Transplantation medicine is a rapidly evolving field. Keeping afloat of the published literature to offer the best clinical care to our patients is a daunting task. As part of its educational mission, the Descartes advisory board identified seven topics in kidney transplantation where there has been substantial progresses over the last years: kidney allocation within Eurotransplant; kidney exchange strategies; kidney machine perfusion strategies; the changing landscape of anti-human leukocyte antigen (HLA) antibodies; the new immunosuppressive drugs in the pipeline; strategies for immunosuppression minimization; and the continuous enigma of focal segmental glomerular sclerosis recurrence after transplantation. Here, we have summarized the main knowledge and the main challenges of these seven topics with the aim to provide transplant professionals at large with key bullet points to successfully understand these new concepts.

Department of Nephrological Intensive Care University Jean Monnet Saint Etienne France

Department of Nephrology Charité Universitätsmedizin Berlin Berlin Germany

Department of Nephrology Hospital del Mar Barcelona Barcelona Spain

Department of Nephrology Institute for Clinical and Experimental Medicine Prague 4 Czech Republic

Department of Nephrology KH Elisabethinen Linz Austria

Department of Nephrology Klinikum Rechts der Isar München Germany

Department of Nephrology Medical University of Vienna Vienna Austria

Department of Nephrology Universitair Ziekenhuis Antwerpen Edegem Belgium

Nephrology and Dialysis Department Regina Margherita Hospital Torino Italy

Transplant Unit Royal Infirmary of Edinburgh Edinburgh UK

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A multicentre, patient- and assessor-blinded, non-inferiority, randomised and controlled phase II trial to compare standard and torque teno virus-guided immunosuppression in kidney transplant recipients in the first year after transplantation: TTVguideIT