Exercise Training Reduces Inflammation of Adipose Tissue in the Elderly: Cross-Sectional and Randomized Interventional Trial
Jazyk angličtina Země Spojené státy americké Médium print
Typ dokumentu časopisecké články, randomizované kontrolované studie, práce podpořená grantem
PubMed
32902644
DOI
10.1210/clinem/dgaa630
PII: 5903324
Knihovny.cz E-zdroje
- Klíčová slova
- adipose tissue inflammation, aging, cardiorespiratory fitness, exercise training, insulin sensitivity, omega-3 fatty acids,
- MeSH
- cvičení fyziologie MeSH
- inzulinová rezistence fyziologie MeSH
- kardiorespirační zdatnost fyziologie MeSH
- lidé středního věku MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- průřezové studie MeSH
- senioři nad 80 let MeSH
- senioři MeSH
- stárnutí fyziologie MeSH
- svalová síla fyziologie MeSH
- tělesná výkonnost fyziologie MeSH
- terapie cvičením MeSH
- tuková tkáň imunologie metabolismus patologie MeSH
- zánět metabolismus patologie prevence a kontrola MeSH
- Check Tag
- lidé středního věku MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- senioři nad 80 let MeSH
- senioři MeSH
- ženské pohlaví MeSH
- Publikační typ
- časopisecké články MeSH
- práce podpořená grantem MeSH
- randomizované kontrolované studie MeSH
CONTEXT: Metabolic disturbances and a pro-inflammatory state associated with aging and obesity may be mitigated by physical activity or nutrition interventions. OBJECTIVE: The aim of this study is to assess whether physical fitness/exercise training (ET) alleviates inflammation in adipose tissue (AT), particularly in combination with omega-3 supplementation, and whether changes in AT induced by ET can contribute to an improvement of insulin sensitivity and metabolic health in the elderly. DESIGN, PARTICIPANTS, MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: The effect of physical fitness was determined in cross-sectional comparison of physically active/physically fit (trained) and sedentary/less physically fit (untrained) older women (71 ± 4 years, n = 48); and in double-blind randomized intervention by 4 months of ET with or without omega-3 (Calanus oil) supplementation (n = 55). Physical fitness was evaluated by spiroergometry (maximum graded exercise test) and senior fitness tests. Insulin sensitivity was measured by hyperinsulinemic-euglycemic clamp. Samples of subcutaneous AT were used to analyze mRNA gene expression, cytokine secretion, and immune cell populations. RESULTS: Trained women had lower mRNA levels of inflammation and oxidative stress markers, lower relative content of CD36+ macrophages, and higher relative content of γδT-cells in AT when compared with untrained women. Similar effects were recapitulated in response to a 4-month ET intervention. Content of CD36+ cells, γδT-cells, and mRNA expression of several inflammatory and oxidative stress markers correlated to insulin sensitivity and cardiorespiratory fitness. CONCLUSIONS: In older women, physical fitness is associated with less inflammation in AT. This may contribute to beneficial metabolic outcomes achieved by ET. When combined with ET, omega-3 supplementation had no additional beneficial effects on AT inflammatory characteristics.
Department of Medicine 2 Královské Vinohrady University Hospital Prague Czech Republic
Faculty of Physical Education and Sport Charles University Prague Czech Republic
Citace poskytuje Crossref.org
ClinicalTrials.gov
NCT03386461
