Mesocestoides vogae larvae represent a suitable model for evaluating the larvicidal potential of various compounds. In this study we investigated the in vitro effects of three natural flavonolignans-silybin (SB), 2,3-dehydrosilybin (DHSB) and silychristin (SCH)-on M. vogae larvae at concentrations of 5 and 50 μM under aerobic and hypoxic conditions for 72 h. With both kinds of treatment, the viability and motility of larvae remained unchanged, metabolic activity, neutral red uptake and concentrations of neutral lipids were reduced, in contrast with a significantly elevated glucose content. Incubation conditions modified the effects of individual FLs depending on their concentration. Under both sets of conditions, SB and SCH suppressed metabolic activity, the concentration of glucose, lipids and partially motility more at 50 μM, but neutral red uptake was elevated. DHSB exerted larvicidal activity and affected motility and neutral lipid concentrations differently depending on the cultivation conditions, whereas it decreased glucose concentration. DHSB at the 50 μM concentration caused irreversible morphological alterations along with damage to the microvillus surface of larvae, which was accompanied by unregulated neutral red uptake. In conclusion, SB and SCH suppressed mitochondrial functions and energy stores, inducing a physiological misbalance, whereas DHSB exhibited a direct larvicidal effect due to damage to the tegument and complete disruption of larval physiology and metabolism.

Department of Experimental Pharmacology Institute of Parasitology Slovak Academy of Sciences Hlinkova 3 SK 040 01 Košice Slovakia

Department of Pharmacognosy Faculty of Pharmacy Charles University Heyrovského 1203 CZ 501 65 Hradec Králové Czech Republic

Laboratory of Biotransformation Institute of Microbiology of the Czech Academy of Sciences Vídeňská 1083 CZ 142 20 Prague Czech Republic

Laboratory of Molecular Structure Characterization Institute of Microbiology of the Czech Academy of Sciences Vídeňská 1083 CZ 142 20 Prague Czech Republic

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Antioxidant, Anti-Inflammatory, and Multidrug Resistance Modulation Activity of Silychristin Derivatives