Absence of differences among low, middle, and high molecular weight hyaluronan in activating murine immune cells in vitro
Language English Country Netherlands Media print-electronic
Document type Journal Article
PubMed
28860059
DOI
10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2017.08.131
PII: S0141-8130(17)30663-3
Knihovny.cz E-resources
- Keywords
- Hyaluronan, Inflammation, Molecular weight, Phagocytes,
- MeSH
- Immunity, Cellular drug effects genetics MeSH
- Cyclooxygenase 2 genetics MeSH
- Chickens MeSH
- Hyaluronic Acid pharmacology MeSH
- Macrophages drug effects immunology MeSH
- Molecular Weight MeSH
- Mice MeSH
- Nitric Oxide genetics MeSH
- RAW 264.7 Cells MeSH
- Gene Expression Regulation drug effects MeSH
- Streptococcus equi chemistry MeSH
- Nitric Oxide Synthase genetics MeSH
- Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha genetics MeSH
- Animals MeSH
- Check Tag
- Mice MeSH
- Animals MeSH
- Publication type
- Journal Article MeSH
- Names of Substances
- Cyclooxygenase 2 MeSH
- Hyaluronic Acid MeSH
- Nitric Oxide MeSH
- Ptgs2 protein, mouse MeSH Browser
- Nitric Oxide Synthase MeSH
- Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha MeSH
Hyaluronan (HA) effects on immune response are suggested to be dependent on HA molecular weight (MW), as low MW HA should activate immune cells in contrast to high MW HA. However, some current studies do not support this conception and emphasize the importance of the form of preparation of HA, particularly with respect to its purity and origin. We compared the activation of mouse immune cells by HA samples (100kDa, 500kDa, and 997kDa) prepared from HA originating from rooster comb, and HA samples (71kDa, 500kDa, and 1000kDa) prepared from pharmacological grade HA originating from Streptococcus equi. Interestingly, in contrast to established theory, only middle and high MW HA originating from rooster comb induced the production of tumor necrosis factor-α by macrophages and in whole blood. Further, all tested preparations of HA failed to induce the expression of inducible nitric oxide synthase, the production of nitric oxide, or the expression of cyclooxygenase 2 in macrophages and splenocytes. Importantly, all HA samples originating from rooster comb were found to be contaminated by endotoxin (up to 1.23EU/ml). Hence, low MW HA did not reveal itself to have significantly higher immunostimulatory activity compared to HA of higher MW.
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