Impulsivity in patients with borderline personality disorder: a comprehensive profile compared with healthy people and patients with ADHD
Language English Country Great Britain, England Media print-electronic
Document type Journal Article, Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
PubMed
31439062
DOI
10.1017/s0033291719001892
PII: S0033291719001892
Knihovny.cz E-resources
- Keywords
- ADHD, attention, borderline personality disorder, cognitive functions, decision making, executive functions, impulsivity, urgency, working memory.,
- MeSH
- Adult MeSH
- Executive Function MeSH
- Borderline Personality Disorder psychology MeSH
- Attention Deficit Disorder with Hyperactivity psychology MeSH
- Impulsive Behavior * MeSH
- Cognition * MeSH
- Memory, Short-Term MeSH
- Humans MeSH
- Adolescent MeSH
- Young Adult MeSH
- Decision Making MeSH
- Case-Control Studies MeSH
- Self Report MeSH
- Check Tag
- Adult MeSH
- Humans MeSH
- Adolescent MeSH
- Young Adult MeSH
- Male MeSH
- Female MeSH
- Publication type
- Journal Article MeSH
- Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't MeSH
- Geographicals
- Czech Republic MeSH
BACKGROUND: Impulsivity is a core symptom of borderline personality disorder (BPD). Impulsivity is a heterogeneous concept, and a comprehensive evaluation of impulsivity dimensions is lacking in the literature. Moreover, it is unclear whether BPD patients manifest impaired cognitive functioning that might be associated with impulsivity in another patient group, such as ADHD, a frequent comorbidity of BPD. METHODS: We tested 39 patients with BPD without major psychiatric comorbidities and ADHD, 25 patients with ADHD, and 55 healthy controls (HC) using a test battery consisting of a self-report measure of impulsivity (UPPS-P questionnaire), behavioral measures of impulsivity - impulsive action (Go/NoGo task, stop signal task) and impulsive choice (delay discounting task, Iowa gambling task), and standardized measures of attention (d2 test), working memory (digit span), and executive functioning (Tower of London). RESULTS: Patients with BPD and ADHD, as compared with HC, manifested increased self-reported impulsivity except sensation seeking and increased impulsive choice; patients with ADHD but not BPD showed increased impulsive action and deficits in cognitive functioning. Negative urgency was increased in BPD as compared to both HC and ADHD groups and correlated with BPD severity. CONCLUSIONS: Patients with BPD without ADHD comorbidity had increased self-reported impulsivity and impulsive choice, but intact impulsive action and cognitive functioning. Controlling for ADHD comorbidity in BPD samples is necessary. Negative urgency is the most diagnostically specific impulsivity dimension in BPD.
Department of Neurology Faculty of Medicine University of Minnesota Minneapolis MN USA
Faculty of Science School of Psychology University of Auckland Auckland New Zealand
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