In this work the physico-chemical properties of selected cryoprotectants (antifreeze protein TrxA-AFP752, trehalose and dimethyl sulfoxide) were correlated with their impact on the constitution of ice and influence on frozen/thawed cell viability. The freezing processes and states of investigated materials solutions were described and explained from a fundamental point of view using ab-initio modelling (molecular dynamics, DFT), Raman spectroscopy, Differential Scanning Calorimetry and X-Ray Diffraction. For the first time, in this work we correlated the microscopic view (modelling) with the description of the frozen solution states and put these results in the context of human skin fibroblast viability after freezing and thawing. DMSO and AFP had different impacts on their solution's freezing process but in both cases the ice crystallinity size was considerably reduced. DMSO and AFP treatment in different ways improved the viability of frozen/thawed cells.

Deparment of Molecular Cellular and Biomedical Sciences University of New Hampshire 46 College Road Durham NH 03824 USA

Department of Chemistry University of Wyoming 1000 E University Ave Laramie WY 82071 USA

Faculty of Mathematics and Physics Charles University Prague Ke Karlovu 5 CZ 121 16 Prague 2 Czech Republic

Faculty of Sciences University of South Bohemia in Ceske Budejovice Zamek 136 373 33 Nove Hrady Czech Republic

Institute of Biophysics Academy of Sciences of the Czech Republic v v i Kralovopolska 135 CZ 612 65 Brno Czech Republic

Institute of Chemistry Slovak Academy of Sciences Dubravska cesta 9 845 38 Bratislava 4 Slovak Republic

Institute of Microbiology Academy of Sciences of the Czech Republic v v i Zámek 136 CZ 373 33 Nové Hrady Czech Republic

Institute of Physics Academy of Sciences of the Czech Republic v v i Na Slovance 2 CZ 182 21 Prague 8 Czech Republic

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