Immunomodulatory effects of cyanobacterial toxin cylindrospermopsin on innate immune cells
Language English Country England, Great Britain Media print-electronic
Document type Journal Article
PubMed
30951938
DOI
10.1016/j.chemosphere.2019.03.143
PII: S0045-6535(19)30589-2
Knihovny.cz E-resources
- Keywords
- Cyanobacteria, Cylindrospermopsin, Immunity, Inflammation, LPS, Macrophages,
- MeSH
- Alkaloids MeSH
- Bacterial Toxins immunology MeSH
- Immunomodulation genetics MeSH
- Macrophages drug effects MeSH
- Microcystins immunology MeSH
- Marine Toxins immunology MeSH
- Mice MeSH
- Immunity, Innate immunology MeSH
- Signal Transduction MeSH
- Cyanobacteria Toxins MeSH
- Uracil analogs & derivatives immunology MeSH
- Animals MeSH
- Check Tag
- Mice MeSH
- Animals MeSH
- Publication type
- Journal Article MeSH
- Names of Substances
- Alkaloids MeSH
- Bacterial Toxins MeSH
- cylindrospermopsin MeSH Browser
- Microcystins MeSH
- Marine Toxins MeSH
- Cyanobacteria Toxins MeSH
- Uracil MeSH
Cylindrospermopsin (CYN), a cyanobacterial toxin, is an important water pollutant with broad biological activity. It has been known mainly from tropical areas, but the area of occurrence of its producers is spreading to temperate climates. It can be found in high concentrations in the environment as well as in purified drinking waters. The aim of the study is to bring a basic information on the ability of CYN to interfere with mammalian innate immunity cells and thus increase the understanding of the immunomodulatory potency of CYN. This study investigated whether immune cells can be a target of CYN either alone or in combination with a model immunomodulatory agent, lipopolysaccharide (LPS). We examined the effects on cellular viability and inflammation signaling of CYN on murine macrophage-like RAW 264.7 cells. Macrophages were treated either with pure toxin (1 μM) or together with a known stimulator of immunologically active cells, bacterial or cyanobacterial LPS. CYN has had a significant effect on production on pro-inflammatory mediator tumor necrosis factor α (TNF-α) which correlates with its effect on reactive oxygen species (ROS) production. We found that CYN potentiated the effect of bacterial and cyanobacterial LPS that was documented by activation of inflammatory signaling pathways including mitogen-activated protein kinase p38 as well as consequent expression of inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) and increased production of pro-inflammatory mediators such as nitric oxide (NO), TNF-α, interleukin-6 (IL-6). Our study brings one of the first information that contributes to the elucidation of immunomodulatory role of CYN in macrophages under normal and pro-inflammatory conditions.
Masaryk University Faculty of Science RECETOX Kamenice 753 5 62500 Brno Czech Republic
The Czech Academy of Sciences Institute of Biophysics Kralovopolska 135 612 65 Brno Czech Republic
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