraine (A.P.); Hungarian Institute of Cardiology, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary (M.K., K. Keltai); Hatter Institute for Cardiovascular Research in Africa, Department of Medicine, University of Cape Town, Soweto Cardiovascular Research Group, Cape Town, South Africa (K.S.); Institute of Clinical Cardiology in the Russian Cardiology Research Complex, Moscow (I.C.); the Department of Cardiology, Academic Medical Center, Amsterdam (R.J.G.P.); the Department of Medical Sciences, Cardiology, Clinical Research Center, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden (C.H.); Universiti Teknologi Majlis Amansh Rakyat, Selayang, and University College Sedaya International University, Kuala Lumpur (K.Y.) - both in Malaysia; Lady Davis Carmel Medical Center, Ruth and Bruce Rappaport School of Medicine, Technion-Israel Institute of Technology, Haifa, Israel (B.S.L.); University Hospital Motol, Prague, Czech Repu
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Parkhomenko, Alexander
Author Parkhomenko, Alexander From the Population Health Research Institute, Hamilton Health Sciences (S.Y., E.L., J.B., R.M., J.P., H.J.), Department of Medicine (S.Y., E.L., R.M.), School of Rehabilitation Science (J.B.), Department of Clinical Epidemiology and Biostatistics (J.P.), McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Li Ka Shing Knowledge Institute and Keenan Research Centre for Biomedical Science, St. Michael's Hospital, University of Toronto, Toronto (L.A.L.), and Institut Universitaire de Cardiologie et Pneumologie de Québec, Université Laval, Quebec, QC (G.D.) - all in Canada; St. John's Research Institute (P.P., D.X.), and St. John's Medical College (D.X.), Bangalore, India; Fundacion Oftalmológica de Santander and Instituto Masira, Medical School, Universidad de Santander, Bucaramanga (P.L.-J.), and Universidad del Norte, Barranquilla (J.L.A.) - both in Colombia; Fu Wai Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing (J.Z., L.L.); Dante Pazzanese Institute of Cardiology (A.A.) and HCor-Heart Hospital (L.S.P.), Sao Paulo; Institute of Cardiology, Kiev, Ukraine (A.P.); Hungarian Institute of Cardiology, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary (M.K., K. Keltai); Hatter Institute for Cardiovascular Research in Africa, Department of Medicine, University of Cape Town, Soweto Cardiovascular Research Group, Cape Town, South Africa (K.S.); Institute of Clinical Cardiology in the Russian Cardiology Research Complex, Moscow (I.C.); the Department of Cardiology, Academic Medical Center, Amsterdam (R.J.G.P.); the Department of Medical Sciences, Cardiology, Clinical Research Center, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden (C.H.); Universiti Teknologi Majlis Amansh Rakyat, Selayang, and University College Sedaya International University, Kuala Lumpur (K.Y.) - both in Malaysia; Lady Davis Carmel Medical Center, Ruth and Bruce Rappaport School of Medicine, Technion-Israel Institute of Technology, Haifa, Israel (B.S.L.); University Hospital Motol, Prague, Czech Repu
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Keltai, Matyas
Author Keltai, Matyas From the Population Health Research Institute, Hamilton Health Sciences (S.Y., E.L., J.B., R.M., J.P., H.J.), Department of Medicine (S.Y., E.L., R.M.), School of Rehabilitation Science (J.B.), Department of Clinical Epidemiology and Biostatistics (J.P.), McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Li Ka Shing Knowledge Institute and Keenan Research Centre for Biomedical Science, St. Michael's Hospital, University of Toronto, Toronto (L.A.L.), and Institut Universitaire de Cardiologie et Pneumologie de Québec, Université Laval, Quebec, QC (G.D.) - all in Canada; St. John's Research Institute (P.P., D.X.), and St. John's Medical College (D.X.), Bangalore, India; Fundacion Oftalmológica de Santander and Instituto Masira, Medical School, Universidad de Santander, Bucaramanga (P.L.-J.), and Universidad del Norte, Barranquilla (J.L.A.) - both in Colombia; Fu Wai Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing (J.Z., L.L.); Dante Pazzanese Institute of Cardiology (A.A.) and HCor-Heart Hospital (L.S.P.), Sao Paulo; Institute of Cardiology, Kiev, Ukraine (A.P.); Hungarian Institute of Cardiology, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary (M.K., K. Keltai); Hatter Institute for Cardiovascular Research in Africa, Department of Medicine, University of Cape Town, Soweto Cardiovascular Research Group, Cape Town, South Africa (K.S.); Institute of Clinical Cardiology in the Russian Cardiology Research Complex, Moscow (I.C.); the Department of Cardiology, Academic Medical Center, Amsterdam (R.J.G.P.); the Department of Medical Sciences, Cardiology, Clinical Research Center, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden (C.H.); Universiti Teknologi Majlis Amansh Rakyat, Selayang, and University College Sedaya International University, Kuala Lumpur (K.Y.) - both in Malaysia; Lady Davis Carmel Medical Center, Ruth and Bruce Rappaport School of Medicine, Technion-Israel Institute of Technology, Haifa, Israel (B.S.L.); University Hospital Motol, Prague, Czech Repu
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Keltai, Katalin
Author Keltai, Katalin From the Population Health Research Institute, Hamilton Health Sciences (S.Y., E.L., J.B., R.M., J.P., H.J.), Department of Medicine (S.Y., E.L., R.M.), School of Rehabilitation Science (J.B.), Department of Clinical Epidemiology and Biostatistics (J.P.), McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Li Ka Shing Knowledge Institute and Keenan Research Centre for Biomedical Science, St. Michael's Hospital, University of Toronto, Toronto (L.A.L.), and Institut Universitaire de Cardiologie et Pneumologie de Québec, Université Laval, Quebec, QC (G.D.) - all in Canada; St. John's Research Institute (P.P., D.X.), and St. John's Medical College (D.X.), Bangalore, India; Fundacion Oftalmológica de Santander and Instituto Masira, Medical School, Universidad de Santander, Bucaramanga (P.L.-J.), and Universidad del Norte, Barranquilla (J.L.A.) - both in Colombia; Fu Wai Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing (J.Z., L.L.); Dante Pazzanese Institute of Cardiology (A.A.) and HCor-Heart Hospital (L.S.P.), Sao Paulo; Institute of Cardiology, Kiev, Ukraine (A.P.); Hungarian Institute of Cardiology, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary (M.K., K. Keltai); Hatter Institute for Cardiovascular Research in Africa, Department of Medicine, University of Cape Town, Soweto Cardiovascular Research Group, Cape Town, South Africa (K.S.); Institute of Clinical Cardiology in the Russian Cardiology Research Complex, Moscow (I.C.); the Department of Cardiology, Academic Medical Center, Amsterdam (R.J.G.P.); the Department of Medical Sciences, Cardiology, Clinical Research Center, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden (C.H.); Universiti Teknologi Majlis Amansh Rakyat, Selayang, and University College Sedaya International University, Kuala Lumpur (K.Y.) - both in Malaysia; Lady Davis Carmel Medical Center, Ruth and Bruce Rappaport School of Medicine, Technion-Israel Institute of Technology, Haifa, Israel (B.S.L.); University Hospital Motol, Prague, Czech Repu
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Sliwa, Karen
Author Sliwa, Karen From the Population Health Research Institute, Hamilton Health Sciences (S.Y., E.L., J.B., R.M., J.P., H.J.), Department of Medicine (S.Y., E.L., R.M.), School of Rehabilitation Science (J.B.), Department of Clinical Epidemiology and Biostatistics (J.P.), McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Li Ka Shing Knowledge Institute and Keenan Research Centre for Biomedical Science, St. Michael's Hospital, University of Toronto, Toronto (L.A.L.), and Institut Universitaire de Cardiologie et Pneumologie de Québec, Université Laval, Quebec, QC (G.D.) - all in Canada; St. John's Research Institute (P.P., D.X.), and St. John's Medical College (D.X.), Bangalore, India; Fundacion Oftalmológica de Santander and Instituto Masira, Medical School, Universidad de Santander, Bucaramanga (P.L.-J.), and Universidad del Norte, Barranquilla (J.L.A.) - both in Colombia; Fu Wai Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing (J.Z., L.L.); Dante Pazzanese Institute of Cardiology (A.A.) and HCor-Heart Hospital (L.S.P.), Sao Paulo; Institute of Cardiology, Kiev, Ukraine (A.P.); Hungarian Institute of Cardiology, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary (M.K., K. Keltai); Hatter Institute for Cardiovascular Research in Africa, Department of Medicine, University of Cape Town, Soweto Cardiovascular Research Group, Cape Town, South Africa (K.S.); Institute of Clinical Cardiology in the Russian Cardiology Research Complex, Moscow (I.C.); the Department of Cardiology, Academic Medical Center, Amsterdam (R.J.G.P.); the Department of Medical Sciences, Cardiology, Clinical Research Center, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden (C.H.); Universiti Teknologi Majlis Amansh Rakyat, Selayang, and University College Sedaya International University, Kuala Lumpur (K.Y.) - both in Malaysia; Lady Davis Carmel Medical Center, Ruth and Bruce Rappaport School of Medicine, Technion-Israel Institute of Technology, Haifa, Israel (B.S.L.); University Hospital Motol, Prague, Czech Repu
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Chazova, Irina
Author Chazova, Irina From the Population Health Research Institute, Hamilton Health Sciences (S.Y., E.L., J.B., R.M., J.P., H.J.), Department of Medicine (S.Y., E.L., R.M.), School of Rehabilitation Science (J.B.), Department of Clinical Epidemiology and Biostatistics (J.P.), McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Li Ka Shing Knowledge Institute and Keenan Research Centre for Biomedical Science, St. Michael's Hospital, University of Toronto, Toronto (L.A.L.), and Institut Universitaire de Cardiologie et Pneumologie de Québec, Université Laval, Quebec, QC (G.D.) - all in Canada; St. John's Research Institute (P.P., D.X.), and St. John's Medical College (D.X.), Bangalore, India; Fundacion Oftalmológica de Santander and Instituto Masira, Medical School, Universidad de Santander, Bucaramanga (P.L.-J.), and Universidad del Norte, Barranquilla (J.L.A.) - both in Colombia; Fu Wai Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing (J.Z., L.L.); Dante Pazzanese Institute of Cardiology (A.A.) and HCor-Heart Hospital (L.S.P.), Sao Paulo; Institute of Cardiology, Kiev, Ukraine (A.P.); Hungarian Institute of Cardiology, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary (M.K., K. Keltai); Hatter Institute for Cardiovascular Research in Africa, Department of Medicine, University of Cape Town, Soweto Cardiovascular Research Group, Cape Town, South Africa (K.S.); Institute of Clinical Cardiology in the Russian Cardiology Research Complex, Moscow (I.C.); the Department of Cardiology, Academic Medical Center, Amsterdam (R.J.G.P.); the Department of Medical Sciences, Cardiology, Clinical Research Center, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden (C.H.); Universiti Teknologi Majlis Amansh Rakyat, Selayang, and University College Sedaya International University, Kuala Lumpur (K.Y.) - both in Malaysia; Lady Davis Carmel Medical Center, Ruth and Bruce Rappaport School of Medicine, Technion-Israel Institute of Technology, Haifa, Israel (B.S.L.); University Hospital Motol, Prague, Czech Repu
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Peters, Ron J G
Author Peters, Ron J G From the Population Health Research Institute, Hamilton Health Sciences (S.Y., E.L., J.B., R.M., J.P., H.J.), Department of Medicine (S.Y., E.L., R.M.), School of Rehabilitation Science (J.B.), Department of Clinical Epidemiology and Biostatistics (J.P.), McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Li Ka Shing Knowledge Institute and Keenan Research Centre for Biomedical Science, St. Michael's Hospital, University of Toronto, Toronto (L.A.L.), and Institut Universitaire de Cardiologie et Pneumologie de Québec, Université Laval, Quebec, QC (G.D.) - all in Canada; St. John's Research Institute (P.P., D.X.), and St. John's Medical College (D.X.), Bangalore, India; Fundacion Oftalmológica de Santander and Instituto Masira, Medical School, Universidad de Santander, Bucaramanga (P.L.-J.), and Universidad del Norte, Barranquilla (J.L.A.) - both in Colombia; Fu Wai Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing (J.Z., L.L.); Dante Pazzanese Institute of Cardiology (A.A.) and HCor-Heart Hospital (L.S.P.), Sao Paulo; Institute of Cardiology, Kiev, Ukraine (A.P.); Hungarian Institute of Cardiology, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary (M.K., K. Keltai); Hatter Institute for Cardiovascular Research in Africa, Department of Medicine, University of Cape Town, Soweto Cardiovascular Research Group, Cape Town, South Africa (K.S.); Institute of Clinical Cardiology in the Russian Cardiology Research Complex, Moscow (I.C.); the Department of Cardiology, Academic Medical Center, Amsterdam (R.J.G.P.); the Department of Medical Sciences, Cardiology, Clinical Research Center, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden (C.H.); Universiti Teknologi Majlis Amansh Rakyat, Selayang, and University College Sedaya International University, Kuala Lumpur (K.Y.) - both in Malaysia; Lady Davis Carmel Medical Center, Ruth and Bruce Rappaport School of Medicine, Technion-Israel Institute of Technology, Haifa, Israel (B.S.L.); University Hospital Motol, Prague, Czech Repu
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Held, Claes
Author Held, Claes From the Population Health Research Institute, Hamilton Health Sciences (S.Y., E.L., J.B., R.M., J.P., H.J.), Department of Medicine (S.Y., E.L., R.M.), School of Rehabilitation Science (J.B.), Department of Clinical Epidemiology and Biostatistics (J.P.), McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Li Ka Shing Knowledge Institute and Keenan Research Centre for Biomedical Science, St. Michael's Hospital, University of Toronto, Toronto (L.A.L.), and Institut Universitaire de Cardiologie et Pneumologie de Québec, Université Laval, Quebec, QC (G.D.) - all in Canada; St. John's Research Institute (P.P., D.X.), and St. John's Medical College (D.X.), Bangalore, India; Fundacion Oftalmológica de Santander and Instituto Masira, Medical School, Universidad de Santander, Bucaramanga (P.L.-J.), and Universidad del Norte, Barranquilla (J.L.A.) - both in Colombia; Fu Wai Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing (J.Z., L.L.); Dante Pazzanese Institute of Cardiology (A.A.) and HCor-Heart Hospital (L.S.P.), Sao Paulo; Institute of Cardiology, Kiev, Ukraine (A.P.); Hungarian Institute of Cardiology, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary (M.K., K. Keltai); Hatter Institute for Cardiovascular Research in Africa, Department of Medicine, University of Cape Town, Soweto Cardiovascular Research Group, Cape Town, South Africa (K.S.); Institute of Clinical Cardiology in the Russian Cardiology Research Complex, Moscow (I.C.); the Department of Cardiology, Academic Medical Center, Amsterdam (R.J.G.P.); the Department of Medical Sciences, Cardiology, Clinical Research Center, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden (C.H.); Universiti Teknologi Majlis Amansh Rakyat, Selayang, and University College Sedaya International University, Kuala Lumpur (K.Y.) - both in Malaysia; Lady Davis Carmel Medical Center, Ruth and Bruce Rappaport School of Medicine, Technion-Israel Institute of Technology, Haifa, Israel (B.S.L.); University Hospital Motol, Prague, Czech Repu
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Yusoff, Khalid
Author Yusoff, Khalid From the Population Health Research Institute, Hamilton Health Sciences (S.Y., E.L., J.B., R.M., J.P., H.J.), Department of Medicine (S.Y., E.L., R.M.), School of Rehabilitation Science (J.B.), Department of Clinical Epidemiology and Biostatistics (J.P.), McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Li Ka Shing Knowledge Institute and Keenan Research Centre for Biomedical Science, St. Michael's Hospital, University of Toronto, Toronto (L.A.L.), and Institut Universitaire de Cardiologie et Pneumologie de Québec, Université Laval, Quebec, QC (G.D.) - all in Canada; St. John's Research Institute (P.P., D.X.), and St. John's Medical College (D.X.), Bangalore, India; Fundacion Oftalmológica de Santander and Instituto Masira, Medical School, Universidad de Santander, Bucaramanga (P.L.-J.), and Universidad del Norte, Barranquilla (J.L.A.) - both in Colombia; Fu Wai Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing (J.Z., L.L.); Dante Pazzanese Institute of Cardiology (A.A.) and HCor-Heart Hospital (L.S.P.), Sao Paulo; Institute of Cardiology, Kiev, Ukraine (A.P.); Hungarian Institute of Cardiology, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary (M.K., K. Keltai); Hatter Institute for Cardiovascular Research in Africa, Department of Medicine, University of Cape Town, Soweto Cardiovascular Research Group, Cape Town, South Africa (K.S.); Institute of Clinical Cardiology in the Russian Cardiology Research Complex, Moscow (I.C.); the Department of Cardiology, Academic Medical Center, Amsterdam (R.J.G.P.); the Department of Medical Sciences, Cardiology, Clinical Research Center, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden (C.H.); Universiti Teknologi Majlis Amansh Rakyat, Selayang, and University College Sedaya International University, Kuala Lumpur (K.Y.) - both in Malaysia; Lady Davis Carmel Medical Center, Ruth and Bruce Rappaport School of Medicine, Technion-Israel Institute of Technology, Haifa, Israel (B.S.L.); University Hospital Motol, Prague, Czech Repu
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Lewis, Basil S
Author Lewis, Basil S From the Population Health Research Institute, Hamilton Health Sciences (S.Y., E.L., J.B., R.M., J.P., H.J.), Department of Medicine (S.Y., E.L., R.M.), School of Rehabilitation Science (J.B.), Department of Clinical Epidemiology and Biostatistics (J.P.), McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Li Ka Shing Knowledge Institute and Keenan Research Centre for Biomedical Science, St. Michael's Hospital, University of Toronto, Toronto (L.A.L.), and Institut Universitaire de Cardiologie et Pneumologie de Québec, Université Laval, Quebec, QC (G.D.) - all in Canada; St. John's Research Institute (P.P., D.X.), and St. John's Medical College (D.X.), Bangalore, India; Fundacion Oftalmológica de Santander and Instituto Masira, Medical School, Universidad de Santander, Bucaramanga (P.L.-J.), and Universidad del Norte, Barranquilla (J.L.A.) - both in Colombia; Fu Wai Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing (J.Z., L.L.); Dante Pazzanese Institute of Cardiology (A.A.) and HCor-Heart Hospital (L.S.P.), Sao Paulo; Institute of Cardiology, Kiev, Ukraine (A.P.); Hungarian Institute of Cardiology, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary (M.K., K. Keltai); Hatter Institute for Cardiovascular Research in Africa, Department of Medicine, University of Cape Town, Soweto Cardiovascular Research Group, Cape Town, South Africa (K.S.); Institute of Clinical Cardiology in the Russian Cardiology Research Complex, Moscow (I.C.); the Department of Cardiology, Academic Medical Center, Amsterdam (R.J.G.P.); the Department of Medical Sciences, Cardiology, Clinical Research Center, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden (C.H.); Universiti Teknologi Majlis Amansh Rakyat, Selayang, and University College Sedaya International University, Kuala Lumpur (K.Y.) - both in Malaysia; Lady Davis Carmel Medical Center, Ruth and Bruce Rappaport School of Medicine, Technion-Israel Institute of Technology, Haifa, Israel (B.S.L.); University Hospital Motol, Prague, Czech Repu
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Jansky, Petr
Author Jansky, Petr From the Population Health Research Institute, Hamilton Health Sciences (S.Y., E.L., J.B., R.M., J.P., H.J.), Department of Medicine (S.Y., E.L., R.M.), School of Rehabilitation Science (J.B.), Department of Clinical Epidemiology and Biostatistics (J.P.), McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Li Ka Shing Knowledge Institute and Keenan Research Centre for Biomedical Science, St. Michael's Hospital, University of Toronto, Toronto (L.A.L.), and Institut Universitaire de Cardiologie et Pneumologie de Québec, Université Laval, Quebec, QC (G.D.) - all in Canada; St. John's Research Institute (P.P., D.X.), and St. John's Medical College (D.X.), Bangalore, India; Fundacion Oftalmológica de Santander and Instituto Masira, Medical School, Universidad de Santander, Bucaramanga (P.L.-J.), and Universidad del Norte, Barranquilla (J.L.A.) - both in Colombia; Fu Wai Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing (J.Z., L.L.); Dante Pazzanese Institute of Cardiology (A.A.) and HCor-Heart Hospital (L.S.P.), Sao Paulo; Institute of Cardiology, Kiev, Ukraine (A.P.); Hungarian Institute of Cardiology, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary (M.K., K. Keltai); Hatter Institute for Cardiovascular Research in Africa, Department of Medicine, University of Cape Town, Soweto Cardiovascular Research Group, Cape Town, South Africa (K.S.); Institute of Clinical Cardiology in the Russian Cardiology Research Complex, Moscow (I.C.); the Department of Cardiology, Academic Medical Center, Amsterdam (R.J.G.P.); the Department of Medical Sciences, Cardiology, Clinical Research Center, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden (C.H.); Universiti Teknologi Majlis Amansh Rakyat, Selayang, and University College Sedaya International University, Kuala Lumpur (K.Y.) - both in Malaysia; Lady Davis Carmel Medical Center, Ruth and Bruce Rappaport School of Medicine, Technion-Israel Institute of Technology, Haifa, Israel (B.S.L.); University Hospital Motol, Prague, Czech Repu
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Khunti, Kamlesh
Author Khunti, Kamlesh From the Population Health Research Institute, Hamilton Health Sciences (S.Y., E.L., J.B., R.M., J.P., H.J.), Department of Medicine (S.Y., E.L., R.M.), School of Rehabilitation Science (J.B.), Department of Clinical Epidemiology and Biostatistics (J.P.), McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Li Ka Shing Knowledge Institute and Keenan Research Centre for Biomedical Science, St. Michael's Hospital, University of Toronto, Toronto (L.A.L.), and Institut Universitaire de Cardiologie et Pneumologie de Québec, Université Laval, Quebec, QC (G.D.) - all in Canada; St. John's Research Institute (P.P., D.X.), and St. John's Medical College (D.X.), Bangalore, India; Fundacion Oftalmológica de Santander and Instituto Masira, Medical School, Universidad de Santander, Bucaramanga (P.L.-J.), and Universidad del Norte, Barranquilla (J.L.A.) - both in Colombia; Fu Wai Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing (J.Z., L.L.); Dante Pazzanese Institute of Cardiology (A.A.) and HCor-Heart Hospital (L.S.P.), Sao Paulo; Institute of Cardiology, Kiev, Ukraine (A.P.); Hungarian Institute of Cardiology, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary (M.K., K. Keltai); Hatter Institute for Cardiovascular Research in Africa, Department of Medicine, University of Cape Town, Soweto Cardiovascular Research Group, Cape Town, South Africa (K.S.); Institute of Clinical Cardiology in the Russian Cardiology Research Complex, Moscow (I.C.); the Department of Cardiology, Academic Medical Center, Amsterdam (R.J.G.P.); the Department of Medical Sciences, Cardiology, Clinical Research Center, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden (C.H.); Universiti Teknologi Majlis Amansh Rakyat, Selayang, and University College Sedaya International University, Kuala Lumpur (K.Y.) - both in Malaysia; Lady Davis Carmel Medical Center, Ruth and Bruce Rappaport School of Medicine, Technion-Israel Institute of Technology, Haifa, Israel (B.S.L.); University Hospital Motol, Prague, Czech Repu
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Toff, William D
Author Toff, William D From the Population Health Research Institute, Hamilton Health Sciences (S.Y., E.L., J.B., R.M., J.P., H.J.), Department of Medicine (S.Y., E.L., R.M.), School of Rehabilitation Science (J.B.), Department of Clinical Epidemiology and Biostatistics (J.P.), McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Li Ka Shing Knowledge Institute and Keenan Research Centre for Biomedical Science, St. Michael's Hospital, University of Toronto, Toronto (L.A.L.), and Institut Universitaire de Cardiologie et Pneumologie de Québec, Université Laval, Quebec, QC (G.D.) - all in Canada; St. John's Research Institute (P.P., D.X.), and St. John's Medical College (D.X.), Bangalore, India; Fundacion Oftalmológica de Santander and Instituto Masira, Medical School, Universidad de Santander, Bucaramanga (P.L.-J.), and Universidad del Norte, Barranquilla (J.L.A.) - both in Colombia; Fu Wai Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing (J.Z., L.L.); Dante Pazzanese Institute of Cardiology (A.A.) and HCor-Heart Hospital (L.S.P.), Sao Paulo; Institute of Cardiology, Kiev, Ukraine (A.P.); Hungarian Institute of Cardiology, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary (M.K., K. Keltai); Hatter Institute for Cardiovascular Research in Africa, Department of Medicine, University of Cape Town, Soweto Cardiovascular Research Group, Cape Town, South Africa (K.S.); Institute of Clinical Cardiology in the Russian Cardiology Research Complex, Moscow (I.C.); the Department of Cardiology, Academic Medical Center, Amsterdam (R.J.G.P.); the Department of Medical Sciences, Cardiology, Clinical Research Center, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden (C.H.); Universiti Teknologi Majlis Amansh Rakyat, Selayang, and University College Sedaya International University, Kuala Lumpur (K.Y.) - both in Malaysia; Lady Davis Carmel Medical Center, Ruth and Bruce Rappaport School of Medicine, Technion-Israel Institute of Technology, Haifa, Israel (B.S.L.); University Hospital Motol, Prague, Czech Repu
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Reid, Christopher M
Author Reid, Christopher M From the Population Health Research Institute, Hamilton Health Sciences (S.Y., E.L., J.B., R.M., J.P., H.J.), Department of Medicine (S.Y., E.L., R.M.), School of Rehabilitation Science (J.B.), Department of Clinical Epidemiology and Biostatistics (J.P.), McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Li Ka Shing Knowledge Institute and Keenan Research Centre for Biomedical Science, St. Michael's Hospital, University of Toronto, Toronto (L.A.L.), and Institut Universitaire de Cardiologie et Pneumologie de Québec, Université Laval, Quebec, QC (G.D.) - all in Canada; St. John's Research Institute (P.P., D.X.), and St. John's Medical College (D.X.), Bangalore, India; Fundacion Oftalmológica de Santander and Instituto Masira, Medical School, Universidad de Santander, Bucaramanga (P.L.-J.), and Universidad del Norte, Barranquilla (J.L.A.) - both in Colombia; Fu Wai Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing (J.Z., L.L.); Dante Pazzanese Institute of Cardiology (A.A.) and HCor-Heart Hospital (L.S.P.), Sao Paulo; Institute of Cardiology, Kiev, Ukraine (A.P.); Hungarian Institute of Cardiology, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary (M.K., K. Keltai); Hatter Institute for Cardiovascular Research in Africa, Department of Medicine, University of Cape Town, Soweto Cardiovascular Research Group, Cape Town, South Africa (K.S.); Institute of Clinical Cardiology in the Russian Cardiology Research Complex, Moscow (I.C.); the Department of Cardiology, Academic Medical Center, Amsterdam (R.J.G.P.); the Department of Medical Sciences, Cardiology, Clinical Research Center, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden (C.H.); Universiti Teknologi Majlis Amansh Rakyat, Selayang, and University College Sedaya International University, Kuala Lumpur (K.Y.) - both in Malaysia; Lady Davis Carmel Medical Center, Ruth and Bruce Rappaport School of Medicine, Technion-Israel Institute of Technology, Haifa, Israel (B.S.L.); University Hospital Motol, Prague, Czech Repu
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Varigos, John
Author Varigos, John From the Population Health Research Institute, Hamilton Health Sciences (S.Y., E.L., J.B., R.M., J.P., H.J.), Department of Medicine (S.Y., E.L., R.M.), School of Rehabilitation Science (J.B.), Department of Clinical Epidemiology and Biostatistics (J.P.), McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Li Ka Shing Knowledge Institute and Keenan Research Centre for Biomedical Science, St. Michael's Hospital, University of Toronto, Toronto (L.A.L.), and Institut Universitaire de Cardiologie et Pneumologie de Québec, Université Laval, Quebec, QC (G.D.) - all in Canada; St. John's Research Institute (P.P., D.X.), and St. John's Medical College (D.X.), Bangalore, India; Fundacion Oftalmológica de Santander and Instituto Masira, Medical School, Universidad de Santander, Bucaramanga (P.L.-J.), and Universidad del Norte, Barranquilla (J.L.A.) - both in Colombia; Fu Wai Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing (J.Z., L.L.); Dante Pazzanese Institute of Cardiology (A.A.) and HCor-Heart Hospital (L.S.P.), Sao Paulo; Institute of Cardiology, Kiev, Ukraine (A.P.); Hungarian Institute of Cardiology, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary (M.K., K. Keltai); Hatter Institute for Cardiovascular Research in Africa, Department of Medicine, University of Cape Town, Soweto Cardiovascular Research Group, Cape Town, South Africa (K.S.); Institute of Clinical Cardiology in the Russian Cardiology Research Complex, Moscow (I.C.); the Department of Cardiology, Academic Medical Center, Amsterdam (R.J.G.P.); the Department of Medical Sciences, Cardiology, Clinical Research Center, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden (C.H.); Universiti Teknologi Majlis Amansh Rakyat, Selayang, and University College Sedaya International University, Kuala Lumpur (K.Y.) - both in Malaysia; Lady Davis Carmel Medical Center, Ruth and Bruce Rappaport School of Medicine, Technion-Israel Institute of Technology, Haifa, Israel (B.S.L.); University Hospital Motol, Prague, Czech Repu
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Accini, Jose L
Author Accini, Jose L From the Population Health Research Institute, Hamilton Health Sciences (S.Y., E.L., J.B., R.M., J.P., H.J.), Department of Medicine (S.Y., E.L., R.M.), School of Rehabilitation Science (J.B.), Department of Clinical Epidemiology and Biostatistics (J.P.), McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Li Ka Shing Knowledge Institute and Keenan Research Centre for Biomedical Science, St. Michael's Hospital, University of Toronto, Toronto (L.A.L.), and Institut Universitaire de Cardiologie et Pneumologie de Québec, Université Laval, Quebec, QC (G.D.) - all in Canada; St. John's Research Institute (P.P., D.X.), and St. John's Medical College (D.X.), Bangalore, India; Fundacion Oftalmológica de Santander and Instituto Masira, Medical School, Universidad de Santander, Bucaramanga (P.L.-J.), and Universidad del Norte, Barranquilla (J.L.A.) - both in Colombia; Fu Wai Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing (J.Z., L.L.); Dante Pazzanese Institute of Cardiology (A.A.) and HCor-Heart Hospital (L.S.P.), Sao Paulo; Institute of Cardiology, Kiev, Ukraine (A.P.); Hungarian Institute of Cardiology, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary (M.K., K. Keltai); Hatter Institute for Cardiovascular Research in Africa, Department of Medicine, University of Cape Town, Soweto Cardiovascular Research Group, Cape Town, South Africa (K.S.); Institute of Clinical Cardiology in the Russian Cardiology Research Complex, Moscow (I.C.); the Department of Cardiology, Academic Medical Center, Amsterdam (R.J.G.P.); the Department of Medical Sciences, Cardiology, Clinical Research Center, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden (C.H.); Universiti Teknologi Majlis Amansh Rakyat, Selayang, and University College Sedaya International University, Kuala Lumpur (K.Y.) - both in Malaysia; Lady Davis Carmel Medical Center, Ruth and Bruce Rappaport School of Medicine, Technion-Israel Institute of Technology, Haifa, Israel (B.S.L.); University Hospital Motol, Prague, Czech Repu
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McKelvie, Robert
Author McKelvie, Robert From the Population Health Research Institute, Hamilton Health Sciences (S.Y., E.L., J.B., R.M., J.P., H.J.), Department of Medicine (S.Y., E.L., R.M.), School of Rehabilitation Science (J.B.), Department of Clinical Epidemiology and Biostatistics (J.P.), McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Li Ka Shing Knowledge Institute and Keenan Research Centre for Biomedical Science, St. Michael's Hospital, University of Toronto, Toronto (L.A.L.), and Institut Universitaire de Cardiologie et Pneumologie de Québec, Université Laval, Quebec, QC (G.D.) - all in Canada; St. John's Research Institute (P.P., D.X.), and St. John's Medical College (D.X.), Bangalore, India; Fundacion Oftalmológica de Santander and Instituto Masira, Medical School, Universidad de Santander, Bucaramanga (P.L.-J.), and Universidad del Norte, Barranquilla (J.L.A.) - both in Colombia; Fu Wai Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing (J.Z., L.L.); Dante Pazzanese Institute of Cardiology (A.A.) and HCor-Heart Hospital (L.S.P.), Sao Paulo; Institute of Cardiology, Kiev, Ukraine (A.P.); Hungarian Institute of Cardiology, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary (M.K., K. Keltai); Hatter Institute for Cardiovascular Research in Africa, Department of Medicine, University of Cape Town, Soweto Cardiovascular Research Group, Cape Town, South Africa (K.S.); Institute of Clinical Cardiology in the Russian Cardiology Research Complex, Moscow (I.C.); the Department of Cardiology, Academic Medical Center, Amsterdam (R.J.G.P.); the Department of Medical Sciences, Cardiology, Clinical Research Center, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden (C.H.); Universiti Teknologi Majlis Amansh Rakyat, Selayang, and University College Sedaya International University, Kuala Lumpur (K.Y.) - both in Malaysia; Lady Davis Carmel Medical Center, Ruth and Bruce Rappaport School of Medicine, Technion-Israel Institute of Technology, Haifa, Israel (B.S.L.); University Hospital Motol, Prague, Czech Repu
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Pogue, Janice
Author Pogue, Janice From the Population Health Research Institute, Hamilton Health Sciences (S.Y., E.L., J.B., R.M., J.P., H.J.), Department of Medicine (S.Y., E.L., R.M.), School of Rehabilitation Science (J.B.), Department of Clinical Epidemiology and Biostatistics (J.P.), McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Li Ka Shing Knowledge Institute and Keenan Research Centre for Biomedical Science, St. Michael's Hospital, University of Toronto, Toronto (L.A.L.), and Institut Universitaire de Cardiologie et Pneumologie de Québec, Université Laval, Quebec, QC (G.D.) - all in Canada; St. John's Research Institute (P.P., D.X.), and St. John's Medical College (D.X.), Bangalore, India; Fundacion Oftalmológica de Santander and Instituto Masira, Medical School, Universidad de Santander, Bucaramanga (P.L.-J.), and Universidad del Norte, Barranquilla (J.L.A.) - both in Colombia; Fu Wai Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing (J.Z., L.L.); Dante Pazzanese Institute of Cardiology (A.A.) and HCor-Heart Hospital (L.S.P.), Sao Paulo; Institute of Cardiology, Kiev, Ukraine (A.P.); Hungarian Institute of Cardiology, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary (M.K., K. Keltai); Hatter Institute for Cardiovascular Research in Africa, Department of Medicine, University of Cape Town, Soweto Cardiovascular Research Group, Cape Town, South Africa (K.S.); Institute of Clinical Cardiology in the Russian Cardiology Research Complex, Moscow (I.C.); the Department of Cardiology, Academic Medical Center, Amsterdam (R.J.G.P.); the Department of Medical Sciences, Cardiology, Clinical Research Center, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden (C.H.); Universiti Teknologi Majlis Amansh Rakyat, Selayang, and University College Sedaya International University, Kuala Lumpur (K.Y.) - both in Malaysia; Lady Davis Carmel Medical Center, Ruth and Bruce Rappaport School of Medicine, Technion-Israel Institute of Technology, Haifa, Israel (B.S.L.); University Hospital Motol, Prague, Czech Repu
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Jung, Hyejung
Author Jung, Hyejung From the Population Health Research Institute, Hamilton Health Sciences (S.Y., E.L., J.B., R.M., J.P., H.J.), Department of Medicine (S.Y., E.L., R.M.), School of Rehabilitation Science (J.B.), Department of Clinical Epidemiology and Biostatistics (J.P.), McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Li Ka Shing Knowledge Institute and Keenan Research Centre for Biomedical Science, St. Michael's Hospital, University of Toronto, Toronto (L.A.L.), and Institut Universitaire de Cardiologie et Pneumologie de Québec, Université Laval, Quebec, QC (G.D.) - all in Canada; St. John's Research Institute (P.P., D.X.), and St. John's Medical College (D.X.), Bangalore, India; Fundacion Oftalmológica de Santander and Instituto Masira, Medical School, Universidad de Santander, Bucaramanga (P.L.-J.), and Universidad del Norte, Barranquilla (J.L.A.) - both in Colombia; Fu Wai Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing (J.Z., L.L.); Dante Pazzanese Institute of Cardiology (A.A.) and HCor-Heart Hospital (L.S.P.), Sao Paulo; Institute of Cardiology, Kiev, Ukraine (A.P.); Hungarian Institute of Cardiology, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary (M.K., K. Keltai); Hatter Institute for Cardiovascular Research in Africa, Department of Medicine, University of Cape Town, Soweto Cardiovascular Research Group, Cape Town, South Africa (K.S.); Institute of Clinical Cardiology in the Russian Cardiology Research Complex, Moscow (I.C.); the Department of Cardiology, Academic Medical Center, Amsterdam (R.J.G.P.); the Department of Medical Sciences, Cardiology, Clinical Research Center, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden (C.H.); Universiti Teknologi Majlis Amansh Rakyat, Selayang, and University College Sedaya International University, Kuala Lumpur (K.Y.) - both in Malaysia; Lady Davis Carmel Medical Center, Ruth and Bruce Rappaport School of Medicine, Technion-Israel Institute of Technology, Haifa, Israel (B.S.L.); University Hospital Motol, Prague, Czech Repu
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Liu, Lisheng
Author Liu, Lisheng From the Population Health Research Institute, Hamilton Health Sciences (S.Y., E.L., J.B., R.M., J.P., H.J.), Department of Medicine (S.Y., E.L., R.M.), School of Rehabilitation Science (J.B.), Department of Clinical Epidemiology and Biostatistics (J.P.), McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Li Ka Shing Knowledge Institute and Keenan Research Centre for Biomedical Science, St. Michael's Hospital, University of Toronto, Toronto (L.A.L.), and Institut Universitaire de Cardiologie et Pneumologie de Québec, Université Laval, Quebec, QC (G.D.) - all in Canada; St. John's Research Institute (P.P., D.X.), and St. John's Medical College (D.X.), Bangalore, India; Fundacion Oftalmológica de Santander and Instituto Masira, Medical School, Universidad de Santander, Bucaramanga (P.L.-J.), and Universidad del Norte, Barranquilla (J.L.A.) - both in Colombia; Fu Wai Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing (J.Z., L.L.); Dante Pazzanese Institute of Cardiology (A.A.) and HCor-Heart Hospital (L.S.P.), Sao Paulo; Institute of Cardiology, Kiev, Ukraine (A.P.); Hungarian Institute of Cardiology, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary (M.K., K. Keltai); Hatter Institute for Cardiovascular Research in Africa, Department of Medicine, University of Cape Town, Soweto Cardiovascular Research Group, Cape Town, South Africa (K.S.); Institute of Clinical Cardiology in the Russian Cardiology Research Complex, Moscow (I.C.); the Department of Cardiology, Academic Medical Center, Amsterdam (R.J.G.P.); the Department of Medical Sciences, Cardiology, Clinical Research Center, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden (C.H.); Universiti Teknologi Majlis Amansh Rakyat, Selayang, and University College Sedaya International University, Kuala Lumpur (K.Y.) - both in Malaysia; Lady Davis Carmel Medical Center, Ruth and Bruce Rappaport School of Medicine, Technion-Israel Institute of Technology, Haifa, Israel (B.S.L.); University Hospital Motol, Prague, Czech Repu
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Diaz, Rafael
Author Diaz, Rafael From the Population Health Research Institute, Hamilton Health Sciences (S.Y., E.L., J.B., R.M., J.P., H.J.), Department of Medicine (S.Y., E.L., R.M.), School of Rehabilitation Science (J.B.), Department of Clinical Epidemiology and Biostatistics (J.P.), McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Li Ka Shing Knowledge Institute and Keenan Research Centre for Biomedical Science, St. Michael's Hospital, University of Toronto, Toronto (L.A.L.), and Institut Universitaire de Cardiologie et Pneumologie de Québec, Université Laval, Quebec, QC (G.D.) - all in Canada; St. John's Research Institute (P.P., D.X.), and St. John's Medical College (D.X.), Bangalore, India; Fundacion Oftalmológica de Santander and Instituto Masira, Medical School, Universidad de Santander, Bucaramanga (P.L.-J.), and Universidad del Norte, Barranquilla (J.L.A.) - both in Colombia; Fu Wai Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing (J.Z., L.L.); Dante Pazzanese Institute of Cardiology (A.A.) and HCor-Heart Hospital (L.S.P.), Sao Paulo; Institute of Cardiology, Kiev, Ukraine (A.P.); Hungarian Institute of Cardiology, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary (M.K., K. Keltai); Hatter Institute for Cardiovascular Research in Africa, Department of Medicine, University of Cape Town, Soweto Cardiovascular Research Group, Cape Town, South Africa (K.S.); Institute of Clinical Cardiology in the Russian Cardiology Research Complex, Moscow (I.C.); the Department of Cardiology, Academic Medical Center, Amsterdam (R.J.G.P.); the Department of Medical Sciences, Cardiology, Clinical Research Center, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden (C.H.); Universiti Teknologi Majlis Amansh Rakyat, Selayang, and University College Sedaya International University, Kuala Lumpur (K.Y.) - both in Malaysia; Lady Davis Carmel Medical Center, Ruth and Bruce Rappaport School of Medicine, Technion-Israel Institute of Technology, Haifa, Israel (B.S.L.); University Hospital Motol, Prague, Czech Repu
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Dans, Antonio
Author Dans, Antonio From the Population Health Research Institute, Hamilton Health Sciences (S.Y., E.L., J.B., R.M., J.P., H.J.), Department of Medicine (S.Y., E.L., R.M.), School of Rehabilitation Science (J.B.), Department of Clinical Epidemiology and Biostatistics (J.P.), McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Li Ka Shing Knowledge Institute and Keenan Research Centre for Biomedical Science, St. Michael's Hospital, University of Toronto, Toronto (L.A.L.), and Institut Universitaire de Cardiologie et Pneumologie de Québec, Université Laval, Quebec, QC (G.D.) - all in Canada; St. John's Research Institute (P.P., D.X.), and St. John's Medical College (D.X.), Bangalore, India; Fundacion Oftalmológica de Santander and Instituto Masira, Medical School, Universidad de Santander, Bucaramanga (P.L.-J.), and Universidad del Norte, Barranquilla (J.L.A.) - both in Colombia; Fu Wai Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing (J.Z., L.L.); Dante Pazzanese Institute of Cardiology (A.A.) and HCor-Heart Hospital (L.S.P.), Sao Paulo; Institute of Cardiology, Kiev, Ukraine (A.P.); Hungarian Institute of Cardiology, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary (M.K., K. Keltai); Hatter Institute for Cardiovascular Research in Africa, Department of Medicine, University of Cape Town, Soweto Cardiovascular Research Group, Cape Town, South Africa (K.S.); Institute of Clinical Cardiology in the Russian Cardiology Research Complex, Moscow (I.C.); the Department of Cardiology, Academic Medical Center, Amsterdam (R.J.G.P.); the Department of Medical Sciences, Cardiology, Clinical Research Center, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden (C.H.); Universiti Teknologi Majlis Amansh Rakyat, Selayang, and University College Sedaya International University, Kuala Lumpur (K.Y.) - both in Malaysia; Lady Davis Carmel Medical Center, Ruth and Bruce Rappaport School of Medicine, Technion-Israel Institute of Technology, Haifa, Israel (B.S.L.); University Hospital Motol, Prague, Czech Repu
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Dagenais, Gilles
Author Dagenais, Gilles From the Population Health Research Institute, Hamilton Health Sciences (S.Y., E.L., J.B., R.M., J.P., H.J.), Department of Medicine (S.Y., E.L., R.M.), School of Rehabilitation Science (J.B.), Department of Clinical Epidemiology and Biostatistics (J.P.), McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Li Ka Shing Knowledge Institute and Keenan Research Centre for Biomedical Science, St. Michael's Hospital, University of Toronto, Toronto (L.A.L.), and Institut Universitaire de Cardiologie et Pneumologie de Québec, Université Laval, Quebec, QC (G.D.) - all in Canada; St. John's Research Institute (P.P., D.X.), and St. John's Medical College (D.X.), Bangalore, India; Fundacion Oftalmológica de Santander and Instituto Masira, Medical School, Universidad de Santander, Bucaramanga (P.L.-J.), and Universidad del Norte, Barranquilla (J.L.A.) - both in Colombia; Fu Wai Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing (J.Z., L.L.); Dante Pazzanese Institute of Cardiology (A.A.) and HCor-Heart Hospital (L.S.P.), Sao Paulo; Institute of Cardiology, Kiev, Ukraine (A.P.); Hungarian Institute of Cardiology, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary (M.K., K. Keltai); Hatter Institute for Cardiovascular Research in Africa, Department of Medicine, University of Cape Town, Soweto Cardiovascular Research Group, Cape Town, South Africa (K.S.); Institute of Clinical Cardiology in the Russian Cardiology Research Complex, Moscow (I.C.); the Department of Cardiology, Academic Medical Center, Amsterdam (R.J.G.P.); the Department of Medical Sciences, Cardiology, Clinical Research Center, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden (C.H.); Universiti Teknologi Majlis Amansh Rakyat, Selayang, and University College Sedaya International University, Kuala Lumpur (K.Y.) - both in Malaysia; Lady Davis Carmel Medical Center, Ruth and Bruce Rappaport School of Medicine, Technion-Israel Institute of Technology, Haifa, Israel (B.S.L.); University Hospital Motol, Prague, Czech Repu
- HOPE-3 Investigators
Language English Country United States Media print-electronic
Document type Comparative Study, Journal Article, Multicenter Study, Randomized Controlled Trial, Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
Grant support
IR2-91038)
Canadian Institutes of Health Research - Canada
PubMed
27039945
DOI
10.1056/nejmoa1600177
Knihovny.cz E-resources
- MeSH
- Medication Adherence MeSH
- Antihypertensive Agents administration & dosage adverse effects MeSH
- Benzimidazoles administration & dosage MeSH
- Biphenyl Compounds MeSH
- Double-Blind Method MeSH
- Hydrochlorothiazide administration & dosage MeSH
- Hypertension drug therapy MeSH
- Cardiovascular Diseases epidemiology prevention & control MeSH
- Drug Therapy, Combination MeSH
- Cholesterol, LDL blood MeSH
- Middle Aged MeSH
- Humans MeSH
- Risk Factors MeSH
- Rosuvastatin Calcium administration & dosage adverse effects MeSH
- Aged MeSH
- Hydroxymethylglutaryl-CoA Reductase Inhibitors administration & dosage adverse effects MeSH
- Tetrazoles administration & dosage MeSH
- Check Tag
- Middle Aged MeSH
- Humans MeSH
- Male MeSH
- Aged MeSH
- Female MeSH
- Publication type
- Journal Article MeSH
- Multicenter Study MeSH
- Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't MeSH
- Randomized Controlled Trial MeSH
- Comparative Study MeSH
- Names of Substances
- Antihypertensive Agents MeSH
- Benzimidazoles MeSH
- Biphenyl Compounds MeSH
- candesartan MeSH Browser
- Hydrochlorothiazide MeSH
- Cholesterol, LDL MeSH
- Rosuvastatin Calcium MeSH
- Hydroxymethylglutaryl-CoA Reductase Inhibitors MeSH
- Tetrazoles MeSH
BACKGROUND: Elevated blood pressure and elevated low-density lipoprotein (LDL) cholesterol increase the risk of cardiovascular disease. Lowering both should reduce the risk of cardiovascular events substantially. METHODS: In a trial with 2-by-2 factorial design, we randomly assigned 12,705 participants at intermediate risk who did not have cardiovascular disease to rosuvastatin (10 mg per day) or placebo and to candesartan (16 mg per day) plus hydrochlorothiazide (12.5 mg per day) or placebo. In the analyses reported here, we compared the 3180 participants assigned to combined therapy (with rosuvastatin and the two antihypertensive agents) with the 3168 participants assigned to dual placebo. The first coprimary outcome was the composite of death from cardiovascular causes, nonfatal myocardial infarction, or nonfatal stroke, and the second coprimary outcome additionally included heart failure, cardiac arrest, or revascularization. The median follow-up was 5.6 years. RESULTS: The decrease in the LDL cholesterol level was 33.7 mg per deciliter (0.87 mmol per liter) greater in the combined-therapy group than in the dual-placebo group, and the decrease in systolic blood pressure was 6.2 mm Hg greater with combined therapy than with dual placebo. The first coprimary outcome occurred in 113 participants (3.6%) in the combined-therapy group and in 157 (5.0%) in the dual-placebo group (hazard ratio, 0.71; 95% confidence interval [CI], 0.56 to 0.90; P=0.005). The second coprimary outcome occurred in 136 participants (4.3%) and 187 participants (5.9%), respectively (hazard ratio, 0.72; 95% CI, 0.57 to 0.89; P=0.003). Muscle weakness and dizziness were more common in the combined-therapy group than in the dual-placebo group, but the overall rate of discontinuation of the trial regimen was similar in the two groups. CONCLUSIONS: The combination of rosuvastatin (10 mg per day), candesartan (16 mg per day), and hydrochlorothiazide (12.5 mg per day) was associated with a significantly lower rate of cardiovascular events than dual placebo among persons at intermediate risk who did not have cardiovascular disease. (Funded by the Canadian Institutes of Health Research and AstraZeneca; ClinicalTrials.gov number, NCT00468923.).
References provided by Crossref.org
ClinicalTrials.gov
NCT00468923
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