The process of metabolic re-programing is linked to the activation of oncogenes and/or suppression of tumour suppressor genes, which are regulated by microRNAs (miRNAs). The interplay between oncogenic transformation-driven metabolic re-programming and modulation of aberrant miRNAs further established their critical role in the initiation, promotion and progression of cancer by creating a tumorigenesis-prone microenvironment, thus orchestrating processes of evasion to apoptosis, angiogenesis and invasion/migration, as well metastasis. Given the involvement of miRNAs in tumour development and their global deregulation, they may be perceived as biomarkers in cancer of therapeutic relevance.

Department of Clinical and Molecular Sciences Polytechnic University of Marche Ancona 60020 Italy

Mitochondria Apoptosis and Cancer Research Group School of Medical Science and Menzies Health Institute Queensland Griffith University Southport QLD 4222 Australia

Molecular Therapy Group Institute of Biotechnology Czech Academy of Sciences Prague West 25243 Czech Republic

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Epigenetic Regulation of miRNA Expression in Malignant Mesothelioma: miRNAs as Biomarkers of Early Diagnosis and Therapy